Iqbal Hossain

TL;DR: An overview of microbial biofilm reactors developed over the last half-century is provided, including moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), trickling filter (TF) reactor, rotating biological contactor (RBC), membrane bio Film Reactor (MBfR), passive aeration simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (PASND), for their applications in high-strength wastewater treatment of not only removing carbon, nitrogen, sulphur but also a variety of oxidized contaminants.

TL;DR: This study evaluates a passively aerated simultaneous nitrification and denitrification performing biofilm to treat concentrated wastewater and identified Candidatus competibacter and nitrifying bacteria as key microbes involved in COD and N-removal, respectively.

TL;DR: It is suggested that wastewater treatment plant operators can convert activated sludge systems readily into a "passive aeration" biofilm that avoids costly oxygen transfer to bulk wastewater solution and provides an opportunity to be coupled with novel nitrogen removal processes such as anammox.

TL;DR: Overall, the combination of low-energy requirement for air supply (no compressed air supply) and the low excess sludge production rate could make this novel "GAO drained biofilm" process one of the most economical ways of biological organic carbon removal from wastewater.

TL;DR: As high-energy aeration of the bulk solution for oxygen supply is completely avoided, the energy requirement of the proposed PASND biofilm reactor can be theoretically cut down to more than 50% compared to the traditional activated sludge process.