Response of a group of piles to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading by large scale shake table testing

ON the average a little earthquake occurs in the world every fifteen minutes Great earthquakes occur on the average about every four days, but it is only on rare occasions that they hit populated districts The majority of the latter originate beneath deep oceans or in uninhabited mountain regions, and as neither little fish nor wandering tribes write letters to the Times, all we know about their occurrence comes from the observations of enthusiastic seismologists Nineteen hundred and six, however, was a bad year for humanity, and exhibitions of seismic relief took place in many districts On January 31 a great disaster occurred in Colombia On April 4 many soldiers and natives lost their lives in the Kangra Valley On April 14 nearly 6000 houses fell in Formosa, whilst four days later San Francisco and other towns in Central California were reduced to ruins On June 14, Kingston, in Jamaica, was badly shattered, and in the autumn, on August 17, Valparaiso and Santiago fell In connection with the disaster at San Francisco, British shareholders in insurance companies were called upon for twelve million pounds, whilst towards the reconstruction in Kingston their contribution was two millions What they paid for the happenings in other parts of the world I do not know, but it is quite certain that attention was directed to the fact that even the inhabitants of the British islands were not entirely beyond the pale of the vagaries of Mater Terra The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906 Report of the State Earthquake Investigation Committee (in two vols and atlas) Vol ii, The Mechanics of the Earthquake By Harry F Reid Pp viii + 192 (Washington: Carnegie Institution, 1910)

The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906

Pile response to liquefaction-induced lateral spreading: a shake-table investigation

Four large laminar-box shaking table experiments are conducted to document pile response due to the mechanism of liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. Single-pile and pile-group configura...

Pile and Pile-Group Response to Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading in Four Large-Scale Shake-Table Experiments

Experimental modeling of large pile groups in sloping ground subjected to liquefaction-induced lateral flow: 1-g shaking table tests

One-g shake-table experiments are conducted to explore the response of single piles due to liquefaction-induced lateral soil flow. The piles are embedded in saturated Medium Relative Density (Dr) sand strata 1.7–5.0 m in thickness. Peak lateral pile displacements and bending moments are recorded and analyzed by uniform and triangular pressure distributions. On this basis, the observed levels of pile bending moment upon liquefaction suggest a hydrostatic lateral pressure approximately equal to that due to the total overburden stress. Using the experimental data, comparisons with current recommendations are made, and the Showa Bridge case history is briefly assessed.

Jorge Menses

Papers

Liquefaction-induced lateral load on pile in a medium dr sand layer