In this paper, the concept of social capital is introduced and illustrated, its forms are described, the social structural conditions under which it arises are examined, and it is used in an analys...

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Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital

The era of Big Data has begun. Computer scientists, physicists, economists, mathematicians, political scientists, bio-informaticists, sociologists, and other scholars are clamoring for access to the massive quantities of information produced by and about people, things, and their interactions. Diverse groups argue about the potential benefits and costs of analyzing genetic sequences, social media interactions, health records, phone logs, government records, and other digital traces left by people. Significant questions emerge. Will large-scale search data help us create better tools, services, and public goods? Or will it usher in a new wave of privacy incursions and invasive marketing? Will data analytics help us understand online communities and political movements? Or will it be used to track protesters and suppress speech? Will it transform how we study human communication and culture, or narrow the palette of research options and alter what ‘research’ means? Given the rise of Big Data as a socio-tech...

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Critical questions for big data

Despite increasing attention on the topic of empowerment, our under-standing of the construct and its underlying processes remains limited. This article addresses these shortcomings by providing an analytical treatment of the construct and by integrating the diverse approaches to empowerment found in both the management and psychology literatures. In addition, the authors identify certain antecedent conditions of powerlessness and practices that have been hypothesized to empower subordinates.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/258093.pdf

The Empowerment Process: Integrating Theory and Practice

The demarcation of science from other intellectual activities-long an analytic problem for philosophers and sociologists-is here examined as a practical problem for scientists. Construction of a boundary between science and varieties of non-science is useful for scientists' pursuit of professional goals: acquisition of intellectual authority and career opportunities; denial of these resources to "pseudoscientists"; and protection of the autonomy of scientific research from political interference. "Boundary-work" describes an ideological style found in scientists' attempts to create a public image for science by contrasting it favorably to non-scientific intellectual or technical activities. Alternative sets of characteristics available for ideological attribution to science reflect ambivalences or strains within the institution: science can be made to look empirical or theoretical, pure or applied. However, selection of one or another description depends on which characteristics best achieve the demarcation in a way that justifies scientists' claims to authority or resources. Thus, "science" is no single thing: its boundaries are drawn and redrawn inflexible, historically changing and sometimes ambiguous ways.

Boundary-Work and the Demarcation of Science from Non-Science: Strains and Interests in Professional Ideologies of Scientists

We provide a multilevel theoretical model to understand why business organizations are increasingly engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives and thereby exhibiting the potential to exert positive social change. Our model integrates theories of organizational justice, corporate governance, and varieties of capitalism to argue that organizations are pressured to engage in CSR by many different actors, each driven by instrumental, relational, and moral motives. We conclude by highlighting empirical questions for future research and discussing some managerial implications. Economic progress, through a fair and open world trading system is essential to tackle poverty and ensure a safer more secure world for everyone now and for future generations. The challenges remain of ensuring that the benefits of that progress reach all sectors in all countries and are not at the expense of the environment (Sir Stephen Timms, U.K. Minister for CSR, Royal In

/pdf/putting-the-s-back-in-corporate-social-responsibility-a-27b7np4a85.pdf

Putting the S back in corporate social responsibility: A multilevel theory of social change in organizations

Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms.

Part 1 The enlightenment: the enlightenment - philosophical foundations Montesquieu (1689-1755) Rousseau (1712-1778) perfectibility through education - Rousseau's "Emile" and "Sophy" Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797). Part 2 Post-revolutionary thought: the Romantic-Conservative reaction Bonald and Maistre Saint-Simon (1760-1825) Auguste Comte (1798-1857) Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) Harriet Martineau (1802-1876) Harriet Taylor (1807-1858) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). Part 3 The Marxian watershed: the philosophical orientations of Karl Marx (1864-1920) the new Machiavelians - Pareto, Mosca, and Michels Gaetano Mosca (1858-1941) Robert Michels (1876-1936) Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) Karl Mannheim (1893-1947).

Ideology and the Development of Sociological Theory

Feel lonely? What about reading books? Book is one of the greatest friends to accompany while in your lonely time. When you have no friends and activities somewhere and sometimes, reading book can be a great choice. This is not only for spending the time, it will increase the knowledge. Of course the b=benefits to take will relate to what kind of book that you are reading. And now, we will concern you to try reading dilemmas of democracy tocqueville and modernization as one of the reading material to finish quickly.

Irving M. Zeitlin

Papers

Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms.

Ideology and the Development of Sociological Theory

Dilemmas of Democracy: Tocqueville and Modernization.

Rethinking Sociology: A critique of Contemporary Theory

Ideology and the Development of Sociological Theory.