http://ir.yic.ac.cn/bitstream/133337/5168/2/Inter-%20and%20intra-annual%20patterns%20of%20Ulva%20prolifera%20green%20tides%20in%20the%20Yellow%20Sea%20during%202007%e2%80%932009%2c%20their%20origin%20and%20relationship%20to%20the%20expansion%20of%20coastal%20seaweed%20aquaculture%20in%20China.pdf

Inter- and intra-annual patterns of Ulva prolifera green tides in the Yellow Sea during 2007–2009, their origin and relationship to the expansion of coastal seaweed aquaculture in China

To investigate the influence of nutrients on the occurrence of the world's largest trans-regional green tide bloom along the coast of the southern Yellow Sea, spatial and temporal variation in dissolved inorganic nutrients, dissolved oxygen and the dissolved inorganic nitrogen/phosphorus (N/P ratio) in the southern Yellow Sea from the 1980s to 2012 were analyzed on the basis of our field data and historical data. The transport and concentration of nutrients and oxygen may be significantly affected by the complex hydrographic conditions that were found in the southern Yellow Sea year-round. The input from diverse nutrient sources, especially from the Yangtze river plume, the rising nutrient loading from rivers and mariculture along the Subei coast, could contribute to sustaining green algal blooms. The highest chlorophyll-a concentration appeared in 2012 of the study area. The horizontal distribution of nitrate, phosphate and silicate generally decreased from the nearshore to offshore waters from the 1980s to the present. A zone of high nutrient concentrations was generally found in the southwestern southern Yellow Sea (121–123°E, 32–33°N) over the past three decades, which may be primarily induced by the input of the Yangtze river plume into this area. The lowest nutrient concentrations were found in the mid-north of the southern Yellow Sea (122–124°E, 34–36°N). A zone of high DO concentrations was identified in the northeastern region of the study area (122–123.5°E, 35–36°N). Though ammonium values fluctuated during 1984–2012, nitrate and DIN concentrations increased across the 30 years of sampling, implying the intense influence of terrestrial discharge to the southern Yellow Sea. And the high nitrogen levels may be one of the most important contributors to green algal blooms in this area. Phosphate concentrations fluctuated from the 1980s to 2005 and have since decreased. A large upward spike in the N/P ratio was apparent in 2008 and since, and the DO concentration decreased sharply in the same year. Concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients and oxygen were generally high in winter, lower in summer.

Changes in concentrations of oxygen, dissolved nitrogen, phosphate, and silicate in the southern Yellow Sea, 1980–2012: Sources and seaward gradients

Seasonal phytoplankton response to physical processes in the southern Yellow Sea

Nutrient dynamics during spring phytoplankton bloom period in the Yellow Sea (YS) was discussed based on field observations performed in February, March–April and June 2009. Abundant nutrients and optimal molar ratios among dissolved inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and Silicic acid in early spring provided favorable conditions for blooming phytoplankton. Depletion of phosphorus and nitrogen in the euphotic zone terminated the spring bloom in the central YS in early summer. Continuous observations in every 3 h for about 4–5 days were conducted to investigate supply, consumption and other characteristics of nutrients during phytoplankton bloom period at two drift stations. The major sources of nutrients are Yellow Sea Warm Current water (in winter and early spring) and Changjiang Diluted Water (in early summer). The upward nutrient fluxes from deep water to the euphotic zone (upper 30 m depth) by means of diffusion and turbulent entrainment were important nutrient sources to sustain the bloom, and they appeared to account 56% of N, 56% of P and 69% of Si for phytoplankton growth demand. 57–76% of DIN and 46–68% of PO 4 3− in the upper 10–20 m water were utilized by phytoplankton in about one week to produce a bloom.

