Nanosized TiO2-based materials with unique structural and functional properties have already led to breakthroughs in various applications including photocatalysis, adsorption, lithium-ion batteries, etc. In this review, we present the state-of-the-art development of fabrication strategies of titanate/titania nanostructures and their corresponding environmental and energy applications. First, the structural features of titanate and titania and their correlation are explained in great detail. After which, recent research efforts on the development of multi-dimensional titanate materials are summarized. Following that, the applications of titanate/titania nanomaterials in the fields of adsorbents, photocatalysis, lithium-ion batteries, photovoltaics, electrochromic devices, self-cleaning and oil–water separation are reviewed. Finally, the future perspectives for the nanostructured titanate and titania are discussed. Continuous development in this area is essential to endow TiO2-based materials with advanced functionality and improved performance for practical applications.

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Titanate and titania nanostructured materials for environmental and energy applications: a review

Recent advances in the synthesis, characterisation and applications of elongated titanates and TiO2 nanostructures (including nanotubes, nanofibres and nanorods) are reviewed. The physico-chemical properties of nanostructures, such as high surface area, efficient ion-exchanged properties, electron and proton conductivity and high aspect ratio, are described in connection with a particular application. Practical aspects of the preparation, stability and transformation of elongated titanates are considered. A critical survey of the literature is provided together with the development of prospective energy applications of elongated titanates in catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, solar cells, fuel cells, lithium batteries and hydrogen storage. Other applications utilising the high aspect ratio of elongated nanostructures include biomedical implants, sensors, drug delivery systems and smart, tribological composite coatings.

Elongated Titanate Nanostructures and Their Applications

https://ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk/bitstream/10397/2417/1/92.pdf

Effects of structure of anodic tio2 nanotube arrays on photocatalytic activity for the degradation of 2, 3-dichlorophenol in aqueous solution

A review on the formation of titania nanotube photocatalysts by hydrothermal treatment

One-dimensional titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based nanotubes have attracted great interest to be used as photocatalysts in the field of environmental applications. Three main approaches via template-assisted, electrochemical anodic oxidation and alkaline hydrothermal treatment used to prepare the nanostructured TiO2-based nanotubes are reviewed. The parameters that affect the formation of TiO2-based nanotubes via hydrothermal method such as phases and particle sizes of starting materials, types and concentrations of alkaline solution, temperature and duration of hydrothermal treatment, ultrasonication- and microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis, acid washing and calcination have been reviewed in details. This paper also discussed the possible crystal structure and formation mechanism of TiO2-based nanotubes via alkaline hydrothermal treatment. In addition, the recent research progress on the structural modification of TiO2-based nanotubes to be used as photocatalysts is summarized in this review. Modification strategies investigated include metal nanoparticles deposition, single- and co-doping of metal ions/non-metal ions, coupled with other semiconductors to form binary composites and hybrid with carbon nanomaterials.

H.J. Oh

Papers

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of nanotubes obtained from titanium dioxide