According to W. Edwards Deming, American companies require nothing less than a transformation of management style and of governmental relations with industry. In Out of the Crisis, originally published in 1982, Deming offers a theory of management based on his famous 14 Points for Management. Management's failure to plan for the future, he claims, brings about loss of market, which brings about loss of jobs. Management must be judged not only by the quarterly dividend, but by innovative plans to stay in business, protect investment, ensure future dividends, and provide more jobs through improved product and service. In simple, direct language, he explains the principles of management transformation and how to apply them.

Out of the Crisis

Preparing the books to read every day is enjoyable for many people. However, there are still many people who also don't like reading. This is a problem. But, when you can support others to start reading, it will be better. One of the books that can be recommended for new readers is experience and education. This book is not kind of difficult book to read. It can be read and understand by the new readers.

Experience and Education.

In 1974 an article appeared in Science magazine with the dry-sounding title “Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases” by a pair of psychologists who were not well known outside their discipline of decision theory. In it Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman introduced the world to Prospect Theory, which mapped out how humans actually behave when faced with decisions about gains and losses, in contrast to how economists assumed that people behave. Prospect Theory turned Economics on its head by demonstrating through a series of ingenious experiments that people are much more concerned with losses than they are with gains, and that framing a choice from one perspective or the other will result in decisions that are exactly the opposite of each other, even if the outcomes are monetarily the same. Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of our brain’s wiring.

Thinking fast and slow.

The Social Psychology of Organizations.

Although much has been learned from cross-sectional research on marriage, an understanding of how marriages develop, succeed, and fail is best achieved with longitudinal data. In view of growing interest in longitudinal research on marriage, the authors reviewed and evaluated the literature on how the quality and stability of marriages change over time. First, prevailing theoretical perspectives are examined for their ability to explain change in marital quality and stability. Second, the methods and findings of 115 longitudinal studies--representing over 45,000 marriages--are summarized and evaluated, yielding specific suggestions for improving this research, Finally, a model is outlined that integrates the strengths of previous theories of marriage, accounts for established findings, and indicates new directions for research on how marriages change.

The longitudinal course of marital quality and stability: A review of theory, methods, and research.

The Japanese supplier management system is considered a benchmark for providing high quality products with short lead times, achieved through close integration between manufacturers and suppliers in the early stages of product development. US automakers have been reengineering their product development systems along the lines of the Japanese model and outsourcing an increasing level of vehicle content and design responsibility to their supply bases. The purpose of this paper is to report on the evolving models for supplier involvement in concurrent engineering in US auto, through interviews conducted from 1998-1999. Case examples illustrate that the US auto companies have been evolving the Japanese model, including higher levels of outsourcing of modules and systems. Yet, OEM policies and practices have not evolved to a point needed to support the great responsibility being shunted onto suppliers. The auto case identifies a variety of models of supplier integration in concurrent engineering and the necessary infrastructure for effectiveness.

Involving suppliers in concurrent engineering: learning from Japan in US auto

This article discusses a study of North American manufacturing firms of automotive cockpits, which seeks to answer the questions of whether a product molds an organization or an organization molds a product. The article uses the research fields of modularity and outsourcing to discuss the interactions between product architecture and firm boundary, highlighting ways that each affects the other. The article states that automotive cockpits are a good candidate for such a study because they have evolved through various degrees of modularity, and explains how, for the purpose of the study, that modularity can be measured. The article concludes that no predicable patterns exist, and that the two-way relationship varies across processes and can change over time.

Jeffrey K. Liker

Papers

Involving suppliers in concurrent engineering: learning from Japan in US auto

Modularity and outsourcing: a study of generational sequences in the u.s. automotive cockpit industry.

"Stalking the IQ-expertise relation: When the critics go fishing": Correction to Ceci and Liker.

Toyota under fire : lessons for turning crisis intoopportunity / Jeffrey K. Liker

The Donnelly Production System: Lean at Grand Haven