EIGHT members of the Yale Institute of Human Relations have co-operated to produce this book The result is not a mere juxtaposition of uncoordinated viewpoints but a unity of aim and consistency in presentation which make the multiple authorship almost undetectable Whatever judgment one may make about the value of the hypothesis elaborated in the book, there can be little doubt that the intimate collaboration of a team of specialists, each with a distinctive training, is a profitable way of examining a problem which has no clear-cut frontiers and which does not fall neatly into one of the conventional compartments of social study Frustration and Aggression By John Dollard Neal E Miller Leonard W Doob O H Mowrer Robert R Sears, in collaboration with Clellan S Ford, Carl Iver Hovland and Richard T Sollenberger (International Library of Sociology and Social Reconstruction) Pp ix + 150 (London: Kegan Paul and Co, Ltd, 1944) 10s 6d net

Frustration and Aggression

Historically, management theory has ignored the constraints imposed by the biophysical (natural) environment. Building upon resource-based theory, this article attempts to fill this void by proposing a natural-resource-based view of the firm—a theory of competitive advantage based upon the firm's relationship to the natural environment. It is composed of three interconnected strategies: pollution prevention, product stewardship, and sustainable development. Propositions are advanced for each of these strategies regarding key resource requirements and their contributions to sustained competitive advantage.

A natural resource-based view of the firm

Entrepreneurial intention is a rapidly evolving field of research. A growing number of studies use entrepreneurial intention as a powerful theoretical framework. However, a substantial part of this research lacks systematization and categorization, and there seems to be a tendency to start anew with every study. Therefore, there is a need to take stock of current knowledge in this field. In this sense, this paper carries out a review of the literature on entrepreneurial intentions. A total of 409 papers addressing entrepreneurial intention, published between 2004 and 2013 (inclusive), have been analyzed. The purpose and contribution of this paper is to offer a clearer picture of the sub-fields in entrepreneurial intention research, by concentrating on two aspects. Firstly, it reviews recent research by means of a citation analysis to categorize the main areas of specialization currently attracting the attention of the academic community. Secondly, a thematic analysis is carried out to identify the specific themes being researched within each category. Despite the large number of publications and their diversity, the present study identifies five main research areas, plus an additional sixth category for a number of new research papers that cannot be easily classified into the five areas. Within those categories, up to twenty-five different themes are recognized. A number of research gaps are singled out within each of these areas of specialization, in order to induce new ways and perspectives in the entrepreneurial intention field of research that may be fruitful in filling these gaps.

A systematic literature review on entrepreneurial intentions: citation, thematic analyses, and research agenda

Drawing on institutional theory and the model of entrepreneurial action, we build and test a multilevel model on the outcomes of entrepreneurship education. Essentially, we suggest that entrepreneurship education has stronger relationships with subsequent entrepreneurial activity in seemingly entrepreneurship-hostile institutional environments. Findings from 11,230 individuals in 32 countries support this notion. The results have implications for researchers and practitioners in the field of entrepreneurship education.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID2693255_code477857.pdf?abstractid=2693255&mirid=1

Outcomes of Entrepreneurship Education: An Institutional Perspective

The Myth of Globalization

Sustainability of the environment has become pivotal in the modern world, and there have been enormous efforts by the world leaders and organizations to reduce the effects of hazardous production on the environment. This has led companies to implement pro-environment programs and work on sustainability to shift consumption from conventional products to green products. This study incorporates green trust, environmental concerns, and intrinsic religious orientation as a moderator into the theory of planned behavior. It aims to validate the theory of planned behavior and its extended form to predict Pakistani consumers' eco-conscious behavior, and simultaneously assess the moderating effect of intrinsic religious orientation on consumers' attitude towards green products. The data for the study was collected from 300 respondents through purposive sampling from Karachi, the metropolitan city of Pakistan. Structural equation model (SEM) was applied to test the proposed hypotheses. The results of SEM indicate that all paths in the model are significant, except the path from attitude towards green products to eco-conscious behavior. The results also indicate that intrinsic religious orientation has no moderating effect on the green trust and attitude towards green products. This study contributes to understand the effects of new constructs in the theory of planned behavior and their relationship with other variables in the model. It also provides theoretical and managerial implications to academics and marketing professionals for understanding and promoting eco-conscious consumer behavior.

