Carboxymethyl cellulose/carboxylated graphene oxide composite microbeads for efficient adsorption of cationic methylene blue dye

Background Pickering emulsions stabilized by solid particles have captured a growing interest recently due to their outstanding stability. Among various solid stabilizers, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) mainly from agricultural and forestry wastes have emerged as promising materials in Pickering emulsions application due to their favorable properties such as nanostructure, high aspect ratio, biocompatibility, amphiphilicity, low toxicity, and renewability. Scope and approach In this review, the source and extraction methods of CNCs are summarized briefly. Then, the recent advances in CNCs stabilized Pickering emulsions are highlighted, including the factors affecting the emulsification performance of CNCs itself and the synergistic effect induced by other substances. Furthermore, the food-related research, safety issue and the promising research trends of CNCs stabilized Pickering emulsions are also outlined. Key findings and conclusions The properties of CNCs mainly depend on the cellulose sources and extraction processes. The morphology, surface charge, wettability and crystalline allomorph of CNCs can influence emulsifying ability as Pickering stabilizers. The synergistic effect induced by other substances (i.e. polysaccharide, protein, polyphenol, lignin, surfactant, and inorganic particle) increases potential of CNCs in Pickering emulsions application. The food-related research of CNCs stabilized Pickering emulsions currently focuses on delivering bioactive compounds, improving stability and controlling lipid digestion. Future studies could devote more efforts to effective and green extraction of CNCs, revealing stabilization mechanism in a multicomponent system and developing functional applications of CNCs-based Pickering emulsions. In addition, the safety assessment involving CNCs and their stabilized emulsions deserves more attention for food-related applications.

Recent advances on cellulose nanocrystals for Pickering emulsions: Development and challenge

Extraction and comparison of cellulose nanocrystals from lemon (Citrus limon) seeds using sulfuric acid hydrolysis and oxidation methods.

Recent advances on composite hydrogels designed for the remediation of dye-contaminated water and wastewater: A review

Recovery of high value-added compounds from pineapple, melon, watermelon and pumpkin processing by-products: An overview.

Synthesis and response of pineapple peel carboxymethyl cellulose-g-poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/graphene oxide hydrogels

Green pH/magnetic sensitive hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol: synthesis, characterization and naringin prolonged release

Developing green and facile synthesis techniques for biomaterials has been widely advocated recently. In this study, we report a green and facile approach to prepare pineapple peel cellulose/magnetic diatomite hydrogels in an environmentally benign ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride. The structure, swelling and methylene blue (MB) adsorption of the prepared hydrogels were investigated. The results of FTIR, XRD and SEM confirmed the successful embedment and dispersion of m-DE in hydrogel networks. The TG results indicated the improvement of thermal stability due to the presence of m-DE. The VSM results showed the superparamagnetic nature of the prepared hydrogels endowed by m-DE. Moreover, an appropriate addition of m-DE could enhance the swelling ability and MB adsorption capacity of the hydrogels. The MB adsorption process was fast (reaching equilibrium in 30 min) and fitted well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 101.94 mg/g, obviously higher than the hydrogel prepared without m-DE addition (75.87 mg/g). Furthermore, the prepared hydrogels exhibited a good stability and reusability for MB adsorption. This work presents an alternative for the green construction and enhanced performance of cellulose-based hydrogels.

Huan Zhang

Papers

Recent advances on cellulose nanocrystals for Pickering emulsions: Development and challenge

Extraction and comparison of cellulose nanocrystals from lemon (Citrus limon) seeds using sulfuric acid hydrolysis and oxidation methods.

Synthesis and response of pineapple peel carboxymethyl cellulose-g-poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/graphene oxide hydrogels

Green pH/magnetic sensitive hydrogels based on pineapple peel cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol: synthesis, characterization and naringin prolonged release

Green and facile fabrication of pineapple peel cellulose/magnetic diatomite hydrogels in ionic liquid for methylene blue adsorption