John M. Roll

TL;DR: Study findings suggest that CM is among the more effective approaches to promoting abstinence during the treatment of substance use disorders, thereby allowing clients to take fuller advantage of other clinical treatment components.

TL;DR: The abstinence-based incentive procedure, which provided a mean of 203 dollars in prizes per participant, was efficacious in improving retention and associated abstinence outcomes.

TL;DR: An abstinence incentive approach that paid 120 dollars in prizes per participant effectively increased stimulant abstinence in community-based methadone maintenance treatment clinics.

TL;DR: Persistent pain, defined as self-reported pain "every day" or "most days" in the preceding 3 months, is a useful way to characterize health-related quality of life in the general population, and policy makers should consider including this core measure in ongoing health surveys like the National Health Interview Survey and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, the authors conclude.

TL;DR: Failure to find more substantial changes in transporter levels and neurocognitive function may be attributed to the length of time that MA users were abstinent, although there were no correlations with length of abstinence.