A hand held dental instrument for curing light-curable compounds comprises a housing and an array of solid state, light emitting junctions or dies for generating light having wavelengths within a narrow band of wavelengths (e.g. 400-500 nm). Preferably, a peak wavelength of 470 nm is generated. The device further comprises an optical fiber light pipe for capturing the light and transmitting a beam of the light to a work surface containing a light-curable compound. An optical lens or lenses may be used for focusing the light into the light pipe.

Apparatus and method for curing materials with radiation

Microparticles formed by mixing a macromolecule with a polymer at a pH near the isoelectric point of the macromolecule and incubating the mixture in the presence of an energy source for a predetermined length of time. The microparticles are composed of homogeneously distributed, intertwined macromolecule and polymer. Each microparticle allows aqueous fluids to enter and allows solubilized macromolecule and polymer to exit the microparticle and may be formulated to provide a sustained release of macromolecule and polymer from the interior of the microparticle when placed in an appropriate aqueous medium, such as under physiological conditions. Methods of production and methods of use for research, diagnostics and therapeutics are provided.

Macromolecular microparticles and methods of production and use

Polishing compositions and methods for removing conductive materials and barrier materials from a substrate surface are provided. Polishing compositions are provided for removing at least a barrier material from a substrate surface by a chemical mechanical polishing process or by an electrochemical mechanical polishing process. The polishing compositions used in barrier removal may further be used after a process for electrochemical mechanical planarization process of a conductive material. The polishing compositions and methods described herein improve the effective removal rate of materials from the substrate surface with a reduction in planarization type defects.

Method and composition for polishing a substrate

A pigment dispersion useful for forming coating compositions containing dispersed pigment, an aqueous carrier and a graft copolymer dispersant; wherein the graft copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000-100,000 and has a polymeric backbone and macromonomer side chains attached to the backbone wherein 1) the polymeric backbone is hydrophobic in comparison to the side chains and contains polymerized ethylenically unsaturated, hydrophobic monomers and up to 20 % by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized ethylenically unsaturated acid containing monomers; and 2) the side chains are hydrophilic macromonomers attached to the backbone at a single terminal point and contain polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers and 2-100 % by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized ethylenically unsaturated acid containing monomers and have a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000-30,000 and wherein the acid groups of the graft copolymer are neutralized with an inorganic base or an amine. The graft copolymer and a process for making the graft copolymer also are disclosed.

Aqueous graft copolymer pigment dispersants

A multiple pulsed dose drug delivery system for pharmaceutically active amphetamine salts, comprising an immediate-release component and an enteric delayed-release component wherein (1) the enteric release coating has a defined minimum thickness and/or (2) there is a protective layer between the pharmaceutically active amphetamine salt and the enteric release coating and/or (3) there is a protective layer over the enteric release coating. The product can be composed of either one or a number of beads in a dosage form, including either capsule, tablet, or sachet method for administering the beads.

Oral pulsed dose drug delivery system

Water-swellable, cross-linked, bead copolymers of (A) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic acid anhydride, glycidyl or succinimide group, (B) a comonomer having at least two radical-polymerizable carbon double bonds, and (C) a radical-polymerizable water-soluble comonomer are disclosed to be excellent carriers capable of bonding with biologically active substances such as enzymes, enzyme substrates, inhibitors, hormones, antibiotics, antigens, and peptides.

Water-swellable, bead copolymer

What is disclosed is a method for the free-radical polymerization, at a temperature between 0° C. and 100° C. using ultraviolet light, of a material to be polymerized which comprises at least one unsaturated monomer, which method comprises adding an ultraviolet absorber which is only weakly effective or is inert as a free-radical initiator to the material to be polymerized, initiating polymerization of the material in an initiation phase by irradiation thereof with ultraviolet light, controlling the further course of the polymerization in a polymerization phase by increasing the intensity of the irradiating ultraviolet light with time, and concluding the polymerization by irradiation with ultraviolet light in a terminal phase, said ultraviolet absorber absorbing in the wavelength region of the irradiating ultraviolet light.

Polymerization method using ultraviolet light

The method of forming an anti-fogging coating on an optical surface by applying a solution of a hydrophilic film-forming resin in a water-miscible organic solvent to said surface to form a coating thereon and then drying and hardening said coating, said hydrophilic resin comprising: (A) AN ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED POLYMERIZABLE MONOMER HAVING A SALT-FORMING OR SALT GROUP THEREIN; (B) AT LEAST ONE MONOMER WHICH IS AN ESTER FORMED BETWEEN ACRYLIC ACID OR METHACRYLIC ACID AND AN ALCOHOL HAVING 1 TO 4 CARBON ATOMS, THE MONOMER OR MONOMER MIXTURE FORMING BY ITSELF A POLYMER OR COPOLYMER HAVING A T max-value between 30*C. and 80*C.; and (C) AN OPTIONAL CROSS-LINKING COMPONENT; INCLUDING THE STEP OF NEUTRALIZING SALT-FORMING GROUPS, IF PRESENT IN COMPONENT (A), AFTER FORMATION OF THE COATING, TO FORM SALT GROUPS THEREFROM; SAID RESIN, IN THE FORM OF A LAYER 30 TO 50 MICRONS THICK, SWELLING IN WATER AT 20*C. within 3 minutes to a volume 20 to 300 percent greater than its original volume. An optical surface having such an anti-fogging coating thereon.

Anti-fogging hydrophilic resin coatings

Polymers adaptable to use as pour point lowering additives for petroleum oils, said polymers comprising as comonomers therein (a) from 10 to 30 mole percent of methyl methacrylate, (b) from 10 to 70 mole percent of alkyl methacrylates having linear alkyl groups with from 16 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, (c) from 10 to 80 mole percent of alkyl methacrylates having linear alkyl groups with from 4 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and/or having branched alkyl groups with from 4 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, (d) from 0 to 30 mole percent of a free-radically polymerizable nitrogen-containing monomer having dispersing action, and petroleum oils containing such polymers as pour point lowering additives.

Pour point improving additives for mineral oils

Polyalkyl acrylates and methacrylates, suitable for improvement of the viscosity index, are used as oil additives imparting improved dispersant and detergent effects in diesel and gasoline engines, said polyalkyl acrylates or methacrylates being copolymers comprising from 80 to 99.5 parts by weight of alkyl acrylates of methacrylates of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or methyl and R 1 is alkyl having from 6 to 24, and preferably from 8 to 20, carbon atoms, together with from 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of at least one functionalized alkyl methacrylate of the formula ##STR2## wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl and R 2 is alkyl having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and substituted with at least one OH group, or is a polyalkoxylated group of the formula ##STR3## wherein R 3 and R 4 are hydrogen or methyl, R 5 is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms, and n in an integer from 1 to 60, the sum of the monomers of formulas (I) and (II) being 100 parts by weight, and optionally further comprising from 0 to 20 parts by weight of one or more monomers of the formula ##STR4## wherein R" is hydrogen or methyl and R 6 is alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Such copolymers are conveniently prepared by copolymerization, advantageously in an oil-compatible vehicle in the presence of an olefin copolymer to form a concentrated emulsion additive.

Horst Dr. Pennewiss

Papers

Water-swellable, bead copolymer

Polymerization method using ultraviolet light

Anti-fogging hydrophilic resin coatings

Pour point improving additives for mineral oils

Viscosity index improver having detergent properties