A facile one-pot green synthesis and antibacterial activity of 2-amino-4H-pyrans and 2-amino-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromenes.

We have developed several multifunctional thiourea catalysts bearing a tertiary amine or an 1,2-amino alcohol in expectation of their synchronous activation of a nucleophile and an electrophile through both acid-base and hydrogen-bonding interactions. From these studies, it was revealed that the weak acidity of thioureas compared with metallic Lewis acids could be overcome by this modification. The bifunctional aminothiourea could be used efficiently for a wide range of diastereoselective and enantioselective nucleophilic reactions such as Michael addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to nitroolefines, aza-Henry reaction of nitroalkanes to N-Boc imines, and hydrazination of cyclic β-keto esters. We also discovered that multifunctional thiourea catalyst, bearing an 1,2-amino alcohol moiety, significantly accelerated the Petasis-type reaction of alkenylboronic acids to N-phenoxycarbonyl quinolinium salts, prepared from quinolines and phenyl chloroformate, to afford 1,2-addition products with high enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee). Furthermore, to expand the synthetic applicability of the thiourea-catalyzed asymmetric reactions, tandem organocatalyzed reactions were explored to establish the concise one-pot synthesis of chiral densely functionalized three-, five-, and six-membered compounds.

Development of chiral thiourea catalysts and its application to asymmetric catalytic reactions.

Hydroxyapatite: A review of syntheses, structure and applications in heterogeneous catalysis☆

Biodiesel was produced by transesterification of soybean oil with methanol using ZnO loaded with KF as a solid base catalyst. It was found that the catalyst with 15 wt.% KF loading and calcined at 873 K showed the optimum activity. XRD, IR and Hammett indicator method were employed for the catalyst characterization. The results showed the activity of the catalysts was correlated with their basicity. The influence of various reaction variables on the conversion was also discussed.

Synthesis of Biodiesel from Soybean Oil using Heterogeneous KF/ZnO Catalyst

A new, efficient preparation has been devised for potassium ferrate(VI) (K(2)FeO(4)). The ability of this high-valent iron salt for oxidizing organic substrates in nonaqueous media was studied. Using benzyl alcohol as a model, the catalytic activity of a wide range of microporous adsorbents was ascertained. Among numerous solid supports of the aluminosilicate type, the K10 montmorillonite clay was found to be best at achieving quantitative formation of benzaldehyde, without any overoxidation to benzoic acid. The roles of the various parameters (reaction time and temperature, nature of the solvent, method of preparation of the solid reagent) were investigated. The evidence points to a polar reaction mechanism. The ensuing procedure was applied successfully, at room temperature, to oxidation of a series of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones, to oxidative coupling of thiols to disulfides, and to oxidation of nitrogen derivatives. At 75 degrees C, the reagent has the capability of oxidizing both activated and nonactivated hydrocarbons. Toluene is turned into benzyl alcohol (and benzaldehyde). Cycloalkanes are also oxidized, in significant (30-40%) yields, to the respective cycloalkanols (and cycloalkanones). Thus, potassium ferrate, used in conjunction with an appropriate heterogeneous catalyst, is a strong and environmentally friendly oxidant.

A Novel Oxidizing Reagent Based on Potassium Ferrate(VI)(1).

Knoevenagel, Wittig and Wittig-Horner reactions in the presence of magnesium oxide or zinc oxide

Reactions de wittig, wittig-horner et knoevenagel par activation anionique avec l'alumine ou le fluorure de potassium depose sur l'alumine, sans solvant

Wittig, wittig-horner and knoevenagel reactions by anionic activation with alumina or alumina-supported potassium fluoride in the absence of solvent

MgO et ZnO, modified by addition of a solvent or a metal salt, give very selective reactions by an interfacial solid-liquid process.

Reaction de Knoevenagel et de Wittig-Horner En Presence D'oxydes Metalliques. Modification de la Selectivite Du Catalyseur Par Addition De Solvants Ou De Sels Metalliques

Helene Moison

Papers

Knoevenagel, Wittig and Wittig-Horner reactions in the presence of magnesium oxide or zinc oxide

Reactions de wittig, wittig-horner et knoevenagel par activation anionique avec l'alumine ou le fluorure de potassium depose sur l'alumine, sans solvant

Wittig, wittig-horner and knoevenagel reactions by anionic activation with alumina or alumina-supported potassium fluoride in the absence of solvent

Reaction de Knoevenagel et de Wittig-Horner En Presence D'oxydes Metalliques. Modification de la Selectivite Du Catalyseur Par Addition De Solvants Ou De Sels Metalliques