Ira Collerain

TL;DR: Laboratory rats avoided the arm of a T-maze in which other rats had previously experienced frustrativeNonreward, i.e., nonreward in the presence of cues associated with reward, thus supporting the proposition that frustrated rats excrete an odor mildly aversive to conspecifics.

TL;DR: A hurdle-jump escape response was employed to assess the laboratory rat’s aversion or attraction to different types of conspecific odor, and relationships of the data to frustration theory were discussed, assuming that inferred differences in production of odor reflect differences in frustration reaction.

TL;DR: The initial response to frustration odor was avoidance, though it took a few trials to develop, and changes in response direction appeared to result from altered perception or interpretation of the odor rather than changed responsivity or alterations in the odor product itself.

TL;DR: In this paper, three groups of 12 rats received acquisition trials in an alley to a one-pellet reward (G-) followed by extinction trials, where Ss were placed on a feeding surface holding 12 pellets (Groups S12 and C12) or one pellet (Group S1).