One of the most important open issues in industrial automation is a nonlinear dynamical system identification. In the following paper, the grey and black box approaches are implemented for hot water boiler modeling and identification. First-principles approach is applied to the hot water boiler modeling, and symbolic regression is performed for identification of the same industrial process. Then, the implementation of both methods is described. The resulting models are validated and compared on the basis of performance metrics. Finally, the encountered problems in the realization of the methods are reviewed.

Modeling and Identification of an Industrial Hot Water Boiler

This article dwells on the scientific study of the vortical device for the efficient combustion of fossil fuels. The innovative burner device under investigation is based on principal of vortical motion of fuel air mixture. There is a precombustion chamber, where inflammation and partial combustion of the swirling flow takes place. Mathematical model has been developed and discussed in the article too, which enables to calculate the distribution of the tangential speed of the swirling flow, the distribution of the angular velocity, static pressure drop, and air resistance loss in the space of the vortical burner chamber (precombustion). The article also describes experiment on defining the geometric dimensioning of the burner discharge nozzle in relation to a combustion chamber. During the experiment, the exhaust nozzle was moved into the chamber. The recommended degree of deepening is 47–50% of the total length of the precombustion chamber.

Complex Studies of the Innovative Vortex Burner Device with Optimization of Design

This report dwells on the scientific study of the vortical device. The device is designed for efficient combustion of fossil fuels. Oil-water emulsion was taken as an example of alternative fuel. Although the functionality of the burner device is not limited to this fuel only. The innovative burner device under investigation is based on principal of vortical motion of fuel air mixture. There is a precombustion chamber specially designed, where inflammation and partial combustion of the swirling flow takes place. The article describes experiment on defining the geometric dimensioning of the burner discharge nozzle in relation to a combustion chamber. The position of the outlet nozzle inside of the burner is the main input parameter of this research. The authors analyzed the influence of this parameter on the pressure inside the combustion chamber and the electric load of the fan for the supplying combustion air. The position ranged from 0 to 120%. The optimal position is at 50% of the total length of the burner chamber. The pressure graph has an extremum in this position, and the electric energy consumption by the fan changes less significantly with further deepening of the output nozzle than earlier. The Results are presented for cold (air blowing only) and hot experiment (burning). This experiment proved the need for the design of the inner part of the discharge nozzle, which is a design feature of the burner device for which the European patent was obtained. The patent link is presented in the list of references.

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Experimental test of Water-Oil Emulsion Combustion

The article analyzes the main reasons for the unsatisfactory operation of equipment at its location in the end sections of the coke oven gas distribution system in the thermal power system of a metallurgical enterprise. The possible causes of changes in the pressure of coke oven gas are determined. The structure of a multilevel system of diagnostics and control based on the use of the concept of Smart Grid is proposed, which allows solving the problem of pressure stabilization in front of the network end user at the level of cost redistribution by consumers. The use of the system allows for the initial selection and preparation of diagnostic signals, including digitization, mathematical processing of the received data, making intermediate diagnostic decisions, signaling possible defects, accumulation, full processing and in-depth data analysis, quick response to alarms from the lowest level, making diagnostic decisions on the object of diagnostics as a whole, archiving statistical data, predicting reliability and estimating the residual resource equipment, planning repair work, presenting data to various users and ensuring the protection of the system and its information from possible external interventions.

Improving the Efficiency of Using Automated Accounting Systems and Management of Secondary Energy Resources in a Metallurgical Plant

The paper presents the rationale for the introduction of Grid-technologies at power plants of metallurgical enterprises of a full cycle. On its basis, an analysis is made of the efficiency of the power plant of a metallurgical enterprise during the summer season using the example of PJSC «Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works » (Russia, Magnitogorsk). A relationship was found between specific fuel consumption for sold electricity and various factors. The method of calculating the estimated cost of electricity in a selected period of time. The analysis showed that the introduction of modern technologies at power plants will allow promptly making the calculations necessary to predict the optimal use of various fuels, including secondary energy resources, in order to minimize the cost of electricity produced.

Organization of Energy Saving during Work of Power Station of Metallurgical Enterprise in a Summer Period with the Use of the Software Modules

Heating sources of Vladivostok with boilers reconstructed in 2011 to gas burning is presented. The historical reference of the experience of boiler conversion to cyclone-swirl technology of burning of fuel oil and gas is given. Stages of the primary furnace and boiler upgrading are shown. Taking BKZ 75-16 and BKZ-120-100 boilers as examples, the principal differences of the swirl type of fuel burning from the burner type are demonstrated. Data of the KVGM-100–150 MTs boiler with cyclone-swirl burning of gas and fuel oil is represented. The mathematical model developed for the primary furnace with the 65 MW capacity gives detailed explanations to the features of mixing in the combustion chamber of the primary furnace, which substantiate conditions and places of the fuel injection. The practical result is supported by test data obtained on the operating equipment. To enhance the effectiveness of fuel consumption on six converted KVGM-100-150 MTs boilers, the convective section was restructured and the water circulation circuit was optimized. Comparative analysis of estimated and operating characteristics showed the efficiency increment. The application of cyclone-swirl technology made it possible to increase the effectiveness of the KVGM-100-150 boiler and improve its environmental indicators.

Conversion of KVGM-100–150 boilers to cyclone-swirl burning of gas

Development the technology for the production of thermal energy using biomass

The paper analyzes the hydrodynamic instability of a cylindrical flame stabilized in a converging rotating gas flow simulating the flow in a cyclone combustion chamber. The analysis was carried out within the framework of a two-dimensional model describing the gas flow with radial and tangential supply of combustible gas through the walls of a cylindrical chamber. In the stationary case, the gas flow in combustion products and the combustible mixture is described by the solution for a rotating tornado-shaped vortex. The rotation of the gas creates a centrifugal force, which has a stabilizing effect on the flame perturbations. The dependences of the perturbations growth rate on the wave vector of perturbations, the radial and tangential inlet gas velocities, and other parameters of the problem are obtained. The analytical criterion of neutral stability separating regions of stable flame with respect of any perturbations and flame instability in the plane of radial and tangential velocities is obtained. In the absence of rotation and at the large flame radii, the model converts into the Landau- Darrieus model of flame hydrodynamic instability.

Hydrodynamic instability of premixed tubular flame stabilized in stretched rotating flow

In this study, properties of briquettes based on coal with the addition of industrial waste, such as residual fuel oil (mazut), bitumen, cellulosic materials, were investigated. The thermophysical characteristics of materials, the composition of the gas products of thermal decomposition, and the temperature ranges of the release of various combustible gases, time parameters, and CO concentrations at complete combustion in a combustible gas environment (propane / butane-air mixture) were measured. The humidity, ash content, and net calorific value of formed briquettes were determined. Additionally, the chemical composition of thermal decomposition products of the samples using IR-spectrums was obtained and analyzed. Temperatures at which the maximum absorption of IR radiation was observed for the detected components (H2O, CO2, CO, CH4, etc.) of gas mixtures were estimated. 

K. A. Shtym

Papers

Conversion of KVGM-100–150 boilers to cyclone-swirl burning of gas

Development the technology for the production of thermal energy using biomass

Hydrodynamic instability of premixed tubular flame stabilized in stretched rotating flow

Using an industrial waste as a component of fuel coal-based briquettes