The AME2003 atomic mass evaluation . (II). Tables, graphs and references

The Homestake Solar Neutrino Detector, based on the inverse beta-decay reaction νe +37Cl →37Ar + e-, has been measuring the flux of solar neutrinos since 1970. The experiment has operated in a stable manner throughout this time period. All aspects of this detector are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the determination of the extraction and counting efficiencies, the key experimental parameters that are necessary to convert the measured 37Ar count rate to the solar neutrino production rate. A thorough consideration is also given to the systematics of the detector, including the measurement of the extraction and counting efficiencies and the nonsolar production of 37Ar. The combined result of 108 extractions is a solar neutrino-induced 37Ar production rate of 2.56 ± 0.l6 (statistical) ± 0.16 (systematic) SNU.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1086/305343/pdf

Measurement of the solar electron neutrino flux with the Homestake chlorine detector

A multiplatform code for the analysis of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectra

This paper is the second part of the new evaluation of atomic masses, Ame2012. From the results of a least-squares calculation, described in Part I, for all accepted experimental data, we derive here tables and graphs to replace those of Ame2003. The first table lists atomic masses. It is followed by a table of the influences of data on primary nuclides, a table of separation energies and reaction energies, and finally, a series of graphs of separation and decay energies. The last section in this paper lists all references to the input data used in Part I of this Ame2012 and also to the data included in the Nubase2012 evaluation (first paper in this issue).

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-1137/36/12/002/pdf

The Ame2012 atomic mass evaluation

Following the introduction of GUPIXWIN in 2005, a number of upgrades have been made in the interests of extending the applicability of the program. Extension of the proton upper energy limit to 5 MeV facilitates the simultaneous use of PIXE with other ion beam analysis techniques. Also, the increased penetration depth enables the complete PIXE analysis of paintings. A second database change is effected in which recently recommended values of L-subshell fluorescence and Coster–Kronig yields are adopted. A Monte Carlo code has been incorporated in the GUPIX package to provide detector efficiency values that are more accurate than those of the previous approximate analytical formula. Silicon escape peak modeling is extended to the back face of silicon drift detectors. An improved description of the attenuation in dura-coated beryllium detector windows is devised. Film thickness determination is enhanced. A new batch mode facility is designed to handle two-detector PIXE, with one detector measuring major elements and the other simultaneously measuring trace elements.

The Guelph PIXE software package IV

The present status of the field of fluorescence yields, radiationless (Auger and Coster-Kronig) and radiative transition probabilities is summarized. Tables of experimental and theoretical results are included, and tables of "best values" of important quantities are presented.

X-Ray Fluorescence Yields, Auger, and Coster-Kronig Transition Probabilities

Neutral-atom electron binding energies from relaxed-orbital relativistic Hartree-Fock-Slater calculations 2 ≤ Z ≤ 106

A comprehensive set of theoretical $L$-shell Auger and total widths, and Coster-Kronig and fluorescence yields is presented for atomic numbers $18\ensuremath{\le}Z\ensuremath{\le}100$. These quantities are based on ab initio relativistic calculations. Agreement with experimental values is fair for ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{1}$ and generally good for ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{2}$, ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{3} (Z\ensuremath{\ge}54)$, ${f}_{23} (Z\ensuremath{\ge}60)$, $\ensuremath{\Gamma}({L}_{2})$, $\ensuremath{\Gamma}({L}_{3})$, and for $\ensuremath{\Gamma}({L}_{1})$ in the range $49\ensuremath{\le}Z\ensuremath{\le}75$. Discrepancies in $\ensuremath{\Gamma}({L}_{1})$ for $Zl49$ point toward the need for a many-body calculation of low-energy ${L}_{1}\ensuremath{-}{L}_{2,3}{M}_{4,5}$ Coster-Kronig transitions. There is a pronounced need for measurements of ${\ensuremath{\omega}}_{3}$ and ${f}_{23}$ of elements lighter than Xe.

Widths and fluorescence yields of atomic L -shell vacancy states

Relativistic Radiationless Transition Probabilities for Atomic K- and L-Shells

Systematic relativistic (Dirac-Hartree-Slater) calculations of atomic K-shell Auger transition probabilities are reported for 25 elements with Z between 18 and 96, inclusive. K-level Auger widths are found to be enhanced by relativistic effects, while total K-level widths are reduced. Relativistic theoretical K-shell fluorescence yields are in excellent agreement with experiment. Theoretical relative intensities of K-LX Auger transitions in heavy elements, calculated in j-j coupling, agree well with measurements; for low Z, configuration interaction and intermediate coupling must apparently be included.

Hans Mark

Papers

X-Ray Fluorescence Yields, Auger, and Coster-Kronig Transition Probabilities

Neutral-atom electron binding energies from relaxed-orbital relativistic Hartree-Fock-Slater calculations 2 ≤ Z ≤ 106

Widths and fluorescence yields of atomic L -shell vacancy states

Relativistic Radiationless Transition Probabilities for Atomic K- and L-Shells

Relativistic K-shell Auger rates, level widths, and fluorescence yields