Crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are formed by reticular synthesis, which creates strong bonds between inorganic and organic units. Careful selection of MOF constituents can yield crystals of ultrahigh porosity and high thermal and chemical stability. These characteristics allow the interior of MOFs to be chemically altered for use in gas separation, gas storage, and catalysis, among other applications. The precision commonly exercised in their chemical modification and the ability to expand their metrics without changing the underlying topology have not been achieved with other solids. MOFs whose chemical composition and shape of building units can be multiply varied within a particular structure already exist and may lead to materials that offer a synergistic combination of properties.

The Chemistry and Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks

Luminescent Functional Metal–Organic Frameworks

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a unique class of crystalline solids comprised of metal cations (or metal clusters) and organic ligands that have shown promise for a wide variety of applications Over the past 15 years, research and development of these materials have become one of the most intensely and extensively pursued areas A very interesting and well-investigated topic is their optical emission properties and related applications Several reviews have provided a comprehensive overview covering many aspects of the subject up to 2011 This review intends to provide an update of work published since then and focuses on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of MOFs and their possible utility in chemical and biological sensing and detection The spectrum of this review includes the origin of luminescence in MOFs, the advantages of luminescent MOF (LMOF) based sensors, general strategies in designing sensory materials, and examples of various applications in sensing and detection

Luminescent metal–organic frameworks for chemical sensing and explosive detection

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Metal–Organic Frameworks and Self-Assembled Supramolecular Coordination Complexes: Comparing and Contrasting the Design, Synthesis, and Functionality of Metal–Organic Materials

The purpose of this critical review is to give a representative and comprehensive overview of the arising developments in the field of magnetic metal–organic frameworks, in particular those containing cobalt(II). We examine the diversity of magnetic exchange interactions between nearest-neighbour moment carriers, covering from dimers to oligomers and discuss their implications in infinite chains, layers and networks, having a variety of topologies. We progress to the different forms of short-range magnetic ordering, giving rise to single-molecule-magnets and single-chain-magnets, to long-range ordering of two- and three-dimensional networks (323 references).

Magnetic metal-organic frameworks.

Entanglement is one of the most important features of coordination polymer frameworks and has attracted considerable attention due to its aesthetic and topological interest. Among entangled systems, interpenetrating frameworks represent an intriguing subset; however, there are few examples of materials containing very high levels of interpenetration. In this work a coordination polymer with 103-srs topology, constructed from a star-like tridentate ligand, tri(4-imidazolylphenyl)amine, and AgI ions, has been hydrothermally synthesized. It contains a record 54 interpenetrating networks.

An Exceptional 54-Fold Interpenetrated Coordination Polymer with 103-srs Network Topology

Six new coordination polymers, namely [Zn1.5(BTC)(L1)(H2O)2]·1.5H2O (1), [Zn3(BTC)2(L2)3] (2), [Zn3(BTC)2(L3)1.5(H2O)]·H2O (3), [Co6(BTC)4(L1)6(H2O)3]·9H2O (4), [Co1.5(BTC)(L2)1.5]·0.25H2O (5), and [Co4(BTC)2(L3)2(OH)2(H2O)]·4.5H2O (6), where L1 = 1,2-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, L2 = 1,3-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, L3 = 1,1‘-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole), and BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate anion, were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. In 1−6, each of L1−L3 serves as a bidentate bridging ligand. In 1, BTC anions act as tridentate ligands, and compound 1 shows a 2D polymeric structure which consists of 2-fold interpenetrating (6, 3) networks. In compound 2, BTC anions coordinate to zinc cations as tridentate ligands to form a net with (64·82)2(86)(62·8)2 topology. In compound 3, BTC anions act as tetradentate ligands and coordinate to zinc cations to form a net with (4·62·83)2(8·102)(4·6·83·10)2 topology. In compound 5, each BTC anion coordinates to three Co cations, and the framework...