Predicting eco-conscious consumer behavior using theory of planned behavior in Pakistan

The energy sector is one of the most prominent sectors in the development of nations. The scarcity of energy in developing nations urged the government and private sector to consider the efficient resources of energy. Energy-efficient appliances help to reduce the consumption of energy and fulfill consumers’ utilitarian needs. The purpose of this study is to empirically evaluate consumers’ purchase intention of energy-efficient appliances. The study employed convenience and quota based on the age sampling technique to select the participants of the study in one of the developing countries (Pakistan). Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) has been applied to test the hypothesized relationships among the constructs. In findings, knowledge of eco-labels, environmental concern, attitude, and perceived consumer effectiveness were found important antecedents of consumers’ purchase intention. Further, the findings provide environmental strategist with meaningful insight into the critical role that knowledge of eco-labels and environmental concern play in achieving energy-efficiency through the use of energy-efficient appliances.

Promoting environmentally sustainable consumption behavior: an empirical evaluation of purchase intention of energy-efficient appliances

Graduates from business schools are outnumbering jobs. There is a strong need to encourage individuals to start their own businesses, which will create opportunities not only for themselves but also for others. This research paper enumerates the challenges faced by the entrepreneurs. Seven characteristics have been identified leading to strong entrepreneurial drive. In addition, business incubation with a specific context of Saudi Arabian economy has been discussed, since business incubation provides an immaculate support system for fresh entrepreneurs; Saudi Arabia embarks the transition from conventional economy into a knowledge-based economy through BADIR programme for technology incubators. This implies improving the national innovation capacity and developing an ecosystem for technopreneurship.

Entrepreneurship education: a review of challenges, characteristics and opportunities

Consumers’ interest is accelerating toward environmentally sustainable products, which are commonly known as green products. Companies use greenwash to attract environmentally conscious consumers. The effects of greenwash have been studied on green purchase behavior of consumers along with green brand image, green brand love, and green brand loyalty as mediating variables. Consumers having experience of using any of the green products have been targeted for data collection. This empirical study has been tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). It has been proved that greenwash negatively affects the green purchase behavior of consumers. Furthermore, green brand image, green brand love, and green brand loyalty positively affect green purchase behavior, whereas they are negatively influenced by greenwash. Greenwash directly as well as indirectly negatively affects green purchase behavior. Firms must obtain consumers’ trust by diminishing greenwash and promoting green brand image, green brand love, and green brand loyalty, which can lead the consumers toward their green purchase behavior. This study can be potential in making firms competitive in the era of growing consumers' concerns about environmentally sustainable products.

Greenwash and green purchase behavior: an environmentally sustainable perspective

In the era of industrial revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0), sustainability has been a serious challenge of contemporary small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Using Natural Resource-Based-View (NRBV), the current paper examines the moderated mediation model of the role of information access in the sustainability of SMEs, through the mediating role of access to resource and innovation capability in the relationship between information access and sustainability, and the moderating role of management commitment in the relationship between innovation capability and SME sustainability. This paper gathered data from 222 SMEs in Pakistan. The study used a purposive sampling technique to distribute the survey questionnaire. Smart-PLS software was used to analyze the data. The study finding indicates that access to information affects both sustainability and innovation capability. Moreover, access to resources affects innovation capability, though it did not affect SME sustainability. Furthermore, innovation capability mediates the relationship between access to resources, access to information, and SME sustainability. Additionally, management commitment moderates the relationship between access to information and innovation capability; however, it does not moderate the relationship between access to resources and innovation capability. Practical, theoretical, and methodological implications are discussed in the study.

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Resource and Information Access for SME Sustainability in the Era of IR 4.0: The Mediating and Moderating Roles of Innovation Capability and Management Commitment

Irfan Hameed

Papers

Predicting eco-conscious consumer behavior using theory of planned behavior in Pakistan

Promoting environmentally sustainable consumption behavior: an empirical evaluation of purchase intention of energy-efficient appliances

Entrepreneurship education: a review of challenges, characteristics and opportunities

Greenwash and green purchase behavior: an environmentally sustainable perspective

Resource and Information Access for SME Sustainability in the Era of IR 4.0: The Mediating and Moderating Roles of Innovation Capability and Management Commitment