/pdf/beck-depression-inventory-iinituitenoyi-kao-cha-3143h0pleh.pdf

Beck Depression Inventory-IIについての一考察

Diet is a major lifestyle-related risk factor of various chronic diseases. Dietary intake can be assessed by subjective report and objective observation. Subjective assessment is possible using open-ended surveys such as dietary recalls or records, or using closed-ended surveys including food frequency questionnaires. Each method has inherent strengths and limitations. Continued efforts to improve the accuracy of dietary intake assessment and enhance its feasibility in epidemiological studies have been made. This article reviews common dietary assessment methods and their feasibility in epidemiological studies.

https://www.e-epih.org/upload/pdf/epih-36-e2014009.pdf

Dietary assessment methods in epidemiologic studies.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in Asia is an important issue for world health, because half of the world’s population lives in Asia. Asian countries and regions such as Japan, the Republic of Korea, the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the Kingdom of Thailand have greater mortality and morbidity from stroke than from coronary heart disease (CHD), whereas the opposite is true in Western countries.1 The reasons why this specific situation is observed in countries with rapid and early-phase westernization, such as Japan and South Korea, are very interesting.

The Seven Countries Study conducted by Keys et al2 in 1957 found that Japanese populations had lower fat intake, lower serum total cholesterol, and lower CHD than populations in the United States and Scandinavia, in spite of higher smoking rates. The serum total cholesterol level in Japan has increased rapidly since World War II in accordance with an increase in dietary fat intake from 10% of total energy intake per capita per day to 25%.1,2 Despite this increase, the specific characteristic of lower CHD incidence and mortality than that in Western countries has persisted.3,4 Whether Japanese people and certain other Asian populations have different risk factors for CHD than Western populations has been a subject of discussion for quite some time.

In this article, we discuss the existence of higher stroke rates and lower CHD rates in Asian countries than in Western countries and the respective risk factors for this on the basis of extensive reviews of cohort studies. We also discuss whether these risk factors differ from those of Western countries. Along with this, we examine the relationship between serum total cholesterol and total stroke and its subtypes. We also address the emerging problems and important issues for CVD prevention in Asia.

An extensive …

Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in Asia: a selected review.

Validation and reproducibility of food frequency questionnaire for Korean genome epidemiologic study

Validation and reproducibility of food frequency questionnaire for Korean genome epidemiologic study.

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at an increased risk of malignancies compared with the general population. This has raised concerns regarding these patients, particularly with the widespread use of immunomodulating therapies, including biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). We performed a systematic literature review and analysis to quantify the incidence of malignancies in patients with RA and the general population to update previously published data. A literature search was conducted that was consistent with and similar to that in a meta-analysis published in 2008. MEDLINE, BIOSIS Previews, Embase, Derwent Drug File and SciSearch databases were searched using specified search terms. Predefined inclusion criteria identified the relevant observational studies published between 2008 and 2014 that provided estimates of relative risk of malignancy in patients with RA compared with the general population. Risk data on overall malignancy and site-specific malignancies (lymphoma, melanoma and lung, colorectal, breast, cervical and prostate cancer) were extracted. The standardized incidence ratios (SIRs; a measure of risk) relative to the general population were evaluated and compared with published rates. A total of nine publications met the inclusion criteria. Seven of these reported SIRs for overall malignancy; eight for lymphoma, melanoma, and lung, colorectal and breast cancer; seven for prostate cancer; and four for cervical cancer. Compared with those in the general population, the SIR estimates for patients with RA suggest a modest increased risk in overall malignancy, as previously observed. Patients with RA continued to show an increased risk of lymphoma and lung cancer compared with the general population. Overall, SIR estimates for colorectal and breast cancers continued to show a decrease in risk, whereas cervical cancer, prostate cancer and melanoma appeared to show no consistent trend in risk among patients with RA compared with the general population. The additional data evaluated here are consistent with previously reported data. Patients with RA are at an increased risk of lung and lymphoma malignancies compared with the general population. Quantifying differences in malignancy rates between non-biologic and biologic DMARD-treated patients with RA may further highlight which malignancies may be related to treatment rather than to the underlying disease.

/pdf/incidence-of-malignancy-in-adult-patients-with-rheumatoid-245xxqzf41.pdf

Incidence of malignancy in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis

Copyright © 2016 by Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objectives: Many recent studies have suggested that several systemic conditions, such as obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes, are related to periodontitis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether any particular metabolic syndrome component correlates with the periodontal status. Methods: This study analyzed data from 501 adults (age range, 30 to 64 years) who completed a general physical examination and an oral-health-related questionnaire between January 2014 and June 2014. Periodontitis was already used by the validity and reliability has been proven questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and the presence of chronic periodontitis. Results: Among the 501 participants, 81 (16.2%) had metabolic syndrome and 91 (18.2%) had chronic periodontitis. The prevalence of chronic periodontitis was 28.40% (23/81) and 16.19% (68/420) in the participants with and without metabolic syndrome, respectively. The association remained significant after adjusting for sex, age, education, income, occupation, and smoking status; the adjusted odds ratio was 2.03 (95% confidence interval, 1.11 to 3.71). Conclusions: A significant association exists between metabolic syndrome components and the periodontal status.

