Showing papers by "José Salt published in 2020"

The ATLAS Experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Abstract: The ATLAS detector as installed in its experimental cavern at point 1 at CERN is described in this paper. A brief overview of the expected performance of the detector when the Large Hadron Collider begins operation is also presented.

Combined measurements of Higgs boson production and decay using up to 80 fb− 1 of proton-proton collision data at √s=13 TeV collected with the ATLAS experiment

Abstract: Combined measurements of Higgs boson production cross sections and branching fractions arc presented. The combination is based on the analyses of the Higgs boson decay modes H -> gamma gamma, ZZ ...

Performance of electron and photon triggers in ATLAS during LHC Run 2

Abstract: Electron and photon triggers covering transverse energies from 5 GeV to several TeV are essential for the ATLAS experiment to record signals for a wide variety of physics: from Standard Model processes to searches for new phenomena in both proton–proton and heavy-ion collisions. To cope with a fourfold increase of peak LHC luminosity from 2015 to 2018 (Run 2), to 2.1×1034cm-2s-1, and a similar increase in the number of interactions per beam-crossing to about 60, trigger algorithms and selections were optimised to control the rates while retaining a high efficiency for physics analyses. For proton–proton collisions, the single-electron trigger efficiency relative to a single-electron offline selection is at least 75% for an offline electron of 31 GeV, and rises to 96% at 60 GeV; the trigger efficiency of a 25 GeV leg of the primary diphoton trigger relative to a tight offline photon selection is more than 96% for an offline photon of 30 GeV. For heavy-ion collisions, the primary electron and photon trigger efficiencies relative to the corresponding standard offline selections are at least 84% and 95%, respectively, at 5 GeV above the corresponding trigger threshold.

Search for direct stau production in events with two hadronic τ-leptons in s =13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: A search for the direct production of the supersymmetric partners of τ -leptons (staus) in final states with two hadronically decaying τ -leptons is presented. The analysis uses a dataset of p p collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 , recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant deviation from the expected Standard Model background is observed. Limits are derived in scenarios of direct production of stau pairs with each stau decaying into the stable lightest neutralino and one τ -lepton in simplified models where the two stau mass eigenstates are degenerate. Stau masses from 120 GeV to 390 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a massless lightest neutralino.

Search for squarks and gluinos in final states with same-sign leptons and jets using 139 fb −1 of data collected with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: A search for supersymmetric partners of gluons and quarks is presented, involving signatures with jets and either two isolated leptons (electrons or muons) with the same electric charge, or at leas ...

Observation of electroweak production of two jets and a $Z$-boson pair with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Abstract: Electroweak symmetry breaking explains the origin of the masses of elementary particles via their interactions with the Higgs field. Besides the measurements of the Higgs boson properties, the study of the scattering of massive vector bosons (with spin one) at the Large Hadron Collider allows to probe the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking with an unprecedented sensitivity. Among all processes related to vector-boson scattering, the electroweak production of two jets and a $Z$-boson pair is a rare and important one. This article reports on the first observation of this process using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector. Two different final states originating from the decays of the $Z$-boson pair, one containing four charged leptons and the other containing two charged leptons and two neutrinos, are considered. The hypothesis of no electroweak production is rejected with a statistical significance of 5.5 $\sigma$, and the measured cross-section for electroweak production is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. In addition, cross-sections for inclusive production of a $Z$-boson pair and two jets are reported for the two final states.

Observation of the associated production of a top quark and a Z boson in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: Single top-quark production in association with a Z boson, where the Z boson decays to a pair of charged leptons, is measured in the trilepton channel. The proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment from 2015 to 2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{−1}$. Events containing three isolated charged leptons (electrons or muons) and two or three jets, one of which is identified as containing a b-hadron, are selected. The main backgrounds are from $ t\overline{t}Z $ and diboson production. Neural networks are used to improve the background rejection and extract the signal. The measured cross-section for tl$^{+}$l$^{−}$q production, including non-resonant dilepton pairs with $ {m}_{{\mathrm{\ell}}^{+}{\mathrm{\ell}}^{-}} $> 30 GeV, is 97 ± 13 (stat.) ± 7 (syst.) fb, consistent with the Standard Model prediction.[graphic not available: see fulltext]

