There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Preface.- Contributors.- List of Abbreviations.- Section 1: Basic Principles: Introduction.-Sources of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soils.- Chemistry of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soils.- Methods for the Determination of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soils.- Effects of Heavy Metals and Metalloids on Soil Organisms.- Soil-Plant Relationships of Heavy Metals and Metalloids.- Heavy Metals and Metalloids as Micronutrients for Plants and Animals.-Critical Loads of Heavy Metals for Soils.- Section 2: Key Heavy Metals And Metalloids: Arsenic.- Cadmium.- Chromium and Nickel.- Cobalt and Manganese.- Copper.-Lead.- Mercury.- Selenium.- Zinc.- Section 3: Other Heavy Metals And Metalloids Of Potential Environmental Significance: Antimony.- Barium.- Gold.- Molybdenum.- Silver.- Thallium.- Tin.- Tungsten.- Uranium.- Vanadium.- Glossary of Specialized Terms.- Index.

Heavy metals in soils : trace metals and metalloids in soils and their bioavailability

New generation adsorbents for water treatment.

Among various water purification and recycling technologies, adsorption is a fast, inexpensive and universal method. The development of low-cost adsorbents has led to the rapid growth of research interests in this field. The present protocol describes salient features of adsorption and details experimental methodologies for the development and characterization of low-cost adsorbents, water treatment and recycling using adsorption technology including batch processes and column operations. The protocol describes the development of inexpensive adsorbents from waste materials, which takes only 1-2 days, and an adsorption process taking 15-120 min for the removal of pollutants. The applications of batch and column processes are discussed, along with suggestions to make this technology more popular and applicable.

/pdf/advances-in-water-treatment-by-adsorption-technology-jevlg7pb9w.pdf

Advances in water treatment by adsorption technology

Low cost adsorbents for the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater.

s, 7th Symposium on Handling of Environmental and Biological Samples in Chromatography, 7–10 May 1995, Lund, Sweden. 143. J. E. Lawrence, Abstracts, 7th Symposium on Handling of Environmental and Biological Samples in Chromatography, 7–10 May 1995, Lund, Sweden. 182 Chiral Pollutants: Distribution, Toxicity and Analysis 144. M. Notar and H. Leskovsek, Abstracts, 7th Symposium on Handling of Environmental and Biological Samples in Chromatography, 7–10 May 1995, Lund, Sweden. 145. J. S. Ho, P. H. Tan, J. W. Eichelberger and W. L. Budde, Natl. Meet. Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Environ. Chem. 33, 313 (1993). 146. I. J. Barnabas, J. R. Dean, S. M. Hitchen and S. P. Owen, J. Chromatogr. A 665, 307 (1994). 147. J. Hedrick and L. T. Taylor, Anal. Chem. 61, 1986 (1989). 148. I. J. Barnabas, J. R. Dean, S. M. Hitchen and S. P. Owen, Anal. Chim. Acta 291, 261 (1994). 149. D. Puig and D. Barcelo, J. Chromatogr. A 673, 55 (1994). 150. R. Alzaga, G. Durand, D. Barcelo and M. J. Bayona, Chromatographia 38, 502 (1994). 151. S. Bengtsson and A. Ramberg, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 33, 554 (1995). 152. E. Dabek-Zlotorzynska, R. Aranda-Rodriguez and K. Keppel-Jones, Electrophoresis 22, 4262 (2001). 153. P. R. Haddad, P. Doble and M. Macka, J. Chromatogr. A 856, 145 (1999). 154. J. S. Fritz and M. Macka, J. Chromatogr. A 902, 137 (2000). 155. S. Pedersen-Bjegaard, K. E. Rasmussen and T. G. Halvorsen, J. Chromatogr. A 896, 95 (2000). 156. R. E. Major, LC–GC 13, 364 (1995). 157. M. Knutsson, L. Mathiasson and J. A. Jönnson, Abstracts, 7th Symposium on Handling of Environmental and Biological Samples in Chromatography, 7–10 May 1995, Lund, Sweden. 158. Y. Shen, V. Obuseng, L. Grönberg and J. A. Jönsson, Abstracts, 7th Symposium on Handling of Environmental and Biological Samples in Chromatography, 7–10 May 1995, Lund, Sweden. 159. T. Buttler, Abstracts, 7th Symposium on Handling of Environmental and Biological Samples in Chromatography, 7–10 May 1995, Lund, Sweden. 160. R. E. Majors, LC–GC 13, 542 (1995). 161. J. Faller, H. Hühnerfuss, W. A. König, R. Krebber and P. Ludwig, Environ. Sci. Technol. 25, 676 (1991). 162. S. Bengtsson, T. Bergloef, S. Grant and G. Jonsaell, Pestic. Sci. 41, 55 (1994). 163. S. Chiron, A. Fernandez-Alba and D. Barcelo, Environ. Sci. Technol. 27, 2352 (1993). 164. L. J. Ezzell and B. E. Richter, J. Microcol. Sepn. 4, 319 (1993). 165. O. Heemken, N. Theobald and B. Wenclawiak, Anal. Chem. 69, 2171 (1997). 166. J. R. Dean, Anal. Commun. 33, 191 (1996). 167. J. R. Dean, A. Santamaria-Rekondo and E. Ludkin, Anal. Commun. 33, 413–416 (1996). 168. N. Saim, J. R. Dean, M. P. Abdullah and Z. Zakaria, J. Chromatogr. A 791, 361 (1997). Sample Preparation 183 169. K. Li, M. Landriault, M. Fingas and M. Llompart, in Proceedings of the 15th Technical Seminar on Chemical Spills, Environment Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, 1998, pp. 115–128. 170. M. M. Schantz, J. J. Nichols and S. A. Wise, Anal. Chem. 69, 4210 (1997). 171. J. L. Ezzell, B. E. Richter and E. Francis, Am. Environ. Lab. 8, 12 (1996). 172. K. D. Wenzel, A. Hubert, M. Manz, L. Weissflog, W. Engewald and G. Schüürmann, Anal. Chem. 70, 4827 (1998). 173. J. Fischer, M. Scarlett and A. Stoit, Environ. Sci. Technol. 31, 1120 (1997). 174. B. Debrunner, Chimia 50, 305 (1996). 175. S. J. Lehotay and C. H. Lee, J. Chromatogr. A 785, 313 (1997). 176. J. Ezzell, Am. Environ. Lab. 10, 24 (1998). 177. H. Obana, K. Kikuchi, M. Okihashi and S. Hori, Analyst 122, 217 (1997).

