There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Thank you for downloading design of analog cmos integrated circuits. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen books like this design of analog cmos integrated circuits, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful virus inside their computer. design of analog cmos integrated circuits is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our digital library spans in multiple countries, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Kindly say, the design of analog cmos integrated circuits is universally compatible with any devices to read.

Design Of Analog Cmos Integrated Circuits

Introduction to Electromagnetic Compatibility

Life expectancy in most countries has been increasing continually over the several few decades thanks to significant improvements in medicine, public health, as well as personal and environmental hygiene. However, increased life expectancy combined with falling birth rates are expected to engender a large aging demographic in the near future that would impose significant burdens on the socio-economic structure of these countries. Therefore, it is essential to develop cost-effective, easy-to-use systems for the sake of elderly healthcare and well-being. Remote health monitoring, based on non-invasive and wearable sensors, actuators and modern communication and information technologies offers an efficient and cost-effective solution that allows the elderly to continue to live in their comfortable home environment instead of expensive healthcare facilities. These systems will also allow healthcare personnel to monitor important physiological signs of their patients in real time, assess health conditions and provide feedback from distant facilities. In this paper, we have presented and compared several low-cost and non-invasive health and activity monitoring systems that were reported in recent years. A survey on textile-based sensors that can potentially be used in wearable systems is also presented. Finally, compatibility of several communication technologies as well as future perspectives and research challenges in remote monitoring systems will be discussed.

Wearable Sensors for Remote Health Monitoring.

More than a decade of research in the field of thermal, motion, vibration and electromagnetic radiation energy harvesting has yielded increasing power output and smaller embodiments. Power management circuits for rectification and DC-DC conversion are becoming able to efficiently convert the power from these energy harvesters. This paper summarizes recent energy harvesting results and their power management circuits.

Micropower energy harvesting

Modalities for continuous real-time heart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR) monitoring are a crucial diagnostic tool, specifically in early detection of potential health risks and timely intervention to reduce fatality. A low-frequency chest-wearable continuous wave (CW) radar device (RDR−SENSE) has been designed and developed for continuous monitoring of HR and RR. The developed RDR−SENSE device detects the periodic movements in the human thoracic region associated with cardio-pulmonary activities. The chest-wearable low-power RDR−SENSE device has been designed and manufactured in small size ( $5\times $ 5 cm). Five volunteers’ cardio-pulmonary activities were collected using the device in five different respiratory scenarios, and a precise signal processing algorithm was applied to derive their HR and RR data. The measured data were compared with the reference signals to evaluate the RDR−SENSE’s performance. The measured heart and RRs were highly promising in terms of accuracy. The mean absolute error was one beat per minute (BPM) for the HR and 0.75 respiration per minute (RPM) for the RR. The root mean square error was 1.55 BPM for the HR and 1.25 RPM for the RR. The developed RDR−SENSE explores the prospects of a chest-wearable, compact, low-frequency radar device for accurate continuous HR and RR measurements during seated activities that resemble daily-life study or work.

A Low-Frequency Portable Continuous Wave Radar System for Vital Signs Monitoring

A wearable continuous beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) monitoring system on the arm, based on a 4-channel photoplethysmography (PPG) array is presented in this paper. Three pulse transit time (PTT) values have been derived from the combinations of PPG signals from the sensors array. We evaluated the system on a group of 5 healthy male subjects. The result suggests that there is a strong correlation between the pulse wave velocity (PWV) derived from PPG signals of the sensors array and the reference systolic and diastolic BP. With the PPG-sensor array, PWV along the arm is divided into several segments. Therefore, more detailed PWV along the arm is found, which can potentially facilitate the accuracy of estimating BP based on the PWV principle.

Wearable continuous blood pressure estimation with photoplethysmography sensors array on the arm

This paper presents a method of registering hits in the sport of fencing, specifically for Epee, without the need for wires connecting the fencer to a central scoreboard. It outlines the problems associated with the development of such a system, including the lack of a common ground between devices. The paper focuses specifically be on the development of a prototype wireless scoring system for Epee fencing, compatible with existing equipment, which can be later adapted to operate with other weapons. The design and construction approaches taken to create a prototype solution are discussed. The use of high frequency signals, and exploitation of human body capacitive effects, and their usefulness in this context are explored. The success of the design in the trials is discussed, along with the limitations, which include latency and interface complexity. Finally, the paper analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the developed system, and recommends system improvements.

The Design of a Wireless Scoring System for Epee Fencing

This letter discusses an integrated voltage-mode logic (VML) transmitter demonstrating a superior self-immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Both the proposed and typical transmitters were fabricated in the UMC 0.18- $\mu$ m standard CMOS process. Using direct power injection measurement, the typical and proposed VML transmitters were subjected to EMI frequencies ranging from 100 kHz to 2 GHz and amplitudes up to 5-V peak. The proposed VML transmitter maintains an open eye diagram with a minimum eye height of 80 mV at the highest EMI amplitude, whereas the typical VML transmitter's eye opening completely closes for EMI frequencies from 700 kHz to 300 MHz and for EMI amplitudes exceeding 1.5-V peak.

Design of an EMI Self-Immune VML Transmitter in 0.18-$\mu$ m CMOS

The power transfer efficiency of energy harvesting systems is strongly dependent on the power conditioning circuits, especially rectifiers. The voltage drop across rectifier and its leakage current can drastically influence the efficiency. The hybrid energy harvesters impose even more severe constraints on the rectifier. The low Vth transistors and bulk regulation technique are used in this work to mitigated the voltage drop and leakage current, respectively. It has been shown that the bulk regulation stops the current leakage through body of PMOS transistor. A near zero threshold cross connected CMOS rectifier is presented in this work using the standard 180nm UMC technology and experimental analysis are carried out to evaluate the circuit performance.

/pdf/low-threshold-cmos-rectifier-design-for-energy-harvesting-in-wxkrk0r37d.pdf

Jean-Michel Redoute

Papers

A Low-Frequency Portable Continuous Wave Radar System for Vital Signs Monitoring

Wearable continuous blood pressure estimation with photoplethysmography sensors array on the arm

The Design of a Wireless Scoring System for Epee Fencing

Design of an EMI Self-Immune VML Transmitter in 0.18-$\mu$ m CMOS

Low-threshold CMOS rectifier design for energy harvesting in biomedical sensors