Experience and Educationis the best concise statement on education ever published by John Dewey, the man acknowledged to be the pre-eminent educational theorist of the twentieth century. Written more than two decades after Democracy and Education(Dewey's most comprehensive statement of his position in educational philosophy), this book demonstrates how Dewey reformulated his ideas as a result of his intervening experience with the progressive schools and in the light of the criticisms his theories had received. Analysing both "traditional" and "progressive" education, Dr. Dewey here insists that neither the old nor the new education is adequate and that each is miseducative because neither of them applies the principles of a carefully developed philosophy of experience. Many pages of this volume illustrate Dr. Dewey's ideas for a philosophy of experience and its relation to education. He particularly urges that all teachers and educators looking for a new movement in education should think in terms of the deeped and larger issues of education rather than in terms of some divisive "ism" about education, even such an "ism" as "progressivism." His philosophy, here expressed in its most essential, most readable form, predicates an American educational system that respects all sources of experience, on that offers a true learning situation that is both historical and social, both orderly and dynamic.

经验与教育 = Experience and education

BIOE 402. Medical Technology Assessment. 2 or 3 hours. Bioentrepreneur course. Assessment of medical technology in the context of commercialization. Objectives, competition, market share, funding, pricing, manufacturing, growth, and intellectual property; many issues unique to biomedical products. Course Information: 2 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Prerequisite(s): Junior standing or above and consent of the instructor.

“Bioinformatics” 특집을 내면서

What Video Games Have to Teach Us about Learning and Literacy

Doing qualitative research: a practical handbook, by David Silverman, Los Angeles, Sage, 2010, 456 pp., AU$65.00, ISBN 978-1-84860-033-1, ISBN 978-1-94960-034-8. Available in Australia and New Zeal...

Doing qualitative research: a practical handbook

Cell phones and other portable devices are equipped with a variety of technologies by which existing functionality can be improved, and new functionality can be provided. Some relate to visual search capabilities, and determining appropriate actions responsive to different image inputs. Others relate to processing of image data. Still others concern metadata generation, processing, and representation. Yet others relate to coping with fixed focus limitations of cell phone cameras, e.g., in reading digital watermark data. Still others concern user interface improvements. A great number of other features and arrangements are also detailed.

Methods and Systems for Content Processing

For the past two years the Moving Pictures Expert Group (MPEG), a working group of ISO/IEC, have been developing MPEG-7 [1], the "Multimedia Content Description Interface", a standard for describing multimedia content. The goal of this standard is to develop a rich set of standardized tools to enable both humans and machines to generate and understand audiovisual descriptions which can be used to enable fast efficient retrieval from digital archives (pull applications) as well as filtering of streamed audiovisual broadcasts on the Internet (push applications). MPEG-7 is intended to describe audiovisual information regardless of storage, coding, display, transmission, medium, or technology. It will address a wide variety of media types including: still pictures, graphics, 3D models, audio, speech, video, and combinations of these (e.g., multimedia presentations). MPEG-7 is due for completion in October 2001. At this stage MPEG-7 definitions (description schemes and descriptors) are expressed solely in XML Schema [2-4]. XML Schema has been ideal for expressing the syntax, structural, cardinality and datatyping constraints required by MPEG-7. However it has become increasingly clear that in order to make MPEG-7 accessible, re-usable and interoperable with other domains then the semantics of the MPEG-7 metadata terms also need to be expressed in an ontology using a machine-understandable language. This paper describes the trials and tribulations of building such an ontology represented in RDF Schema [5] and demonstrates how this ontology can be exploited and reused by other communities on the semantic web (such as TV-Anytime [6], MPEG-21 [7], NewsML [8], museum, educational and geospatial domains) to enable the inclusion and exchange of multimedia content through a common understanding of the associated MPEG-7 multimedia content descriptions.

https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:7845/swws.pdf

Adding multimedia to the semantic web: building an MPEG-7 ontology

This paper describes the latest version of the ABC metadata model. This model has been developed within the Harmony international digital library project to provide a common conceptual model to facilitate interoperability between metadata ontologies from different domains. This updated ABC model is the result of collaboration with the CIMI consortium whereby earlier versions of the ABC model were applied to metadata descriptions of complex objects provided by CIMI museums and libraries. The result is a metadata model with more logically grounded time and entity semantics. Based on this model we have been able to build a metadata repository of RDF descriptions and a search interface which is capable of more sophisticated queries than less-expressive, object-centric metadata models will allow.