Test of the universality of $\tau$ and $\mu$ lepton couplings in $W$-boson decays from $t\bar{t}$ events with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: The Standard Model of particle physics encapsulates our current best understanding of physics at the smallest scales. A fundamental axiom of this theory is the universality of the couplings of the different generations of leptons to the electroweak gauge bosons. The measurement of the ratio of the rate of decay of $W$ bosons to $\tau$-leptons and muons, $R(\tau/\mu) = B(W \to \tau u_\tau)/B(W \to \mu u_\mu)$, constitutes an important test of this axiom. A measurement of this quantity with a novel technique using di-leptonic $t\bar{t}$ events is presented based on 139 fb${}^{-1}$ of data recorded with the ATLAS detector in proton--proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. Muons originating from $W$ bosons and those originating from an intermediate $\tau$-lepton are distinguished using the lifetime of the $\tau$-lepton, through the muon transverse impact parameter, and differences in the muon transverse momentum spectra. The value of $R(\tau/\mu)$ is found to be $0.992 \pm 0.013 [\pm 0.007 (stat) \pm 0.011 (syst)]$ and is in agreement with the hypothesis of universal lepton couplings as postulated in the Standard Model. This is the most precise measurement of this ratio, and the only such measurement from the Large Hadron Collider, to date.

Charged-lepton-flavour violation at the LHC: a search for $Z\to e\tau/\mu\tau$ decays with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: In the Standard Model of particle physics, leptons are key building blocks of matter and come in three families (flavours). Leptons of different flavours have the same properties, except for their mass. In addition, the number of leptons in each family is conserved in interactions. Such conservation is known as lepton flavour conservation, and no fundamental principles impose it. Since the formulation of the Standard Model, the observation of flavour oscillations among neutrinos (the neutral leptons) has demonstrated that neutrinos have mass and in neutrino weak interactions the lepton flavour is not conserved. To date, there is no experimental evidence that lepton flavour violation occurs in interactions between charged leptons, and an observation of such a phenomenon would be an exciting sign of new particles or new type of interactions beyond the Standard Model. The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN sets a new constraint on lepton-flavour-violating effects in weak interactions, searching for $Z$-boson decays into a $\tau$-lepton and another lepton of different flavour ($e$ or $\mu$) with opposite electric charge. The branching fractions for these decays are now measured by the ATLAS experiment to be less than $8.1\times10^{-6}$ ($e\tau$) and $9.5\times10^{-6}$ ($\mu\tau$) at 95% confidence level, using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV. These results supersede the best limits set by the LEP experiments more than two decades ago.

Data-centric Graphical User Interface of the ATLAS Event Index Service

Abstract: The Event Index service of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC keeps references to all real and simulated events. Hadoop Map files and HBase tables are used to store the Event Index data, a subset of data is also stored in the Oracle database. Several user interfaces are currently used to access and search the data, from a simple command line interface, through a programmable API, to sophisticated graphical web services. It provides a dynamic graph-like overview of all available data (and data collections). Data are shown together with their relations, like paternity or overlaps. Each data entity then gives users a set of actions available for the referenced data. Some actions are provided directly by the Event Index system, others are just interfaces to different ATLAS services. In many cases, specialized views are offered for detailed data inspection, such as histograms, Venn diagrams, etc.This paper documents the current status of the service, its features and performance. The future system evolution to the new Event Index architecture based on the Apache Phoenix is also described as well as possible extension to a more general framework for giving a new, more intuitive access to experiment data.

Comparison of different ML methods applied to the classification of events with ttbar in the final state at the ATLAS experiment

Abstract: This contribution describes the experience with the application of different Machine Learning (ML) techniques to a physics analysis case. The use case chosen is the classification of top-antitop events coming from BSM or from SM using data from a repository of simulated events. The features of these events are represented by their kinematic observables. The initial objective was to compare different ML methods in order to see whether they can lead to an improvement in the classification, but the work has also helped us to test many variations in the methods by changing hyper-parameters, using different optimisers, ensembles, etc. With this information we have been able to conduct a comparative study that is useful for ensuring as complete control as possible of the methodology.