9.2. Protein-Based Hg(II) Detectors 3467 9.3. Oligonucleotide-Based Hg(II) Detector 3467 9.4. DNAzyme-Based Hg(II) Detectors 3469 9.5. Antibody-Based Hg(II) Detector 3469 10. Mercury Detectors Based on Materials 3469 10.1. Soluble and Fluorescent Polymers 3469 10.2. Membranes, Films, and Fibers 3471 10.3. Micelles 3473 10.4. Nanoparticles 3473 11. Perspectives 3474 12. Addendum 3475 12.1. Small Molecules 3475 12.2. Biomolecules 3477 12.3. Materials 3477 13. List of Abbreviations 3477 14. Acknowledgments 3478 15. References 3478

Tools and tactics for the optical detection of mercuric ion.

Yuming Yang,†,§ Qiang Zhao,‡,§ Wei Feng,† and Fuyou Li*,† †Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China ‡Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, P. R. China.

Luminescent chemodosimeters for bioimaging.

Exposure to even very low levels of lead, cadmium, and mercury ions is known to cause neurological, reproductive, cardiovascular, and developmental disorders, which are more serious problems for children particularly. Accordingly, great efforts have been devoted to the development of fluorescent and colorimetric sensors, which can selectively detect lead, cadmium, and mercury ions. In this critical review, the fluorescent and colorimetric sensors are classified according to their receptors into several categories, including small molecule based sensors, calixarene based chemosensors, BODIPY based chemosensors, polymer based chemosensors, DNA functionalized sensing systems, protein based sensing systems and nanoparticle based sensing systems (197 references).

Fluorescent and colorimetric sensors for detection of lead, cadmium, and mercury ions

Fluorescent Chemosensors Based on Spiroring-Opening of Xanthenes and Related Derivatives Xiaoqiang Chen, Tuhin Pradhan, Fang Wang, Jong Seung Kim,* and Juyoung Yoon* Departments of Chemistry and Nano Science and of Bioinspired Science (WCU), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009, China Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea

Fluorescent chemosensors based on spiroring-opening of xanthenes and related derivatives.

Design strategies for water-soluble small molecular chromogenic and fluorogenic probes.

We report a new fluorescent chemosensor that displays an excellent selectivity for pyrophosphate over adenosine triphosphate or phosphate in 100% aqueous solution. A unique fluorescent change was observed upon formation of a 2+2 excimer of the chemosensor.

Pyrophosphate-selective fluorescent chemosensor at physiological pH: formation of a unique excimer upon addition of pyrophosphate.

Boronic acid-linked fluorescent and colorimetric probes for copper ions

Rhodamine urea derivatives as fluorescent chemosensors for Hg2

Fluorescent Molecular Logic Gates Using Microfluidic Devices

Hypochlorite (OCl–) plays a key role in the immune system and is involved in various diseases. Accordingly, direct detection of endogenous OCl– at the subcellular level is important for understanding inflammation and cellular apoptosis. In the current study, a two-photon fluorescent off/on probe (PNIS) bearing imidazoline-2-thione as an OCl– recognition unit and triphenylphosphine (TPP) as a mitochondrial-targeting group was synthesized and examined for its ability to image mitochondrial OCl– in situ. This probe, based on the specific reaction between imidazoline-2-thione and OCl–, displayed a selective fluorescent off/on response to OCl– with the various reactive oxygen species in a physiological medium. PNIS was successfully applied to image of endogenously produced mitochondrial OCl– in live RAW 264.7 cells via two-photon microscopy.

K.M.K. Swamy

Papers

Pyrophosphate-selective fluorescent chemosensor at physiological pH: formation of a unique excimer upon addition of pyrophosphate.

Boronic acid-linked fluorescent and colorimetric probes for copper ions

Rhodamine urea derivatives as fluorescent chemosensors for Hg2

Fluorescent Molecular Logic Gates Using Microfluidic Devices

A Selective Imidazoline-2-thione-Bearing Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Hypochlorous Acid in Mitochondria