Nutrient dynamics and coupling with phytoplankton species composition during the spring blooms in the Yellow Sea

[1] Atmospheric deposition can deliver new nutrients to the surface water and support primary productivity. Here we report a phytoplankton bloom that developed in the Yellow Sea in the spring of 2007 3–4 days following a dust storm accompanied by precipitation. Our data indicate that atmospheric deposition dominated the supply of new nutrients to the surface water in the central Yellow Sea during the dust event. Dust-derived nitrogen (N) supply was sufficient to support the observed phytoplankton growth, while, dust-derived iron (Fe) supply far exceeded that required by the biota. Granger causality test results further supported that dust-derived nutrients deposition was the cause for the observed bloom with a lag of 3–5 days. Our results contribute to the growing database linking phytoplankton blooms to atmospheric deposition derived fertilization effects. Both dry and wet deposition contributed nutrients to the surface ocean during this event; however, the nutrient loading from dry deposition alone was not sufficient to satisfy the demand of the phytoplankton in this bloom event.

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2012JD017983

Examination of causative link between a spring bloom and dry/wet deposition of Asian dust in the Yellow Sea, China

Phytoplankton biomass size structure and its regulation in the Southern Yellow Sea (China): Seasonal variability

Technological transformation investment is an important part of the investment in power grid enterprises. With the passage of time, the investment scale of technological transformation of power grid system has gradually improved, and the contradiction between high-intensity investment, rigid cost growth, slow power growth and difficult growth of efficiency is becoming increasingly prominent. It is more difficult to maintain steady operation and complete the profit target, which puts forward higher requirements for the investment decision of power grid technological transformation. Therefore, strengthening the input-output evaluation of technological transformation investment projects of power grid enterprises can further improve the efficiency of technological transformation investment of enterprises, so as to improve the level of operating efficiency of enterprises.

Research on input-output effect evaluation method of power grid technical transformation project based on DEA theory

Excess body weight has been found to associate with an increased risk of lymphomas and some metabolic pathways are currently recognized in lymphomagenesis. Bioactive lipid metabolites such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have been proposed to play an important role linking obesity and lymphomas. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of S1P signaling in obesity-lymphomagenesis have not been well addressed.The gene expression of sphingosine kinase (SPHK), lymphoma prognosis, and S1P production were analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and human lymphoma tissue array. Obesity-lymphoma mouse models and lymphoma cell lines were used to investigate the S1P/SPHK-YAP axis contributing to obesity-lymphomagenesis. By using the mouse models and a monocyte cell line, S1P-mediated polarization of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment were investigated.In human study, up-regulated S1P/SPHK1 was found in human lymphomas, while obesity negatively impacted progression-free survival and overall survival in lymphoma patients. In animal study, obesity-lymphoma mice showed an aggressive tumor growth pattern. Both in vivo and in vitro data suggested the existence of S1P-YAP axis in lymphoma cells, while the S1P-ALOX15 signaling mediated macrophage polarization towards TAMs exacerbated the lymphomagenesis. In addition, treatment with resveratrol in obesity-lymphoma mice showed profound effects of anti-lymphomagenesis, via down-regulating S1P-YAP axis and modulating polarization of macrophages.S1P/S1PR initiated the feedback loops, whereby S1P-S1PR1/S1PR3-YAP signaling mediated lymphomagenesis contributing to tumor aggressive growth, while S1P-ALOX15 signaling mediated TAMs contributing to immunosuppressive microenvironment in obesity-lymphoma. S1P-targeted therapy could be potentially effective and immune-enhancive against obesity-lymphomagenesis. 

/pdf/s1pr1-s1pr3-yap-signaling-and-s1p-alox15-signaling-3b35uqw7.pdf

Jingsong Guo

Papers

Phytoplankton biomass size structure and its regulation in the Southern Yellow Sea (China): Seasonal variability

Research on input-output effect evaluation method of power grid technical transformation project based on DEA theory

S1PR1/S1PR3-YAP signaling and S1P-ALOX15 signaling contribute to an aggressive behavior in obesity-lymphoma