Syntheses and characterization of six coordination polymers of zinc(II) and cobalt(II) with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate anion and bis(imidazole) ligands

Nine new coordination polymers, namely, [Mn2(L)(H2O)4]·H2O (1), [Cd(L)0.5(H2O)] (2), [Zn5(L)2(μ3-O)2(H2O)4]·2H2O (3), [Zn4(L)2(μ3-O)2][Zn(H2O)5]·2H2O (4), [Zn2(L)(biim-4)0.5(H2O)3]·H2O (5), [Cd2(L)(bpy)(H2O)]·2H2O·0.5(CH3CH2OH) (6), [Cu2(H2L)2(bpy)2] (7), [Cu2(L)(bpy)(H2O)] (8), and [Cu2(L)(bpy)1.5(H2O)2.5] (9), where H4L = 1,2,3,4-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, biim-4 = 1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole), and bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine, have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 displays a rare trinodal (3,4,7)-connected (42·6)(45·6)(47·68·86) topology. 2 possesses an α-Po net. 3 is a novel 3D framework based on pentanuclear ZnII clusters. By adjustment of the pH values of the reaction mixture of 3 with a Na2CO3 solution, a structurally different compound, 4, was obtained, which exhibits a 3D porous framework with the [Zn(H2O)6]2+ cations located in the channels. 5 is an unusual example of a trinodal (3,5)-connected network with a Schlafli symbol of (42·6)(62·8)(42·62·85·10), whereas 6, co...

Series of 2D and 3D Coordination Polymers Based on 1,2,3,4-Benzenetetracarboxylate and N-Donor Ligands: Synthesis, Topological Structures, and Photoluminescent Properties

Four novel highly connected metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) based on d10 metals and triangular ligands, namely, [Ag7(4,4′-tmbpt)(HL)2(L)(H2O)] (1), [NaCd3(4,4′-tmbpt)(L)2(OH)]·H2O (2), [Cd3(3,3′-tmbpt)2(L)2(H2O)2]·3.5H2O (3), and [Cd3(3,4′-tmbpt)2(L)2(H2O)]·1.5H2O (4) (H3L = 5-(4-carboxybenzyloxy)isophthalic acid, 4,4′-tmbpt = 1-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-3,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole, 3,3′-tmbpt = 1-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-3,5-bis(3-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole, and 3,4′-tmbpt = 1-((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-3-(3-pyridyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 features a three-dimensional (3D) (3,12)-connected net based on heptanuclear [Ag7(COO)7] units. Compound 2 displays a 3D (3,4,10)-connected net constructed by tetranuclear [NaCd3(μ3-OH)(COO)5]+ units. Compound 3 exhibits a 3D (3,4,8)-connected net based on binuclear [Cd2(COO)2] units. Compound 4 is a 3D binodal (3,9)-connected framework constructed by trinuclear [Cd3(COO)4] unit...

A Series of Highly Connected Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on Triangular Ligands and d10 Metals: Syntheses, Structures, Photoluminescence, and Photocatalysis

A novel coordination polymer {[Cu(L1)(L2)(H2O)]·5H2O}n (1), where L1 =1,1‘-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole) and L2 = m-phthalate anion, has been obtained by using an unusual crystallization process. ...

Jin Yang

Papers

An Exceptional 54-Fold Interpenetrated Coordination Polymer with 103-srs Network Topology

Syntheses and characterization of six coordination polymers of zinc(II) and cobalt(II) with 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate anion and bis(imidazole) ligands

Series of 2D and 3D Coordination Polymers Based on 1,2,3,4-Benzenetetracarboxylate and N-Donor Ligands: Synthesis, Topological Structures, and Photoluminescent Properties

A Series of Highly Connected Metal–Organic Frameworks Based on Triangular Ligands and d10 Metals: Syntheses, Structures, Photoluminescence, and Photocatalysis

A Porous Supramolecular Architecture from a Copper(II) Coordination Polymer with a 3D Four-Connected 86 Net