2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC.

The worldwide obesity epidemic is stimulating efforts to identify host and environmental factors that affect energy balance. Comparisons of the distal gut microbiota of genetically obese mice and their lean littermates, as well as those of obese and lean human volunteers have revealed that obesity is associated with changes in the relative abundance of the two dominant bacterial divisions, the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes. Here we demonstrate through metagenomic and biochemical analyses that these changes affect the metabolic potential of the mouse gut microbiota. Our results indicate that the obese microbiome has an increased capacity to harvest energy from the diet. Furthermore, this trait is transmissible: colonization of germ-free mice with an 'obese microbiota' results in a significantly greater increase in total body fat than colonization with a 'lean microbiota'. These results identify the gut microbiota as an additional contributing factor to the pathophysiology of obesity.

An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest

ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
ADP
: adenosine diphosphate
AF
: atrial fibrillation
AMI
: acute myocardial infarction
AV
: atrioventricular
AIDA-4
: Abciximab Intracoronary vs. intravenously Drug Application
APACHE II
: Acute Physiology Aand Chronic

/pdf/esc-guidelines-for-the-management-of-acute-myocardial-vy5rt9aiqe.pdf

ESC Guidelines for the Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation

ACC/AHA
: American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association
ACCF/AHA
: American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association
ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACEI
: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
AF
: atrial fibrillation

/pdf/2016-esc-guidelines-for-the-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-acute-z18hg30pp1.pdf

2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure

Background and Purpose—The authors present an overview of the current evidence and management recommendations for evaluation and treatment of adults with acute ischemic stroke. The intended audienc...

/pdf/guidelines-for-the-early-management-of-patients-with-acute-19udbft6e7.pdf

Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association

A fatal complication of the Seldings technique for cannulation of the femoral vein.

Response to Improving the Success Rate of Chest Compression-Only CPR by Untrained Bystanders in Adult Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Maintaining Airway Patency May Be the Way Forward.

Summary Objective The aims of this study were to evaluate the frequency with which cardiac arrests are reported in newspapers, assess the level of detail reported and ascertain whether this coverage gives a realistic portrayal of cardiac arrest outcomes to the lay-reader.

cardiac arrests reported in the lay-press: an observational study

/pdf/traduccion-oficial-autorizada-al-espanol-del-consejo-espanol-4ouqyggceq.pdf

Traducción oficial autorizada al español del Consejo Español de Resucitación Cardiopulmonar (CERCP)

Purpose: To analyze and summarize the published literature relating to the ProSeal LMA (PLMA): a modification of the ‘classic LMA’ (cLMA) with an esophageal drain tube (DT), designed to improve controlled ventilation, airway protection and diagnosis of misplacement. Source: Articles identified through Medline and EMBASE searches using keywords ‘Proseal’, ‘ProSeal’ and ‘PLMA’. Hand searches of these articles and major anesthetic journals from January 1998 to March 2005. Principal findings: Searches identified 59 randomized controlled trials or clinical studies and 79 other publications. Compared to the cLMA, PLMA insertion takes a few seconds longer. First attempt insertion success for the PLMA is lower, but overall success is equivalent. Airway seal is improved by 50%. The DT enables early diagnosis of mask misplacement, allows gastric drainage, reduces gastric inflation and may vent regurgitated stomach contents. Evidence suggests, but does not prove, that the correctly placed PLMA reduces aspiration risk compared with the cLMA. PLMA use is associated with less coughing and less hemodynamic disturbance than use of a tracheal tube (TT). Comparative trials of the PLMA with other supraglottic airways favour the PLMA. Clinicians have extended the use of the PLMA inside and outside the operating theatre including use for difficult airway management and airway rescue. Conclusions: The PLMA has similar insertion characteristics and complications to other laryngeal masks. The DT enables rapid diagnosis of misplacement. The PLMA offers significant benefits over both the cLMA and TT in some clinical circumstances. These and clinical experience with the PLMA are discussed. Objectif : Analyser et resumer les publications sur le ML ProSeal (MLP) : une modification du «ML classique» (MLc), muni d’un tube de drainage œsophagien (TD), concu pour ameliorer la ventilation controlee, la protection des voies aeriennes et le diagnostic d’une malposition. Source : Articles trouves dans les bases Medline et EMBASE a partir des mots cles «Proseal», «ProSeal» et «PLMA». Des recherches manuelles de ces articles et des principaux journaux d’anesthesie publies de janvier 1998 a mars 2005. Constatations principales : Nos recherches ont permis de decouvrir 59 essais controles et randomises ou etudes cliniques et 79 autres publications. L’insertion du MLP, comparee a celle du MLc, prend quelques secondes de plus. Le taux d’insertion reussie au premier essai avec le MLP est plus faible, mais le taux global est equivalent. L’etancheite de l’intubation est amelioree de 50 %. Le TD permet le diagnostic precoce d’une malposition du masque, assure le drainage gastrique, reduit le gonflement gastrique et permet de degager les regurgitations de l’estomac. Il y a des indices, non des preuves, que le MLP bien place, compare au MLc, reduise le risque d’aspiration. L’usage du MLP est associe a moins de toux et de perturbations hemodynamiques que l’usage du tube endotracheal (TE). Des essais comparatifs du MLP et d’autres canules oropharyngees favorisent le MLP. Les cliniciens ont etendu l’usage du MLP a l’interieur et a l’exterieur

/pdf/cardiothoracic-anesthesia-respiration-and-airway-the-proseal-3u85nxtqo7.pdf

Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Respiration and Airway The ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway: a review of the literature (Le masque laryngé ProSeal™ : un examen des publications)

Jerry P. Nolan

Papers

A fatal complication of the Seldings technique for cannulation of the femoral vein.

Response to Improving the Success Rate of Chest Compression-Only CPR by Untrained Bystanders in Adult Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Maintaining Airway Patency May Be the Way Forward.

cardiac arrests reported in the lay-press: an observational study

Traducción oficial autorizada al español del Consejo Español de Resucitación Cardiopulmonar (CERCP)

Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Respiration and Airway The ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway: a review of the literature (Le masque laryngé ProSeal™ : un examen des publications)