2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC.

The worldwide obesity epidemic is stimulating efforts to identify host and environmental factors that affect energy balance. Comparisons of the distal gut microbiota of genetically obese mice and their lean littermates, as well as those of obese and lean human volunteers have revealed that obesity is associated with changes in the relative abundance of the two dominant bacterial divisions, the Bacteroidetes and the Firmicutes. Here we demonstrate through metagenomic and biochemical analyses that these changes affect the metabolic potential of the mouse gut microbiota. Our results indicate that the obese microbiome has an increased capacity to harvest energy from the diet. Furthermore, this trait is transmissible: colonization of germ-free mice with an 'obese microbiota' results in a significantly greater increase in total body fat than colonization with a 'lean microbiota'. These results identify the gut microbiota as an additional contributing factor to the pathophysiology of obesity.

An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest

ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
ADP
: adenosine diphosphate
AF
: atrial fibrillation
AMI
: acute myocardial infarction
AV
: atrioventricular
AIDA-4
: Abciximab Intracoronary vs. intravenously Drug Application
APACHE II
: Acute Physiology Aand Chronic

/pdf/esc-guidelines-for-the-management-of-acute-myocardial-vy5rt9aiqe.pdf

ESC Guidelines for the Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation

ACC/AHA
: American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association
ACCF/AHA
: American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association
ACE
: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACEI
: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
ACS
: acute coronary syndrome
AF
: atrial fibrillation

/pdf/2016-esc-guidelines-for-the-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-acute-z18hg30pp1.pdf

2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure

Background and Purpose—The authors present an overview of the current evidence and management recommendations for evaluation and treatment of adults with acute ischemic stroke. The intended audienc...

/pdf/guidelines-for-the-early-management-of-patients-with-acute-19udbft6e7.pdf

Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association

We planned to observe the performance of the LiDCOplus (LiDCO Systems, UK), PiCCO (Pulsion Medical Systems, Germany) and NICO (Novametrix-Respironics, USA) continuous cardiac output monitors during therapeutic hypothermia and rewarming post cardiac arrest. PiCCO calibration failure during hypothermia has been reported [1,2]. Use of the LiDCOplus and the NICO monitor during therapeutic hypothermia has not been reported. The LiDCOplus pulse power analysis is calibrated using a bolus of lithium chloride instead of transpulmonary thermodilution. Function of the NICO is based on the Fick principle and on partial rebreathing of carbon dioxide. LiDCOplus and NICO performance should not be affected by hypothermia.

/pdf/comparison-of-three-noninvasive-cardiac-output-monitors-in-44y1fgnhjt.pdf

Comparison of three noninvasive cardiac output monitors in patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest

Reply to: Prognostication in postanoxic coma: Not too early, not too late.

Reliable neurological prediction after cardiac arrest - Are we willing to pay the price?

To assess and evaluate patient safety incidents and in particular, medication errors, during a large multi-center pre-hospital trial of emergency therapy (PARAMEDIC2), in order to inform and improve future pre-hospital medicines trials. The PARAMEDIC2 trial was undertaken across five NHS Ambulance Services in England and Wales with randomisation between December 2014 and October 2017. Patients with an out -of-hospital cardiac arrest unresponsive to initial resuscitation were randomly assigned to 1 mg intravenous adrenaline or matching placebo. Records were reviewed to identify trial medication errors involving documentation and/or clinical protocol errors occurring in trial participants. Causes of medication errors, including root cause analysis where available, were reviewed to identify patterns and themes contributing to these errors. Eight thousand sixteen patients were enrolled, of whom 4902 received trial medication. A total of 331 patient safety incidents was reported, involving 295 patients, representing an overall rate of 3.6% of these, 166 (50.2%) were documentation errors while 165 (49.8%) were clinical protocol/medication errors. An overall rate of 0–4.5% was reported across all five ambulance services, with a mean of 2.0%. These errors had no impact on patient care or the trial and were all resolved The overall medication error rate of 1.8% primarily consisted of administration of open-label adrenaline and confusion with trial medication packs. A similar number of patients had documentation errors. This study is the first to provide data on patient safety incidents relating to medication errors encountered during a pre-hospital trial of emergency medication administration and will provide supporting data for planning future trials in this area.

/pdf/patient-safety-incidents-and-medication-errors-during-a-2rckbkuqlx.pdf

Patient safety incidents and medication errors during a clinical trial: experience from a pre-hospital randomized controlled trial of emergency medication administration

ehr Menschenleben durch eine effektivere Reanimation zu retten ± das ist das Ziel der überarbeiteten Richtlinien zur kardiopul− monalen Reanimation, die am 28. November 2005 von internationalen Expertenkommissionen zeitgleich in Europa und in den USA in den Zeitschriften 1Resusci− tation“ und 1Circulation“ veröffentlicht wurden. Vo− rausgegangen war eine mehr als zweijährige Vorberei− tungsphase, innerhalb derer Experten des European Resuscitation Council (ERC), der American Heart Asso− ciation (AHA) und weiterer Organisationen im Rahmen des multidisziplinären International Liaison Commit− tee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) die neuen Erkenntnisse umfassend gesichtet und bewertet hatten.

/pdf/hauptsache-herzmassage-die-neuen-europaischen-richtlinien-qkomipz51j.pdf

Jerry P. Nolan

Papers

Comparison of three noninvasive cardiac output monitors in patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest

Reply to: Prognostication in postanoxic coma: Not too early, not too late.

Reliable neurological prediction after cardiac arrest - Are we willing to pay the price?

Patient safety incidents and medication errors during a clinical trial: experience from a pre-hospital randomized controlled trial of emergency medication administration

Hauptsache Herzmassage - Die neuen europäischen Richtlinien zur kardiopulmonalen Reanimation