Removal of emerging contaminants from the environment by adsorption

https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(15)01005-7/pdf

Epigenetic Alterations in Colorectal Cancer: Emerging Biomarkers

The efficient handling of wastewater pollutants is a must, since they are continuously defiling limited fresh water resources, seriously affecting the terrestrial, aquatic, and aerial flora and fauna. Our vision is to undertake an exhaustive examination of current research trends with a focus on nanomaterials (NMs) to considerably improve the performance of classical wastewater treatment technologies, e.g. adsorption, catalysis, separation, and disinfection. Additionally, NM-based sensor technologies are considered, since they have been significantly used for monitoring water contaminants. We also suggest future directions to inform investigators of potentially disruptive NM technologies that have to be investigated in more detail. The fate and environmental transformations of NMs, which need to be addressed before large-scale implementation of NMs for water purification, are also highlighted.

Recent advances in nanomaterials for water protection and monitoring.

ACG Clinical Guidelines: Colorectal Cancer Screening 2021

Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in water using carbon nanotubes: A review

Background and Aim
Screening and early detection reduces mortality due to colorectal cancer (CRC). Methylated Septin 9 (SEPT9) is a new blood-based biomarker for CRC. We evaluated the performance of the second-generation SEPT9 assay for the detection of colorectal neoplasm, and compared it with fecal immunochemical test (FIT).

Methods
A total of 135 patients with CRC, 169 with adenomatous polyps, 81 with hyperplastic polyps, and 91 healthy controls were included. The clinical status of all subjects was verified by colonoscopy. In all patients, peripheral blood samples were taken for SEPT9 testing using Epi proColon 2.0 test. For 177 patients, both SEPT9 and FIT were performed.

Results
The sensitivity and specificity of SEPT9 for CRC were 74.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 67.0–81.6%) and 87.4% (vs non-CRC, 95% CI: 83.5–90.6%), respectively. SEPT9 was positive in 66.7% of stage I, 82.6% of stage II, 84.1% of stage III, and 100% of stage IV CRCs. The sensitivity of SEPT9 for advanced adenomas was 27.4% (95% CI: 18.7–37.6%). The sensitivity and specificity of FIT for CRC was 58.0% (95% CI: 46.1–69.2%) and 82.4% (95% CI: 74.4–88.7%), respectively. SEPT9 showed better performance in CRC detection than FIT, but similar among advanced adenomas.

Conclusions
With improved performance characteristics in detecting CRC, the second-generation SEPT9 assay could play an important role in CRC screening and early detection.

Performance of a second-generation methylated SEPT9 test in detecting colorectal neoplasm.

The removal of bisphenol AP (BPAP) by a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was investigated. BPAP, representing typical scenarios for the BPAP–MWCNT interactions, was employed as a probe molecule. It was found that BPAP exhibited great adsorptive affinity to MWCNT, and the adsorption kinetics equilibrium was arrived within 4.0 min following the pseudo-second-order model. The overall rate process was mainly controlled by the external mass transfer. The hydrogen bond, hydrophobic, and π–π stacking interactions were dominant factors for the strong adsorption of BPAP, instead of the pH ionic strength and other ionic species in contaminated water. The MWCNT has higher stability within 8 removal–regeneration recycles, and up to 95% of recovery could be obtained by eluting the adsorbed BPAP on MWCNT adsorbent using ethanol/sodium hydrate solution. The results of the experiment on real samples verified the effectiveness for the recovery and removal of BPAP from wastewater samples.

Rapid Method for the Separation and Recovery of Endocrine-Disrupting Compound Bisphenol AP from Wastewater

Rapid and selective separation of iridium ions from aqueous solutions using nano-Al2O3

Nano-Al2O3 was applied for the separation of Rh(III) ions from water solution. When pH value was within 5.0 to 9.0 and the concentration of Rh(III) was less than 50 mg·L–1, more than 90 % of Rh(III) ions were adsorbed by nano-Al2O3. Then the adsorbed Rh(III) ions were rapidly eluted when 2.0 mL of 0.3 mol·L–1 H2SO4 was added. The adsorption data corrected well with the Langmuir equation, and the saturated adsorption capacity was 5.52 mg·g–1 (25 ± 0.1 °C). The dynamics data indicate that the equilibrium time was about 2.5 min. The rate constant k2 = 2.714 g·mg–1·min–1 (25 °C) was gained according to the second-order-kinetic model. The overall rate process seemed to be affected by both film diffusion and interparticle diffusion, but it was mainly governed by interparticle diffusion. The average energy of sorption at ambient temperature was obtained to be 1.08 kJ·mol–1 through the Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R) model. Moreover, the values of ΔH0 and ΔG0 for Rh(III) adsorption disclosed the spontaneous and endoth...

A Rapid and Selective Isolation of Rhodium from Aqueous Solution Using Nano-Al2O3

The potential impact on human exposure to aminotriazole (ATA) and heavy metal in the environment becomes a concerning issue. In the current study, a water-soluble Cu(II)-aminotriazole complex [Cu(II)-ATA] was synthesized. To explore the binding mechanism of the complex with human serum albumin (HSA), their effects on conformation and activity of HSA by multispectroscopic approach and molecular modeling were investigated. Further fluorescent tests revealed that the quenching mechanism of HSA by Cu(II)-ATA was overall static. Meanwhile, the obtained binding constant and thermodynamic parameters on complex-HSA interaction showed that the types of interaction force of Cu(II)-ATA and HSA were hydrogen bonding, van der Waals and electrostatic. The analysis of three-dimensional fluorescence, circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that Cu(II)-ATA induced the changes in the secondary structure of HSA. Molecular docking simulation was performed and docking model suggested that the complex docked into HSA at subdomain IIA. Furthermore, amino group and attractive electrostatic interaction of Cu(II)-ATA greatly contributed to the hydrogen bonding, van der Waals and electrostatic interaction between Cu(II)-ATA and HSA, as confirmed by experimental data.

Jing Zhang

Papers

Performance of a second-generation methylated SEPT9 test in detecting colorectal neoplasm.

Rapid Method for the Separation and Recovery of Endocrine-Disrupting Compound Bisphenol AP from Wastewater

Rapid and selective separation of iridium ions from aqueous solutions using nano-Al2O3

A Rapid and Selective Isolation of Rhodium from Aqueous Solution Using Nano-Al2O3

Exploring the copper(II)–aminotriazole complex-binding sites of human serum albumin