Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

This sales letter may not influence you to be smarter, but the book that we offer will evoke you to be smarter. Yeah, at least you'll know more than others who don't. This is what called as the quality life improvisation. Why should this research methods in social relations? It's because this is your favourite theme to read. If you like this theme about, why don't you read the book to enrich your discussion?

Research methods in social relations

In his Preface the author' says that he started out to review all the more important theories upon the topics ordinarily discussed under human motivation but soon found himself more and more limited to the presentation of his own point of view. This very well characterizes the book. It is a very personal product. It is an outline with some defense of the author's own thinking about instincts and appetites and sentiments and how they function in human behavior. And as the author draws so heavily upon James and McDougall, especially the latter, the book may well be looked upon as a sort of sequel to their efforts. There is a thought-provoking distinction presented between instinct and appetite. An instinct is said to be aroused always by something in the external situation; and, correspondingly, an appetite is said to be aroused by sensations from within the body itself. This places, of course, a heavy emphasis upon the cognitive factor in all instinctive behaviors; and the author prefers to use the cognitive factor, especially the knowledge of that end-experience which will satisfy, as a means of differentiating one instinct from another. In this there is a recognized difference from McDougall who placed more emphasis for differentiation upon the emotional accompaniment. The list of instincts arrived at by this procedure is much like that of McDougall, although the author is forced by his criteria to present the possibility of food-seeking and sex and sleep operating both in the manner of an appetite and also as an instinct. The Shand-McDougall concept of sentiment is taken over and used in the explanation of moral motivation. There is the development within each personality of a sentiment for some moral principle. But this sentiment is not a very powerful motivating factor. It is reinforced by social pressures and by religion, which is treated as an effort of finite man to live in harmony with the infinite reality. Those whose psychological thinking is largely in terms of McDougall will doubtless find this volume a very satisfying expansion; but those who are at all inclined to support their psychological thinking by reference to experimental studies will not be so well pleased. The James-Lange theory, for example, is discussed without mention of the many experimental studies which it has provoked. Theoretical sources appear in general to be preferred to experimental investigations.

Human MotivationThe Mind in Action: A Study of Motives and Values. A. Campbell Garnett

An understanding of culture is important to the study of information technologies in that culture at various levels, including national, organizational, and group, can influence the successful implementation and use of information technology. Culture also plays a role in managerial processes that may directly, or indirectly, influence IT. Culture is a challenging variable to research, in part because of the multiple divergent definitions and measures of culture. Notwithstanding, a wide body of literature has emerged that sheds light on the relationship of IT and culture. This paper sets out to provide a review of this literature in order to lend insights into our understanding of the linkages between IT and culture. We begin by conceptualizing culture and laying the groundwork for a values-based approach to the examination of IT and culture. Using this approach, we then provide a comprehensive review of the organizational and cross-cultural IT literature that conceptually links these two traditionally separate streams of research. From our analysis, we develop six themes of IT-culture research emphasizing culture's impact on IT, IT's impact on culture, and IT culture. Building upon these themes, we then develop a theory of IT, values, and conflict. Based upon the theory, we develop propositions concerning three types of cultural conflict and the results of these conflicts. Ultimately, the theory suggests that the reconciliation of these conflicts results in a reorientation of values. We conclude with the particular research challenges posed in this line of inquiry.

Review: a review of culture in information systems research: toward a theory of information technology culture conflict

Information systems in supply chain integration and management

The level of end-user satisfaction with information technology (IT) has widely been accepted as an indicator of IT success. The present research synthesizes and validates the construct of IT end-user satisfaction using a meta-analysis. It accomplishes this by analysing the empirical results of 45 end-user satisfaction studies published between 1986 and 1998 and by focusing on relationships between end-user satisfaction and nine variables: perceived usefulness, ease of use, user expectations, user experience, user skills, user involvement in system development, organizational support, perceived attitude of top management toward the project and user attitude toward information systems (IS) in widely divergent settings. The present analysis found positive support for the influence of all nine variables on end-user IT satisfaction but to varying degrees. The most significant relationships were found to be user involvement in systems development, perceived usefulness, user experience, organizational support and user attitude toward the IS. This has implications for IS analysis and design as well as user training and the development of training support packages.

