Kenji Sumida, David L. Rogow, Jarad A. Mason, Thomas M. McDonald, Eric D. Bloch, Zoey R. Herm, Tae-Hyun Bae, Jeffrey R. Long

Carbon Dioxide Capture in Metal–Organic Frameworks

A series of four isostructural microporous coordination polymers (MCPs) differing in metal composition is demonstrated to exhibit exceptional uptake of CO2 at low pressures and ambient temperature. These conditions are particularly relevant for capture of flue gas from coal-fired power plants. A magnesium-based material is presented that is the highest surface area magnesium MCP yet reported and displays ultrahigh affinity based on heat of adsorption for CO2. This study demonstrates that physisorptive materials can achieve affinities and capacities competitive with amine sorbents while greatly reducing the energy cost associated with regeneration.

Dramatic tuning of carbon dioxide uptake via metal substitution in a coordination polymer with cylindrical pores.

It is emergent to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel combustion and thereby limit climate destabilization. In order to achieve the industrial scenario of CCS, there is a need for the discovery of better solid CO2 adsorbents that realize great improvement of selective capacity and stability to moisture as well as significant reductions in energy requirements and costs. In this review, we provide an overview of the current status of the emerging microporous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for the storage and separation of carbon dioxide. We summarize the main factors for CO2 capture performance of MOF materials under different working conditions, in comparison with those for zeolite materials. At the same time, we analyze the relationship among porous structures, pore/window sizes, capacity, selectivity and enthalpy of porous MOFs for CCS, which will give us clues for the design and synthesis of MOF materials as CO2 adsorbents.

Perspective of microporous metal–organic frameworks for CO2 capture and separation

Removal of congo red using activated carbon and its regeneration

Porous Inorganic Membranes for CO2 Capture: Present and Prospects

The adsorption equilibria of CO2 on zeolite 13X and zeolite X/activated carbon composite (Zeocarbon) were measured by a static volumetric method. The equilibrium experiments were conducted at (273.15, 293.15, 313.15, 333.15, and 353.15) K and at pressures up to 102.0 kPa for zeolite 13X and 99.7 kPa for Zeocarbon. The experimental data obtained were correlated by the Toth, UNILAN, and Sips models, which are generally used for microporous adsorbents such as zeolites and activated carbon. The isosteric enthalpies of adsorption were calculated for CO2 on both adsorbents.

Adsorption Equilibria of CO2 on Zeolite 13X and Zeolite X/Activated Carbon Composite

The adsorption equilibria of water vapor on Al2O3, zeolite 13X, and a zeolite X/activated carbon composite (Zeocarbon) were measured by a static volumetric method. The equilibrium experiments were conducted at (293.2, 313.2, 333.1, and 353.1) K and pressures up to 2.1 kPa for Al2O3 and 2.3 kPa for zeolite 13X and Zeocarbon, respectively. The experimental data obtained were correlated by the Aranovich and Donohue (A−D) and n-layer BET models.

Adsorption equilibria of water vapor on alumina, zeolite 13X, and a zeolite X/activated carbon composite

Adsorption and thermal regeneration of acetone and toluene vapors in dealuminated Y-zeolite bed

Adsorption and thermal regeneration dynamics of acetone on activated carbon were compared to those of toluene. The adsorption isotherms of acetone on the activated carbon were type-II, but they approached type-III with an increase in temperature. On the other hand, those of toluene were type-I in the experimental range. Although the temperature excursion of toluene was higher than that of acetone in the activated carbon bed, the breakthrough shape of toluene was steeper due to the strong adsorption affinity. Compared to toluene, more concentrated acetone within shorter period of time could be obtained from the activated carbon bed by hot nitrogen purge regeneration because its isotherm approached type-III at high temperature. Therefore, the energy requirement and purge gas consumption for acetone desorption were significantly changed with purge gas velocity, regeneration temperature, and initial bed loading, which was different from toluene. A nonequilibrium and nonadiabatic/nonisothermal model was used t...

Sorption Equilibrium and Thermal Regeneration of Acetone and Toluene Vapors on an Activated Carbon

An anti-corrosive reactor was studied, which decomposes halogenated organic compounds by way of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO). Two different types of SCWO reactor were used: a floating type reactor using a non-porous ceramic tube and a transpiring wall-type SCWO reactor using a porous ceramic tube. Reactor configurations were evaluated to protect a SCWO system from corrosion, due to halogenated hydrocarbon oxidation, and fouling, due to salt formation from the neutralizing agent. At various operating conditions (340–440 °C, 250–300 bar) and concentrations (300–3000 mg 2,4-dichloropenol/L), the system was operated to decompose 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) as a model compound with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Back-mixing led to corrosion of the injection part of the transpiring wall-type reactor. However, 2,4-DCP was successfully destroyed up to ≥99.99% without corrosion or fouling problems with a floating type SCWO system. As the range of the supercritical zone in the reactor was changed by the operating conditions, the conversion of 2,4-DCP increased with an increase in the reaction temperature and pressure. Therefore, residence time in the SCWO process played a key role in the decomposition efficiency of the developed system. Under the conditions of 420 °C, 250 bar and a 1 mL/min flow rate, 2,4-DCP at a concentration of 300 mg/L was completely converted using a stoichiometric amount of 100% of H 2 O 2 . In the case of 3000 mg/L of 2,4-DCP, complete conversion was observed under the conditions of 440 °C, 250 bar and with over 200% of H 2 O 2 supply. The floating type reactor, consisted of one vertical double-wall reactor including neutralization and cooling, was successfully operated for more than 5 months for SCWO of 2,4-DCP without corrosion and fouling.

Jong Hwa Kim

Papers

Adsorption Equilibria of CO2 on Zeolite 13X and Zeolite X/Activated Carbon Composite

Adsorption equilibria of water vapor on alumina, zeolite 13X, and a zeolite X/activated carbon composite

Adsorption and thermal regeneration of acetone and toluene vapors in dealuminated Y-zeolite bed

Sorption Equilibrium and Thermal Regeneration of Acetone and Toluene Vapors on an Activated Carbon

An anti-corrosive reactor for the decomposition of halogenated hydrocarbons with supercritical water oxidation