/pdf/relationship-between-metabolic-syndrome-components-and-1s41spwfo8.pdf

Relationship between metabolic syndrome components and periodontal health determined using a self-reported questionnaire

Association between social network structure and physical activity in middle-aged Korean adults

Association of serum vitamin D with frailty in older Korean adults.

/pdf/consumption-of-ultra-processed-food-and-blood-pressure-in-1a9zs3rm69.pdf

Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Blood Pressure in Korean Adults

본 연구는 영양사와 영양교사, 식품업계 종사자, 식품영양학과 교수와 연구자 등 총 349명의 식품영양전문가들의 국가식품영양성분 DB에 대한 활용 현황과 요구도를 조사하고, DB 구축 및 갱신 시에 보완과 추가가 필요한 영양소를 선정함으로써 효율적인 식품영양성분 DB 구축을 위한 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 현재 사용되고 있는 모든 식품영양성분 DB들에 대한 영양전문가들의 사용 경험 즉, 활용도는 약 73.6%로 높았고, 특히 식품영양 연구자군이 97.8%로 가장 높았다. 2. 식품영양성분 DB를 활용한 프로그램의 사용경험은 90.5%로 식품영양성분 DB 자체를 사용한 경험보다 더 높게 나타나, DB 자체 보다는 DB를 활용하여 개발한 프로그램에 대한 사용의존도가 더 높음을 알 수 있었다. 3. 식품영양성분 DB의 각 영양성분별 활용도를 조사한 결과, 활용도가 높은 영양소는 단백질, 탄수화물, 지질이었고, 비타민 중에서는 비타민 C, 비타민 A, 비타민 D가, 무기질 중에서는 나트륨과 칼슘의 활용도가 높았다. 반면, 개별 아미노산과 개별 지방산, 토코트리에놀, 망간, 황, 불소 및 크롬의 활용도는 낮았다. 4. 조사대상자의 직종별로 영양성분 활용도를 비교한 결과 식품영양 연구자군은 모든 영양성분에 있어 전반적으로 활용도가 높았고, 특히 식이섬유와 비타민 A, 엽산, 비타민 C, n-3 지방산, 콜레스테롤, 레티놀, 베타카로틴, 비타민 E와 토코페롤, 비타민 B₂, 니아신과 비타민 B6의 활용도가 다른 직종에 비해 높았다. 5. 피토케미컬 DB를 활용한 경험은 전체 대상자 중 17.4%이었고, 식품영양 연구자군이 33%, 식품산업체 종사자군이 18.8%, 영양사 및 영양교사가 14.5%의 활용도를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 피토케미컬 중에서 카로티노이드류, 안토시아닌류, 이소플라본류의 순으로 DB 활용도가 높았다. 6. 식품영양성분 DB의 영양소별 중요도는 활용도 조사결과와 유사한 경향을 보였고, 모든 영양성분별 중요도 점수가 5점 만점에 3점을 상회하여 대체로 보통 이상의 중요도를 가진 것으로 평가하였다. 7. 앞으로 식품영양성분 DB에 보완 또는 추가되기를 희망하는 영양성분은 당류와 비타민 D, 엽산, 셀레늄, 요오드, 식이섬유, 비타민 B12, 카로티노이드류 등으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 각 정부 부처의 노력으로 구축된 한국의 식품영양성분 DB는 여러 가지 목적으로 활용되고 있는데, 급변하는 사회에서 필요로 하는 영양정보를 얻기 위해 보다 완성도 높고 다양한 영양소가 보완된 국가식품 영양성분 DB 구축에 대한 요구가 큰 것으로 파악되었다. 앞으로 다양한 분야의 소비자를 대상으로 한 요구도 조사가 이루어질 필요가 있으며, 이를 DB 개선에 반영해야 할 것으로 보인다.

/pdf/survey-on-utilization-and-demand-for-national-food-2igl8lfa51.pdf

Jee-Seon Shim

Papers

Relationship between metabolic syndrome components and periodontal health determined using a self-reported questionnaire

Association between social network structure and physical activity in middle-aged Korean adults

Association of serum vitamin D with frailty in older Korean adults.

Consumption of Ultra-Processed Food and Blood Pressure in Korean Adults

Survey on utilization and demand for national food composition database