The neural network of motor imagery: an ALE meta-analysis.

Idiolect Language community Language Language conventions Arbitrary sign Iconic sign Fluency Communicative competence Critical period Universal grammar Linguistics Descriptive linguistics Overview In this chapter you'll learn about the complex relationship between language and identity. Language reflects both the individual characteristics of a person, as well as the beliefs and practices of his or her community. You'll also learn that languages are rule-governed systems made up of signs, so for an outsider to learn the language of a community, he or she must learn which signs are meaningful and which are not. The chapter will introduce you to the study of language and communication, as well as the methods of analysis used by those who work in this field. It also considers the complexity of language by examining various theories about how children acquire language. The fact that small children learn language in a relatively short period of time indicates that people may have innate language capabilities.

Introduction To Language

The image of time: a voxel-wise meta-analysis.

Embodied Cognition and beyond: Acting and Sensing the Body.

Lesion analysis in brain-injured populations complements what can be learned from functional neuroimaging. Voxel-based approaches to mapping lesion-behavior correlations in brain-injured populations are increasingly popular, and have the potential to leverage image analysis methods drawn from functional magnetic resonance imaging. However, power is a major concern for these studies, and is likely to vary regionally due to the distribution of lesion locations. Here, we outline general considerations for voxel-based methods, characterize the use of a nonparametric permutation test adapted from functional neuroimaging, and present methods for regional power analysis in lesion studies.

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Power in Voxel-based Lesion-Symptom Mapping

Mental motor imagery and the body schema: evidence for proprioceptive dominance

An acquired deficit of audiovisual speech processing.

Cognitive timing: neuropsychology and anatomic basis.

One potential source of folkbiological knowledge loss is changing patterns of interaction with the natural world stemming from ''modernizing'' material change. This article compares models of plant knowledge among age-matched groups of children and adults in two communities of a municipality located in the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. Use of the Cultural Consensus Model (CCM), analysis of residual agreement, and examination of model content show that while plant knowledge remains fairly robust in the municipality, devolutionary change is ongoing and manifests in the urbanized municipal town center relative to a rural outlying hamlet. Quantifying disparities in folkbiological knowledge is considered as a preliminary step in understanding general processes of culture change. Recent investigations into domain-specific folkbiological expertise in adults and the acquisition of folkbiological models in children shows that differences in propositional knowledge interact with culture-specific reasoning strategies and have profound consequences for value complexes and environmental behavior. (knowl- edge devolution, child development, culture change, folkbotany, Tzotzil Maya)

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Maya Folk Botany and Knowledge Devolution: Modernization and Intra‐Community Variability in the Acquisition of Folkbotanical Knowledge

Languages vary in their semantic partitioning of the world. This has led to speculation that language might shape basic cognitive processes. Spatial cognition has been an area of research in which linguistic relativity – the effect of language on thought – has both been proposed and rejected. Prior studies have been inconclusive, lacking experimental rigor or appropriate research design. Lacking detailed ethnographic knowledge as well as failing to pay attention to intralanguage variations, these studies often fall short of defining an appropriate concept of language, culture, and cognition. Our study constitutes the first research exploring (1) individuals speaking different languages yet living (for generations) in the same immediate environment and (2) systematic intralanguage variation. Results show that language does not shape spatial cognition and plays at best the secondary role of foregrounding alternative possibilities for encoding spatial arrangements.

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Jeffrey T. Shenton

Papers

Mental motor imagery and the body schema: evidence for proprioceptive dominance

An acquired deficit of audiovisual speech processing.

Cognitive timing: neuropsychology and anatomic basis.

Maya Folk Botany and Knowledge Devolution: Modernization and Intra‐Community Variability in the Acquisition of Folkbotanical Knowledge

Language, Culture and Spatial Cognition: Bringing anthropology to the table