Continued growth and intensi¢cation of aquaculture production depends upon the development of sustainable protein sources to replace ¢sh meal in aquafeeds. This document reviews various plant feedstuis, which currently are or potentially may be incorporated into aquafeeds to support the sustainable production of various ¢sh species in aquaculture. The plant feedstuis considered include oilseeds, legumes and cereal grains, which traditionally have been used as protein or energy concentrates as well as novel products developed through various processing technologies. The nutritional composition of these various feedstuis are considered along with the presence of any bioactive compounds that may positively or negatively aiect the target organism. Lipid composition of these feedstuis is not speci¢cally considered although it is recognized that incorporating lipid supplements in aquafeeds to achieve proper fatty acid pro¢les to meet the metabolic requirements of ¢sh and maximize human health bene¢ts are important aspects. Speci¢c strategies and techniques to optimize the nutritional composition of plant feedstuis and limit potentially adverse eiects of bioactive compounds are also described. Such information will provide a foundation for developing strategic research plans for increasing the use of plant feedstuis in aquaculture to reduce dependence of animal feedstuis and thereby enhance the sustainability of aquaculture.

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Expanding the utilization of sustainable plant products in aquafeeds: a review

Saponins are steroid or triterpenoid glycosides, common in a large number of plants and plant products that are important in human and animal nutrition. Several biological effects have been ascribed to saponins. Extensive research has been carried out into the membrane-permeabilising, immunostimulant, hypocholesterolaemic and anticarcinogenic properties of saponins and they have also been found to significantly affect growth, feed intake and reproduction in animals. These structurally diverse compounds have also been observed to kill protozoans and molluscs, to be antioxidants, to impair the digestion of protein and the uptake of vitamins and minerals in the gut, to cause hypoglycaemia, and to act as antifungal and antiviral agents. These compounds can thus affect animals in a host of different ways both positive and negative.

/pdf/the-biological-action-of-saponins-in-animal-systems-a-review-21yt7p784a.pdf

The biological action of saponins in animal systems: a review

Extraction and analysis of phenolics in food

Phenolics in Food and Nutraceuticals is the first single-source compendium of essential information concerning food phenolics. This unique book reports the classification and nomenclature of phenolics, their occurrence in food and nutraceuticals, chemistry and applications, and nutritional and health effects. In addition, it describes antioxidant activity of phenolics in food and nutraceuticals as well as methods for analysis and quantification. Each chapter concludes with an extensive bibliography for further reading. Food scientists, nutritionists, chemists, biochemists, and health professionals will find this book valuable.

Phenolics in food and nutraceuticals

Phenolics in cereals, fruits and vegetables: Occurrence, extraction and analysis

Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish

State-of-the-art on use of insects as animal feed.

The effect of ionising radiation on antinutritional factors and the nutritional value of plant materials with reference to human and animal food

Two different germplasms of a white variety and one germplasm of a black variety of Mucuna pruriens var. utilis were evaluated for their physicochemical properties as well as their nutritional and antinutritional characteristics. All germplasms had higher grain weight, density, hydration, and swelling capacity than other common legumes. The dehulled samples contained 303.2−335.5 g-1 protein and 46.1−53.5 g kg-1 lipid, and these values were higher than the respective whole seeds. The levels of macro- and microelements in both whole and dehulled seeds were comparable to those in common pulses. All germplasms had a high dietary fiber content (18−19.5%), made up of mainly insoluble dietary fiber (DF). Seed lipids were high in unsaturated fatty acids (64.7−66.9%), specifically linoleic acid (48−49%). Whole and dehulled seeds of the white variety from Salem were particularly rich in sulfur-containing amino acids with significantly higher levels of in vitro protein digestibility than the other two germplasms. Al...

Studies on the Nutritional Composition and Antinutritional Factors of Three Different Germplasm Seed Materials of an Under-Utilized Tropical Legume, Mucuna pruriens Var. Utilis

Harinder P. S. Makkar

Papers

Antinutritional factors present in plant-derived alternate fish feed ingredients and their effects in fish

The biological action of saponins in animal systems: a review

State-of-the-art on use of insects as animal feed.

The effect of ionising radiation on antinutritional factors and the nutritional value of plant materials with reference to human and animal food

Studies on the Nutritional Composition and Antinutritional Factors of Three Different Germplasm Seed Materials of an Under-Utilized Tropical Legume, Mucuna pruriens Var. Utilis