Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism

萨义德以其独特的双重身份,对西方中心权力话语做了分析,通过对文学作品、演讲演说等文本的解读,将O rie n ta lis m——"东方学",做了三重释义:一门学科、一种思维方式和一种权力话语系统,对东方学权力话语做了系统的批判,同时将东方学放入空间维度对东方学文本做了细致的解读。

萨义德的“Orientalism”释义

Symposium Review: 25th Anniversary of Moral Boundaries by Joan Tronto

basic research and clinical data in an attempt to derive a cohesive model which explains the behavioral effects of the drug. Johnson is an experimental psychologist, and his work underlies many of the chapters which suggest that lithium decreases the behavioral response to novel external stimuli. He then utilizes this foundation to propose a cognitive model for lithium's anti-manic action, its inhibition of violent impulsivity, and its prophylactic effects in recurrent depression. Previous formulations which were clinically based, such as that of Mabel Blake Cohen and her associates, stressed the primacy of depression and noted the \"manic defense\" as an attempt to ward off intolerable depression. In direct contrast, Johnson views mania as the primary disturbance in bipolar disorder. He considers depression in bipolar disease as an over-zealous homeostatic inhibitory responsf to a maniaassociated cognitive overload. Consistent with this, he believes, lit lum exerts its anti-manic effect by decreasing cognitive processing in a manner analogous to his animal studies. Johnson also suggests that lithium exerts its prophylactic effect in recurrent depressions by treating subclinical mania. These concepts are supported by the work of Johnson's associate, Kukopulos, to whom the book is dedicated. The bulk of the research which describes the cognitive disturbance in mania is complex, however, and uncomfortably open to multiple interpretations. Recognized as a preliminary effort, Johnson's formulation may help to guide further research. Although Johnson clearly traces lithium actions through a broad range of subjects, his discussion of the neurophysiological aspects of this drug is notably spotty. In particular, Johnson ignores the work of Svensson, DeMontigny, Aghajanian, and others who suggest that serotonergic systems may play an important role in the antidepressant actions of lithium. As a result, he fails to discuss one of the most important current uses of lithium: as an agent used in conjunction with antidepressant medications to increase treatment response in medication-resistant forms of depression. Lithium augmentation of antidepressant medication also challenges the formulation presented by Johnson. This formulation suggests that lithium should have no therapeutic value in patients, such as those with endogenous depression, who already \"under-process\" cognitive information. The omission of lithium augmentation in depression is clearly unfortunate in this text. Overall, this volume demonstrates the benefits of a single-authored text. It it clearly organized and readable. The bibliography is also broad and useful. In this book, Johnson primarily addresses a research audience, and his model seems designed to stimulate thought rather than to improve clinical technique. In this capacity, his book will be of most interest to behavioral psychologists. Other books, focusing purely on clinical data, may be more useful to clinicians. Nevertheless, the clear organization, the large bibliography, and the thoughtful presentation may make this text a useful addition to a clinical library as well.

The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World.

Against our will: Men, women, and rape

This study examined the temporal anthropometric changes in idealized female body images in the media (i.e., Playboy magazine Playmates of the Year, Miss America Pageant winners, and fashion models) and young women in general across eight decades. Overall, all anthropometric measures differed significantly over time. BMI for all women in the idealized groups tended to decline significantly over time, while the BMI for YoungWomen increased significantly. Models tended to have the smallest bust and hips, Playmates the largest bust, and young women in general the largest waist and hips. The general trend for all groups was to move from a less curvaceous body shape in the early part of the twentieth century to a more curvaceous shape at mid-century and returning to a less curvaceous shape at the end of the century. Idealized women have a body size unlike that of Young Women and the chasm between the media- defined ideal and reality is continuing to diverge.

Temporal Changes in Anthropometric Measurements of Idealized Females and Young Women in General

This study compared the anthropometric measurements of the idealized female body in media targeted to men, women, or mixed gender audiences. Idealized female body size was also compared with that of young women in general (YWIG). The results indicate that the idealized female body is not reflective

A comparison of the anthropometric measurements of idealized female body images in media directed to men, women, and mixed gender audiences

This is a pre-print version of an artcle by Jessica Murray (2010): Gender and Violence in Cape Slave Narratives and Post-Narratives,
South African Historical Journal, 62:3, 444-462
To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2010.519896

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Gender and Violence in Cape Slave Narratives and Post-Narratives

Active citizenship is a concept which has become increasingly topical as governments seek ways of fostering proactive participation by empowered citizens and communities. An overview of the literature reveals that, despite the breadth of research on active citizenship and substantive participation, well-documented examples of mechanisms that resulted in unmitigated success in specific communities remain rare. Yet this does not mean that there have not been a great many projects and interventions that have sought to address these issues in communities around the globe. It is necessary to collate projects and to compile best practice guidelines from the parts of the projects that functioned successfully while learning from the aspects that failed. In other words, a search for definitive best practices is likely to end in disappointment, but the more difficult task of analysing even partially successful practices is necessary to excavate lessons from the work that has been done.

Enhancing Participatory Governance and Fostering Active Citizenship: An Overview of Local and International Best Practices

This article explores the ways in which the South African author Antjie Krog challenges imperial and patriarchal assumptions about bodies and landscapes in order to enable an embodied engagement with the South African landscape. Post-apartheid South Africa presents particular challenges to white identity and Krog's work recognises that a reconceptualised relationship between her body as a white South African woman and the South African landscape is a necessary part of coming to terms with her place in the new South Africa. The article focuses on Krog's Country of my Skull (1998) and A Change of Tongue (2003). Both these works deal with her narrators' struggle to feel part of South Africa after the atrocities of apartheid that were committed in the name of white South Africans. While sections of these texts have been fictionalised, they also include non-fictional accounts of South Africa's past, specifically through the inclusion of snippets of testimony from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. The ar...

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Jessica Murray

Papers

Temporal Changes in Anthropometric Measurements of Idealized Females and Young Women in General

A comparison of the anthropometric measurements of idealized female body images in media directed to men, women, and mixed gender audiences

Gender and Violence in Cape Slave Narratives and Post-Narratives

Enhancing Participatory Governance and Fostering Active Citizenship: An Overview of Local and International Best Practices

‘They can never write the landscapes out of their system’: engagements with the South African landscape