/pdf/the-abc-ontology-and-model-cjh6ixn2yw.pdf

The ABC Ontology and Model

In this paper, we argue that a core ontology is one of the key building blocks necessary to enable the scalable assimilation of information from diverse sources. A complete and extensible ontology that expresses the basic concepts that are common across a variety of domains and can provide the basis for specialization into domain-specific concepts and vocabularies, is essential for well-defined mappings between domain-specific knowledge representations (i.e., metadata vocabularies) and the subsequent building of a variety of services such as cross-domain searching, browsing, data mining and knowledge extraction. This paper describes the results of a series of three workshops held in 2001 and 2002 which brought together representatives from the cultural heritage and digital library communities with the goal of harmonizing their knowledge perspectives and producing a core ontology. The knowledge perspectives of these two communities were represented by the CIDOC/CRM [31], an ontology for information exchange in the cultural heritage and museum community, and the ABC ontology [33], a model for the exchange and integration of digital library information. This paper describes the mediation process between these two different knowledge biases and the results of this mediation - the harmonization of the ABC and CIDOC/CRM ontologies, which we believe may provide a useful basis for information integration in the wider scope of the involved communities.

/pdf/towards-a-core-ontology-for-information-integration-29jzxu1mpx.pdf

Towards a Core Ontology for Information Integration

A core ontology is one of the key building blocks necessary to enable the scalable assimilation of information from diverse multimedia sources. A complete and extensible ontology that expresses the basic concepts that are common across a variety of domains and media types and that can provide the basis for specialization into domain-specific concepts and vocabularies, is essential for well-defined mappings between domain-specific knowledge representations (i.e., metadata vocabularies) and the subsequent building of a variety of services such as cross-domain searching, tracking, browsing, data mining and knowledge acquisition. As more and more communities develop metadata application profiles which combine terms from multiple vocabularies (e.g., Dublin Core, MPEG-7, MPEG-21, CIDOC/CRM, FGDC, IMS), a core ontology will provide a common understanding of the basic entities and relationships, which is essential for semantic interoperability and the development of additional services based on deductive inferencing. In this paper, we first propose such a core ontology (the ABC model) which was developed in response to a need to integrate information from multiple genres of multimedia content within digital libraries and archives. Although the MPEG-21 RDD was influenced by the ABC model and is based on a model extremely similar to ABC, we believe that it is important to define a separate and domain-independent top-level extensible ontology for scenarios in which either MPEG-21 is irrelevant or to enable the attachment of ontologies from communities external to MPEG, for example, the museum domain (CIDOC/CRM) or the biomedical domain (ON9.3). We evaluate the ABC model's ability to mediate and integrate between multimedia metadata vocabularies by illustrating how it can provide the foundation to facilitate semantic interoperability between MPEG-7, MPEG-21 and other domain-specific metadata vocabularies. By expressing the semantics of both MPEG-7 and MPEG-21 metadata terms in RDF Schema/DAML+OIL [and eventually the Web Ontology Language (OWL)] and attaching the MPEG-7 and MPEG-21 class and property hierarchies to the appropriate top-level classes and properties of the ABC model, we have defined a single distributed machine-understandable ontology. The resulting ontology provides semantic knowledge which is nonexistent within declarative XML schemas or XML-encoded metadata descriptions. Finally, in order to illustrate how such an ontology will contribute to the interoperability of data and services across the entire multimedia content delivery chain, we describe a number of valuable services which have been developed or could potentially be developed using the resulting merged ontologies.

Enhancing the semantic interoperability of multimedia through a core ontology

The term "application profile" has recently become highly topical. Heery and Patel [1] define application profiles as metadata schemas which consist of metadata elements drawn from one or more namespaces, combined together by implementers and optimised for a particular local application. They state that the principal characteristics of an application profile are that: it may draw on one or more existing namespaces; does not introduce new metadata elements; it can specify permitted schemes and values; and it can refine standard metadata elements. Significant new initiatives such as TV-Anytime [2], MPEG-21 [3] and the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) [4] are demanding application profiles which combine elements from a number of different existing standardized metadata schemas whilst maintaining interoperability and satisfying their own specific requirements through refinements, extensions and additions. So far approaches to application profiles have been based on either RDF Schemas [5] or XML Schemas [6,7,8]. The SCHEMAS project [9] has adopted a purely RDF Schema approach. Justification for a pure XML Schema approach to application profiles is given in [10]. Despite high level assurances of unification from the W3C [11, 12], a purist and competitive attitude has prevailed amongst implementers. This has been because the demarcation of roles and the interface between these two disparate W3C Candidate Recommendations has been fuzzy; no low level details or implementations describing interface mechanisms have been provided; and implementers have been afraid of compromising interoperability. In this paper we describe a hybrid collaborative approach which combines the semantic knowledge of RDF Schemas with the explicit structural, cardinality and datatyping constraints provided by XML Schemas in a complementary manner. First we describe our view of how XML Schema and RDF Schema fit into the overall web metadata architecture. We then describe possible schema interface mechanisms. Finally using examples and mapping implementations based on XSLT and a metadata ontology, we demonstrate how interoperability between application profiles can be enhanced by using a dual schema approach.

/pdf/combining-rdf-and-xml-schemas-to-enhance-interoperability-f04mjbb5nd.pdf

Jane Hunter

Papers

Adding multimedia to the semantic web: building an MPEG-7 ontology

The ABC Ontology and Model

Towards a Core Ontology for Information Integration

Enhancing the semantic interoperability of multimedia through a core ontology

Combining RDF and XML schemas to enhance interoperability between metadata application profiles