Chiral Pollutants: Distribution, Toxicity and Analysis by Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis: Ali/Chiral Pollutants

The chiral resolution by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is controlled by a number of parameters. The optimization of HPLC parameters is an important issue in chiral resolution. This review discusses the optimization of HPLC conditions for the chiral resolution of racemic drugs on polysaccharides and macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotic chiral stationary phases (CSPs). The most important parameters discussed are composition of mobile phase, pH of mobile phase, flow rate, temperature and effect of other parameters.

Optimization strategies for HPLC enantioseparation of racemic drugs using polysaccharides and macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotic chiral stationary phases

Studies on the effect of alcohols on the chiral discrimination mechanisms of amylose stationary phase on the enantioseparation of nebivolol by HPLC.

Comparative study of the enantiomeric resolution of chiral antifungal drugs econazole, miconazole and sulconazole by HPLC on various cellulose chiral columns in normal phase mode.

The chiral resolution of some clinically used drugs namely metoprolol, teratolol, tolamolol, nebivolol (β-adrenergic blockers), econazole, miconazole (anti-fungal agents), cromakalim (anti-hypertensive agent) and etodolac (anti-inflammatory agent) was achieved on cellulose tris (3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase. The mobile phase used was 2-propanol at 0.5 mL/min with detection at 220 nm. The separation factors (α) of these drugs ranged from 1.24 to 3.90 while the resolution factors were from 1.05 to 5.0. The chiral recognition mechanisms between the racemates and the chiral selector are discussed. Copyright ­© 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Imran Ali

Papers

Chiral Pollutants: Distribution, Toxicity and Analysis by Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis: Ali/Chiral Pollutants

Optimization strategies for HPLC enantioseparation of racemic drugs using polysaccharides and macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotic chiral stationary phases

Studies on the effect of alcohols on the chiral discrimination mechanisms of amylose stationary phase on the enantioseparation of nebivolol by HPLC.

Comparative study of the enantiomeric resolution of chiral antifungal drugs econazole, miconazole and sulconazole by HPLC on various cellulose chiral columns in normal phase mode.

Enantioseparation of some clinically used drugs by HPLC using cellulose Tris (3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phase.