http://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/2012_Soenensetal_JoA.pdf

Perceived parental psychological control and adolescent depressive experiences: a cross-cultural study with Belgian and South-Korean adolescents.

Asian students on average not only performed better than other ethnic groups as documented in multinational achievement tests, but also in general showed more negative emotions and test anxiety. We argued that this seemingly paradoxical achievement pattern was rooted in the endorsement of social-oriented achievement motivation (SOAM) among Asian students. Within SOAM, academic achievement is construed as an obligation to parents and significant others. This research tested if Chinese students endorsing SOAM would indeed show goal endorsement, emotions, and behavioral tendency that typify obligatory endeavors in academic settings. First, endorsing SOAM indeed was associated with viewing academic achievement as indicative of a person’s obligation (Study 1); the stronger the individuals held this link, the more they felt guilty and a failure when they met with academic setbacks (Study 2); endorsing SOAM was associated with experiencing anxiety in taking examination (test anxiety; Studies 4 and 5) and feeling...

/pdf/when-academic-achievement-is-an-obligation-perspectives-from-1r4jye16n3.pdf

When Academic Achievement Is an Obligation: Perspectives From Social-Oriented Achievement Motivation

Family, Parent-Child Relationship, and Academic Achievement in Korea

Social skills training and parent education programs for aggressive preschoolers and their parents in South Korea

This research investigated the influence of child characteristics, parenting behaviours and teacher-child relationships in order to ascertain peer victimization among 297 Korean preschool children. Peer victimization, child social behaviours and teacher-child relationships were assessed through teacher reports. Parents completed parenting behaviour questionnaires. Results suggested independent contributions from neglectful/rejected parenting, aggression, withdrawal and conflict in teacher-child relationships. Moreover, parental neglect/rejection moderated the association between aggression and peer victimization. Implications of the results for intervention initiatives are discussed.

Peer Victimization in Korean Preschool Children: The Effects of Child Characteristics, Parenting Behaviours and Teacher-Child Relationships.

Les recherches sur les valeurs que les parents attribuent aux enfants se demandent pourquoi les gens decident ou non d’avoir des enfants et s’interessent au nombre d’enfants qu’ils choisissent d’avoir. On decrit dans la premiere partie de cet article la relation parents-enfants traditionnelle, la structure familiale et les changements sociaux qui se sont produits ces cinquante dernieres annees en Coree du sud. On presente dans la deuxieme partie les resultats de l’etude de 1972 sur les valeurs attribuees aux enfants realisee en Coree du sud (Lee & Kim, 1975). Dans la derniere partie, on expose une recherche empirique sud-coreenne portant sur un echantillon de 314 jeunes meres et 395 meres plus âgees. Il apparait que les benefices psychologiques sont les raisons majeures qui justifient le choix d’avoir un enfant et que les contraintes personnelles et financieres sont les motifs dominants de ne pas en avoir. Ces resultats mettent en defaut les modeles economiques et utilitaires et soulignent l’importance des facteurs psychologiques, relationnels et culturels.



Research on parents’ attribution of value to children examines why people decide to have children or not and the number of children they choose to have. In the first part of this paper, the traditional parent–child relationship, family structure, and social changes that have occurred in South Korea during the past 50 years are reviewed. In the second section, the results of the 1972 Values of Children Study conducted in South Korea (Lee & Kim, 1975) are reviewed. In the final section, an empirical study conducted in South Korea with a sample of 314 young mothers and 395 older mothers is reported. The results indicate that psychological benefits are the most important reasons for having a child and personal and financial constraints are the most important reasons for not having a child. These results challenge the economic and utilitarian models and suggest the importance of understanding the psychological, relational, and cultural factors.

Values of Children, Parent–Child Relationship, and Social Change in Korea: Indigenous, Cultural, and Psychological Analysis

We argue that national identification can be framed temporally, such that people may differently identify with their nation's past or present. Further, we argue that temporal national identification has important consequences for attitudes towards social changes. Within this new theoretical framing, we tested the empirical separability and predictive utility of past national identification and present national identification in South Korea and Australia. Results showed that, in both countries, past and present national identifications are correlated but empirically distinct constructs, which independently contribute to general national identification. Past and present national identifications were also shown to be grounded in distinct notions of national continuity. Most importantly, in both countries, present national identification positively predicted favourable attitudes towards social changes and globalization, whereas past national identification negatively predicted these attitudes. These findings suggest that temporally framed national identification is an important construct in the domain of social identification and in research on social changes and globalization. © 2014 Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd with the Asian Association of Social Psychology and the Japanese Group Dynamics Association.

Jaisun Koo

Papers

Values of Children, Parent–Child Relationship, and Social Change in Korea: Indigenous, Cultural, and Psychological Analysis

The temporal dimension of national identification: An empirical investigation in South Korea and Australia