An attempt is made in This work to present critical literature review and an up-to-date and exhaustive bibliography on the AGC of power systems. Various control aspects concerning the AGC problem have been highlighted. AGC schemes based on parameters, such as linear and nonlinear power system models, classical and optimal control, and centralized, decentralized, and multilevel control, are discussed. AGC strategies based on digital, self-tuning control, adaptive, VSS systems, and intelligent/soft computing control have been included. Finally, the investigations on AGC systems incorporating BES/SMES, wind turbines, FACTS devices, and PV systems have also been discussed.

Recent philosophies of automatic generation control strategies in power systems

Spatial modulation (SM) is an innovative and promising digital modulation technology that strikes an appealing tradeoff between spectral efficiency and energy efficiency with a simple design philosophy. SM enjoys plenty of benefits and shows great potential to fulfill the requirements of future wireless communications. The key idea behind SM is to convey additional information typically through the ON/OFF states of transmit antennas and simultaneously save the implementation cost by reducing the number of radio-frequency chains. As a result, the SM concept can have widespread effects on diverse applications and can be applied in other signal domains, such as frequency/time/code/angle domain or even across multiple domains. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the latest results and progresses in SM research. Specifically, the fundamental principles, variants of system design, and enhancements of SM are described in detail. Furthermore, the integration of the SM family with other promising techniques, applications to emerging communication systems, and extensions to new signal domains are also extensively studied.

A Survey on Spatial Modulation in Emerging Wireless Systems: Research Progresses and Applications

A novel multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission scheme, called space-time block coded spatial modulation (STBC-SM), is proposed. It combines spatial modulation (SM) and space-time block coding (STBC) to take advantage of the benefits of both while avoiding their drawbacks. In the STBCSM scheme, the transmitted information symbols are expanded not only to the space and time domains but also to the spatial (antenna) domain which corresponds to the on/off status of the transmit antennas available at the space domain, and therefore both core STBC and antenna indices carry information. A general technique is presented for the design of the STBC-SM scheme for any number of transmits antennas. Besides the high spectral efficiency advantage provided by the antenna domain, the proposed scheme is also optimized by deriving its diversity and coding gains to exploit the diversity advantage of STBC. A low-complexity maximum likelihood (ML) decoder is given for the new scheme which profits from the orthogonality of the core STBC. The performance advantages of the STBC-SM over simple SM and over V-BLAST are shown by simulation results for various spectral efficiencies and are supported by the derivation of a closed form expression for the union bound on the bit error probability.

Space-Time Block Coded Spatial Modulation

Intelligent Power System Operation and Control: Japan Case Study Application of Intelligent Methods to Power Systems Application to Power System Planning Application to Power System Control and Restoration Future Implementations Automatic Generation Control (AGC): Fundamentals and Concepts AGC in a Modern Power System Power System Frequency Control Frequency Response Model and AGC Characteristics A Three-Control Area Power System Example Intelligent AGC: Past Achievements and New Perspectives Fuzzy Logic AGC Neuro-Fuzzy and Neural-Networks-Based AGC Genetic-Algorithm-Based AGC Multiagent-Based AGC Combined and Other Intelligent Techniques in AGC AGC in a Deregulated Environment AGC and Renewable Energy Options AGC and Microgrids Scope for Future Work AGC in Restructured Power Systems Control Area in New Environment AGC Configurations and Frameworks AGC Markets AGC Response and an Updated Model Neural-Network-Based AGC Design An Overview ANN-Based Control Systems Flexible Neural Network Bilateral AGC Scheme and Modeling FNN-Based AGC System Application Examples AGC Systems Concerning Renewable Energy Sources An Updated AGC Frequency Response Model Frequency Response Analysis Simulation Study Emergency Frequency Control and RESs Key Issues and New Perspectives AGC Design Using Multiagent Systems Multiagent System (MAS): An Introduction Multiagent Reinforcement-Learning-Based AGC Using GA to Determine Actions and States An Agent for ss Estimation Bayesian-Network-Based AGC Approach Bayesian Networks: An Overview AGC with Wind Farms Proposed Intelligent Control Scheme Implementation Methodology Application Results Fuzzy Logic and AGC Systems Study Systems Polar-Information-Based Fuzzy Logic AGC PSO-Based Fuzzy Logic AGC Frequency Regulation Using Energy Capacitor System Fundamentals of the Proposed Control Scheme Study System Simulation Results Evaluation of Frequency Regulation Performance Application of Genetic Algorithm in AGC Synthesis Genetic Algorithm: An Overview Optimal Tuning of Conventional Controllers Multiobjective GA GA for Tracking Robust Performance Index GA in Learning Process Frequency Regulation in Isolated Systems with Dispersed Power Sources Configuration of Multiagent-Based AGC System Configuration of Laboratory System Experimental Results

Intelligent Automatic Generation Control

(1983). Large-Scale Systems: Modeling and Control. Journal of the Operational Research Society: Vol. 34, No. 10, pp. 1016-1016.

/pdf/large-scale-systems-modeling-and-control-vm2c6m6a7f.pdf

Large-Scale Systems: Modeling and Control

This paper presents the development and application of an analytic framework for the formulation and evaluation of control performance criteria in load frequency control (LFC). The framework is constructed so as to explicitly represent the uncertainty in the measured variables in LFC and to use metrics that are meaningful for the structure of the problem. The framework makes effective use of probability and random processes concepts to develop rather general criteria for LFC performance assessment. In fact, the NERC criteria CPS1 and CPS2 are special cases of the criteria of the framework. The paper thus provides an analytic rationale for the NERC control performance criteria. Analysis of the CPS1 and CPS2 criteria shows that, under conditions that are typically in effect in North American interconnections, the two criteria are redundant. Consequently, there is good analytical basis for not requiring the application of CPS2 once CPS1 is satisfied. Numerical results with four interconnections are given to illustrate the analytic results. The framework is a powerful construct that may be used to construct new criteria for LFC performance assessment.

/pdf/analysis-of-load-frequency-control-performance-assessment-14dkwp7p7x.pdf

Analysis of Load Frequency Control Performance Assessment Criteria

Effect of different excess air ratio values and spark advance timing on combustion and emission characteristics of hydrogen-fueled spark ignition engine

Closure of "analysis of load frequency control performance assessment criteria"

The effect of engine speed and cylinder-to-cylinder variations on backfire in a hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine

We propose a tool for the analysis of the finite-length iterative turbo decoding algorithm. The proposed tool is a generalized EXIT (extrinsic information transfer) chart based on the mutual information transfer characteristics of the extrinsic information in the iterative turbo decoding algorithm. The proposed tool can describe the probabilistic convergence behavior of the iterative decoding algorithm. By using this tool, we obtain the BER estimates of the finite-length turbo codes in the form of a lower bound, which shows a gentle waterfall over a wide waterfall region. The obtained lower bound is in reasonable agreement with the BER obtained by simulations of the iterative decoding algorithm.

/pdf/generalized-exit-chart-and-ber-analysis-of-finite-length-ik740duy7u.pdf

Jeong Woo Lee

Papers

Analysis of Load Frequency Control Performance Assessment Criteria

Effect of different excess air ratio values and spark advance timing on combustion and emission characteristics of hydrogen-fueled spark ignition engine

Closure of "analysis of load frequency control performance assessment criteria"

The effect of engine speed and cylinder-to-cylinder variations on backfire in a hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine

Generalized EXIT chart and BER analysis of finite-length turbo codes