Joel W. Ochieng

TL;DR: The genetic signatures of its origins, secondary movements, and differentiation through the study of 15 microsatellite loci in 50 indigenous cattle breeds spanning the present cattle distribution in Africa reveal a major entry point through the Horn and the East Coast of Africa and two modes of introgression into the continent.

TL;DR: Human migration, phenotypic preferences by the pastoralists, adaptation to specific habitats and to specific diseases are the main factors explaining the present‐day distribution of the alleles in sub‐Saharan Africa.

TL;DR: Analysis of hybridization of banteng and zebu in south-east Asian cattle using mitochondrial DNA, AFLP, satellite fragment length polymorphisms, and microsatellite genotyping found tools suitable for the detection of species in introgression studies, which are essential for the genetic description of local breeds and the preservation of their economic and cultural value.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrated that simultaneous production of anthocyanins and betalains is possible in cell cultures and seedlings of producing plants by introducing and ex-pression of genes encoding dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) dioxygenases in combination with substrate precursor feeding.

TL;DR: The results do not support the present classification of the indigenous Kenyan dromedary into four distinct breeds based on socio-geographical criteria and point to just two separate genetic entities, the Somali and a group including the Gabbra, Rendille and Turkana populations.