THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

This book, written by two major figures in adaptive control, provides a wealth of material for researchers, practitioners, and students. While some researchers in adaptive control may note the absence of a particular topic, the book‘s scope represents a high-gain instrument. It can be used by designers of control systems to enhance their work through the information on many new theoretical developments, and can be used by mathematical control theory specialists to adapt their research to practical needs. The book is strongly recommended to anyone interested in adaptive control.

Adaptive Control

Microgrids are now emerging from lab benches and pilot demonstration sites into commercial markets, driven by technological improvements, falling costs, a proven track record, and growing recognition of their benefits. They are being used to improve reliability and resilience of electrical grids, to manage the addition of distributed clean energy resources like wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) generation to reduce fossil fuel emissions, and to provide electricity in areas not served by centralized electrical infrastructure. This review article (1) explains what a microgrid is, and (2) provides a multi-disciplinary portrait of today's microgrid drivers, real-world applications, challenges, and future prospects.

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Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues

The limitation of hot spot cooling in microchips represents an important hurdle for the electronics industry to overcome with coolers yet to exceed the efficiencies required. Nanotechnology-enabled heat sinks that can be magnetophoretically formed onto the hot spots within a microfluidic environment are presented. CrO2 nanoparticles, which are dynamically chained and docked onto the hot spots, establish tuneable high-aspect-ratio nanofins for the heat exchange between these hot spots and the liquid coolant. These nanofins can also be grown and released on demand, absorbing and releasing the heat from the hot spots into the microfluidic system. It is shown that both high aspect ratio and flexibility of the fins have a dramatic effect on increasing the heat sinking efficiency. The system has the potential to offer a practical cooling solution for future electronics.

Dynamic nanofin heat sinks

This paper presents a comprehensive review and assessment of the latest research and advancement of electric vehicles (EVs) interaction with smart grid portraying the future electric power system model. The concept goal of the smart grid along with the future deployment of the EVs puts forward various challenges in terms of electric grid infrastructure, communication and control. Following an intensive review on advanced smart metering and communication infrastructures, the strategy for integrating the EVs into the electric grid is presented. Various EV smart charging technologies are also extensively examined with the perspective of their potential, impacts and limitations under the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) phenomenon. Moreover, the high penetration of renewable energy sources (wind and photovoltaic solar) is soaring up into the power system. However, their intermittent power output poses different challenges on the planning, operation and control of the power system networks. On the other hand, the deployment of EVs in the energy market can compensate for the fluctuations of the electric grid. In this context, a literature review on the integration of the renewable energy and the latest feasible solution using EVs with the insight of the promising research gap to be covered up are investigated. Furthermore, the feasibility of the smart V2G system is thoroughly discussed. In this paper, the EVs interactions with the smart grid as the future energy system model are extensively discussed and research gap is revealed for the possible solutions.

Electric vehicles and smart grid interaction: A review on vehicle to grid and renewable energy sources integration

This paper establishes an analysis method of permanent magnet assistant synchronous motor (PMA SynRM) with asymmetric barrier. In a general motor analysis method, the inductance is calculated using the dq-axis vector diagram. In addition, the characteristics of the motor are analyzed by separating the magnetic torque and the reluctance torque. However, in an asymmetric motor, the magnetic neutral plane (MNP) is shifted because the magnetic permeance is asymmetric. Therefore, it is difficult to analysis the characteristic of the asymmetric motor because it involves errors applying the general analysis method. In this paper, the magnetic property of the asymmetric motor is analyzed and the analysis method of asymmetric motor is proposed. To verify the proposed analysis method, PMA SynRM is designed as a conventional model. Furthermore, the magnetic torque and reluctance torque are separated through the proposed analysis method. The validity of the proposed analysis method is verified through finite element analysis (FEA) and manufacture of the conventional model.

Study on Analysis Method of Asymmetric Permanent Magnet Assistance Synchronous Reluctance Motor Considering Magnetic Neutral Plane Shift

In the past, most analysis of eddy-current brakes published used 2D FEM analysis or analytic method. However, analytic computation or 2D FEM analysis of the braking force is impossible without major simplification of the phenomena. Especially complex geometry such as slit of disc cannot be fully considered by 2D FEM analysis. In this paper, the influence of slit construction upon the performance of eddy-current brake is considered by 3D FEM.

The influence of slit construction on the eddy current braking torque considered by 3D FEM analysis

This paper proposes comparison with starting characteristics between ferrite and NdFeB magnet of the single-phase LSPMSM (line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor). A single phase LSPMSM has been investigated to improve the efficiency. The single phase LSPMSM has a permanent magnet (PM) inserted rotor which generates magnet torque and reluctance torque. The torque fluctuates due to asynchronous motion during transient state. The torques act as a breaking torque which make the motor not to start. This paper shows the starting characteristics of the Ferrite Magnet LSPMSM and the NdFeB Magnet LSPMSM.

A study on the starting characteristics in single -phase line-start permanent magnet motor

This article presents an optimal design for a single-phase line start synchronous motor according to permanent magnet and flux barrier geometries. To explore the improved torque and efficiency over that of conventional single-phase induction motors for compressors, three types of magnet shape and flux barrier are introduced. A time-stepped two-dimensional finite-element method that considers the external running capacitor is used for analysis of the steady state characteristics. Counter electromotive force at the rated speed, Ld and Lq inductances, torque, and efficiency are calculated to optimize the shape of the magnet and the flux barrier. From the torque and efficiency characteristics taking variation of the load angle into consideration in the steady state, we can determine an optimal design for the permanent magnet and the flux barrier.

Magnet shape optimization for high performance single-phase line start synchronous motor

This paper presents starting method using position estimation for sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The position estimation method with calculation of parameter of motor is used. To drive the motor in low speed, it can be accomplished in several ways. The rotor position estimation is performed at low speed and at standstill. After initial rotor position is determined by open loop control, high frequency injection and rotor alignment, the motor will be start. It is used to make the motor up to a certain speed. And then motor will work properly by the conventional sensorless control algorithms based on the back electromotive force (BEMF). The characteristics between open loop control and estimation technique are compared. The starting scheme of motor is implemented on a single DSP controller.

Ju Lee

Papers

Study on Analysis Method of Asymmetric Permanent Magnet Assistance Synchronous Reluctance Motor Considering Magnetic Neutral Plane Shift

The influence of slit construction on the eddy current braking torque considered by 3D FEM analysis

A study on the starting characteristics in single -phase line-start permanent magnet motor

Magnet shape optimization for high performance single-phase line start synchronous motor

Research on the starting methods for initial driving of PMSM