Mitigation from a cross-sectoral perspective

The science of the total environment

Global warming and climate change concerns have triggered global efforts to reduce the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is considered a crucial strategy for meeting CO2 emission reduction targets. In this paper, various aspects of CCS are reviewed and discussed including the state of the art technologies for CO2 capture, separation, transport, storage, leakage, monitoring, and life cycle analysis. The selection of specific CO2 capture technology heavily depends on the type of CO2 generating plant and fuel used. Among those CO2 separation processes, absorption is the most mature and commonly adopted due to its higher efficiency and lower cost. Pipeline is considered to be the most viable solution for large volume of CO2 transport. Among those geological formations for CO2 storage, enhanced oil recovery is mature and has been practiced for many years but its economical viability for anthropogenic sources needs to be demonstrated. There are growing interests in CO2 storage in saline aquifers due to their enormous potential storage capacity and several projects are in the pipeline for demonstration of its viability. There are multiple hurdles to CCS deployment including the absence of a clear business case for CCS investment and the absence of robust economic incentives to support the additional high capital and operating costs of the whole CCS process.

https://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/96980/Current-status-carbon-capture.pdf

An overview of current status of carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies

A review on the utilization of fly ash

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is broadly recognised as having the potential to play a key role in meeting climate change targets, delivering low carbon heat and power, decarbonising industry and, more recently, its ability to facilitate the net removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. However, despite this broad consensus and its technical maturity, CCS has not yet been deployed on a scale commensurate with the ambitions articulated a decade ago. Thus, in this paper we review the current state-of-the-art of CO2 capture, transport, utilisation and storage from a multi-scale perspective, moving from the global to molecular scales. In light of the COP21 commitments to limit warming to less than 2 °C, we extend the remit of this study to include the key negative emissions technologies (NETs) of bioenergy with CCS (BECCS), and direct air capture (DAC). Cognisant of the non-technical barriers to deploying CCS, we reflect on recent experience from the UK's CCS commercialisation programme and consider the commercial and political barriers to the large-scale deployment of CCS. In all areas, we focus on identifying and clearly articulating the key research challenges that could usefully be addressed in the coming decade.

/pdf/carbon-capture-and-storage-ccs-the-way-forward-11rgsqyer0.pdf

Carbon capture and storage (CCS): the way forward

https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/envir_e/wksp_envir_nov12_e/3floriankern_sprusussexuniversity_e.pdf

Carbon Capture and Storage

https://www.geos.ed.ac.uk/ccs/Publications/UKCCS/Chalmers07.pdf

Initial evaluation of the impact of post-combustion capture of carbon dioxide on supercritical pulverised coal power plant part load performance

Residual carbon from pulverized coal fired boilers: 1. Size distribution and combustion reactivity

Publisher Summary
This chapter represents a reasonable baseline of oxy-combustion; the process evaluation was based on proven technology, where possible, with oxygen production based on cryogenic separation technology and the recycle system utilizing either flue gas or CO2. Process flow diagrams (PFDs) were developed and heat and mass balances (HMBs) compiled to model the overall oxy-combustion process. The PFDs/HMBs analysis produced data allows specifications for the major plant items to be developed; this in turn allows budget capital costs for the major components to be assessed and operating philosophies to be investigated. Aspects of the oxy-combustion process which impact on the safety and operability of the power plant were also highlighted in this chapter. Finally an economic analysis was performed similar to that undertaken on integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power generation to arrive at the power cost per kWh. The basic cost elements being capital cost, operating cost, and agreed economic parameters. A sensitivity analysis was undertaken to compare the influence of discount rate and fuel costs on power costs.

Jon Gibbins

Papers

Carbon Capture and Storage

Initial evaluation of the impact of post-combustion capture of carbon dioxide on supercritical pulverised coal power plant part load performance

Residual carbon from pulverized coal fired boilers: 1. Size distribution and combustion reactivity

Oxy-combustion processes for CO2 capture from advanced supercritical PF and NGCC power plant

Development of TG measurements of intrinsic char combustion reactivity for industrial and research purposes