Transition-metal-catalyzed addition of heteroatom-hydrogen bonds to alkynes.

2.7. Hydroxylation Reactions of Allenes 3282 2.8. Hydroamination Reactions of Allenes 3284 2.9. Hydrothiolation of Allenes 3284 2.10. Hydroalxoxylation of Alkenes and 1,3-Dienes 3286 2.11. Hydroamination of Alkenes and 1,3-Dienes 3287 2.12. Hydrothiolation of Conjugated Olefins 3289 3. Activation of Carbonyl/Imine Groups and Alcohols 3289 3.1. Condensation Reactions 3289 3.2. Addition Reactions 3291 3.3. Aldol Reactions 3294 3.4. Hydroand Carbosilylation Reactions 3295 3.5. Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Alcohols 3297 4. Gold-Catalyzed C-H Bond Functionalization 3297 4.1. Csp3-H Bond Functionalization 3298 4.2. Csp2-H Bond Functionalization 3299 4.3. Csp-H Bond Functionalization 3304 5. Gold-Catalyzed Selective Reductions 3305 5.1. Catalytic Hydrogenation of Alkenes 3306 5.2. Selective Reductions of R, -Unsaturated Carbonyl Groups and 1,3-Dienes 3306

Alternative synthetic methods through new developments in catalysis by gold.

Palladium- or nickel-catalyzed cross coupling. A new selective method for carbon-carbon bond formation

The field of organic thin films and devices is progressing at an extremely rapid pace. Organic–metal and organic–organic interfaces play crucial roles in charge injection into, and transport through, these devices. Their electronic structure, chemical properties, and electrical behavior must be fully characterized and understood if the engineering and control of organic devices are to reach the levels obtained for inorganic semiconductor devices. This article provides an extensive, although admittedly nonexhaustive, review of experimental work done in our group on the electronic structure and electrical properties of interfaces between films of π-conjugated molecular films and metals. It introduces several mechanisms currently believed to affect the formation of metal–organic interface barriers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 2529–2548, 2003

Electronic structure and electrical properties of interfaces between metals and π-conjugated molecular films

A most appealing feature of the development of (opto)electronic devices based on conjugated organic materials is the highly visible link between fundamental research and technological advances. Improved understanding of organic material properties can often instantly be implemented in novel device architectures, which results in rapid progress in the performance and functionality of devices. An essential ingredient for this success is the strong interdisciplinary nature of the field of organic electronics, which brings together experts in chemistry, physics, and engineering, thus softening or even removing traditional boundaries between the disciplines. Naturally, a thorough comprehension of all properties of organic insulators, semiconductors, and conductors is the goal of current efforts. Furthermore, interfaces between dissimilar materials-organic/organic and organic/inorganic-are inherent in organic electronic devices. It has been recognized that these interfaces are a key for device function and efficiency, and detailed investigations of interface physics and chemistry are at the focus of research. Ultimately, a comprehensive understanding of phenomena at interfaces with organic materials will improve the rational design of highly functional organic electronic devices.

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Organic Electronic Devices and Their Functional Interfaces

Hydrozirconation. III. Stereospecific and Regioselective Functionalization of Alkylacetylenes via Vinylzirconium(IV) Intermediates

Modern organic light emitting diode (OLED) architecture comprises a transparent supporting platform (for example, glass) covered with a thin film of transparent conducting oxide (usually indium tin oxide, ITO) that serves as the device anode. 1-4 The ITO is overlain first with an organic hole-transport layer (HTL) material, then an emissive, electron-transport layer, and finally, a low work function cathode. Photons produced by recombination of carriers escape through the oxide film and the supporting platform.1,5 Commercially available thin film ITO has good conductivity and excellent transparency in the visible region, but it has been suggested that inefficiency of hole injection from ITO can lead to poor device characteristics in OLED applications. 1,6-10

Jeffrey Schwartz

Papers

Hydrozirconation. III. Stereospecific and Regioselective Functionalization of Alkylacetylenes via Vinylzirconium(IV) Intermediates

Surface Characterization and Modification of Indium Tin Oxide in Ultrahigh Vacuum

Electrophilic cleavage of the carbon-zirconium(IV) bond. Comparison and contrast with other transition metal alkyl systems

Titanium(III) Reagents in Carbohydrate Chemistry: Glycal and C-Glycoside Synthesis

Mercury(II)-induced cyclization of acetylenic alcohols: a new route to enol ethers and substituted enol ethers