Variables affecting information technology end-user satisfaction

Introduction--The Big Picture Over the past decade, the [Internet.sup.1]--or World Wide Web (Technically the Internet is a huge collection of networked computers using TCP/IP protocol to exchange data. The World-wide Web (WWW) is in essence only part of this network of computers, however its visible status has meant that conceptually at least, it is often used interchangeably with "Internet" to describe the same thing.)--has established itself as the key infrastructure for information administration, exchange, and publication (Alexander & Tate, 1999), and Internet Search Engines are the most commonly used tool to retrieve that information (Wang, 2001). The deficiency of enforceable standards however, has resulted in frequent information quality problems (Eppler & Muenzenmayer, 2002). This paper is part of a research project undertaken at Edith Cowan, Wollongong and Sienna Universities, to build an Internet Focused Crawler that uses "Quality" criterion in determining returns to user queries. Such a task requires that the conceptual notions of quality be ultimately quantified into Search Engine algorithms that interact with Webpage technologies, eliminating documents that do not meet specifically determined standards of quality. The focus of this paper, as part of the wider research, is on the concepts of Quality in Information and Information Systems, specifically as it pertains to Information and Information Retrieval on the Internet. As with much of the research into Information Quality (IQ) in Information Systems, the term is interchangeable with Data Quality (DQ). What Is Information Quality? Data and Information Quality is commonly thought of as a multi-dimensional concept (Klein, 2001) with varying attributed characteristics depending on an author's philosophical view-point. Most commonly, the term "Data Quality" is described as data that is "Fit-for-use" (Wang & Strong, 1996), which implies that it is relative, as data considered appropriate for one use may not possess sufficient attributes for another use (Tayi & Ballou, 1998). IQ as a series of Dimensions Table 1 summaries 12 widely accepted IQ Frameworks collated from the last decade of IS research. While varied in their approach and application, the frameworks share a number of characteristics regarding their classifications of the dimensions of quality. An analysis of Table 1 reveals the common elements between the different IQ Frameworks. These include such traditional dimensions as accuracy, consistency, timeliness, completeness, accessibility, objectiveness and relevancy. Table 2 provides a summary of the most common dimensions and the frequency with which they are included in the above IQ Frameworks. Each dimension also includes a short definition. IQ in the context of its use In order to accurately define and measure the concept of Information quality, it is not enough to identify the common elements of IQ Frameworks as individual entities in their own right. In fact, Information Quality needs to be assessed within the context of its generation (Shanks & Corbitt, 1999) and intended use (Katerattanakul & Siau, 1999). This is because the attributes of data quality can vary depending on the context in which the data is to be used (Shankar & Watts, 2003). Defining what Information Quality is within the context of the World Wide Web and its Search Engines then, will depend greatly on whether dimensions are being identified for the producers of information, the storage and maintenance systems used for information, or for the searchers and users of information. The currently accepted view of assessing IQ, involves understanding it from the users point of view. Strong and Wang (1997) suggest that quality of data cannot be assessed independent of the people who use data. Applying this commonly to the World Wide Web has its own set of problems. …

/pdf/developing-a-framework-for-assessing-information-quality-on-1a6irs6rmr.pdf

Developing a Framework for Assessing Information Quality on the World Wide Web

https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/bitstream/2438/4227/1/science.pdf

The enigma of evaluation: benefits, costs and risks of IT in Australian small-medium-sized enterprises

Looks at an online strategy project at Legal Aid in Western Australia. Begins with an overview of e‐government and the Western Australian Government context, and then discusses the research model and methodology. Gives a background to the case and analyses the change management process against a comprehensive model of business process change. Concludes with some lessons learned and future directions for research in this area.

Moving towards e‐government: a case study of organisational change processes

http://directory.umm.ac.id/Data%20Elmu/jurnal/I/Information%20and%20Management/Vol37.Issue4.Jun2000/1863.pdf

Janice M. Burn

Papers

Variables affecting information technology end-user satisfaction

Developing a Framework for Assessing Information Quality on the World Wide Web

The enigma of evaluation: benefits, costs and risks of IT in Australian small-medium-sized enterprises

Moving towards e‐government: a case study of organisational change processes

A comparison of the views of business and IT management on success factors for strategic alignment