From the Publisher: 
The accessible presentation of this book gives both a general view of the entire computer vision enterprise and also offers sufficient detail to be able to build useful applications. Users learn techniques that have proven to be useful by first-hand experience and a wide range of mathematical methods. A CD-ROM with every copy of the text contains source code for programming practice, color images, and illustrative movies. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book includes essential topics that either reflect practical significance or are of theoretical importance. Topics are discussed in substantial and increasing depth. Application surveys describe numerous important application areas such as image based rendering and digital libraries. Many important algorithms broken down and illustrated in pseudo code. Appropriate for use by engineers as a comprehensive reference to the computer vision enterprise.

Computer vision : a modern approach = 计算机视觉 : 一种现代的方法

International Journal of Computer and Applications

MUCKE aims to mine a large volume of images, to structure them conceptually and to use this conceptual structuring in order to improve large-scale image retrieval. The last decade witnessed important progress concerning low-level image representations. However, there are a number problems which need to be solved in order to unleash the full potential of image mining in applications. The central problem with low-level representations is the mismatch between them and the human interpretation of image content. This problem can be instantiated, for instance, by the incapability of existing descriptors to capture spatial relationships between the concepts represented or by their incapability to convey an explanation of why two images are similar in a content-based image retrieval framework. We start by assessing existing local descriptors for image classification and by proposing to use co-occurrence matrices to better capture spatial relationships in images. The main focus in MUCKE is on cleaning large scale Web image corpora and on proposing image representations which are closer to the human interpretation of images. Consequently, we introduce methods which tackle these two problems and compare results to state of the art methods. Note: some aspects of this deliverable are withheld at this time as they are pending review. Please contact the authors for a preview.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel2/4524/12820/00592460.pdf

Image Processing

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a special type of Neural Networks, which has shown exemplary performance on several competitions related to Computer Vision and Image Processing. Some of the exciting application areas of CNN include Image Classification and Segmentation, Object Detection, Video Processing, Natural Language Processing, and Speech Recognition. The powerful learning ability of deep CNN is primarily due to the use of multiple feature extraction stages that can automatically learn representations from the data. The availability of a large amount of data and improvement in the hardware technology has accelerated the research in CNNs, and recently interesting deep CNN architectures have been reported. Several inspiring ideas to bring advancements in CNNs have been explored, such as the use of different activation and loss functions, parameter optimization, regularization, and architectural innovations. However, the significant improvement in the representational capacity of the deep CNN is achieved through architectural innovations. Notably, the ideas of exploiting spatial and channel information, depth and width of architecture, and multi-path information processing have gained substantial attention. Similarly, the idea of using a block of layers as a structural unit is also gaining popularity. This survey thus focuses on the intrinsic taxonomy present in the recently reported deep CNN architectures and, consequently, classifies the recent innovations in CNN architectures into seven different categories. These seven categories are based on spatial exploitation, depth, multi-path, width, feature-map exploitation, channel boosting, and attention. Additionally, the elementary understanding of CNN components, current challenges, and applications of CNN are also provided.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10462-020-09825-6.pdf

A survey of the recent architectures of deep convolutional neural networks

Botnets play an important role in malware distribution and they are widely used for spreading malicious activities in the Internet. The study of the literature shows that a large subset of botnets use DNS poisoning to spread out malicious activities and that there are various methods for their detection using DNS queries. However, since botnets generate domain names quite frequently, the resolution of domain names can be very time consuming. Hence, the detection of botnets can be extremely difficult. This chapter propose a novel deep learning framework to detect malicious domains generated by malicious Domain Generation Algorithms (DGA). The proposed DGA detection method, named, Deep Bot Detect (DBD) is able to evaluate data from large scale networks without reverse engineering or performing Non-Existent Domain (NXDomain) inspection. The framework analyzes domain names and categorizes them using statistical features, which are extracted implicitly through deep learning architectures. The framework is tested and deployed in our lab environment. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework and shows that the proposed method has high accuracy and low false-positive rates. The proposed framework is a simple architecture that contains fewer learnable parameters compared to other character-based, short text classification models. Therefore, the proposed framework is faster to train and is less prone to over-fitting. The framework provides an early detection mechanism for the identification of Domain-Flux botnets propagating in a network and it helps keep the Internet clean from related malicious activities.

DBD: Deep Learning DGA-Based Botnet Detection

Here we propose a method for translating English sentences to Malayalam. This machine translation is done by rule based method. The core process is mediated by bilingual dictionaries and rules for converting source language structures into target language structures. The rules used in this approach are prepared based on the Parts Of Speech (POS) tag and dependency information obtained from the parser. There are mainly two types of rules used here, one is transfer link rule and the other is morphological rules. In this method, the transfer link rules are used for generating target structure. Morphological rules are used for assigning morphological features. The bilingual dictionary used here is English, Malayalam bilingual dictionary. By using this approach, a given English sentence can be translated to its Malayalam equivalent.

Rule Based Machine Translation from English to Malayalam

This paper is based on morphological analyzer using machine learning approach for complex agglutinative natural languages. Morphological analysis is concerned with retrieving the structure, the syntactic and morphological properties or the meaning of a morphologically complex word. The morphology structure of agglutinative language is unique and capturing its complexity in a machine analyzable and generatable format is a challenging job. Generally rule based approaches are used for building morphological analyzer system. In rule based approaches what works in the forward direction may not work in the backward direction. This new and state of the art machine learning approach based on sequence labeling and training by kernel methods captures the non-linear relationships in the different aspect of morphological features of natural languages in a better and simpler way. The overall accuracy obtained for the morphologically rich agglutinative language (Tamil) was really encouraging.

Morphological Analyzer for Agglutinative Languages Using Machine Learning Approaches

Font Recognition is one of the Challenging tasks in Optical Character Recognition. Most of the existing methods for font recognition make use of local typographical features and connected component analysis. In this paper, English font recognition is done based on global texture analysis. The main objective of this proposal is to employ support vector machines (SVM) in identifying various fonts. The feature vectors are extracted by making use of Gabor filters and the proposed SVM is trained using these features. The method is found to give superior performance over neural networks by avoiding local minima points. The SVM model is formulated tested and the results are presented in this paper. It is observed that this method is content independent and the SVM classifier shows an average accuracy of 93.54%.

A Novel Technique for English Font Recognition Using Support Vector Machines

The increasing number of cyberattacks in recent years has expedited development of innovative tools to quickly detect new threats. A recent approach to this problem is to analyze the content of online social networks to discover the rising of ransomware attacks. Twitter is a popular micro-blogging platform which allows millions of users to share their opinions on what happens all over the world. The subscribers can tweet messages of maximum 280 characters to share general information with URLs and hash tags. In this paper, we analysed 25 families of ransomware over a period of 7 years, from 2010 to 2017. We proposed a deep learning architecture to categorize ransomware tweets to their corresponding family. The proposed method can continuously monitor the online posts in social media data and thus is able to provide early warnings about ransomware spreads. This helps the incident management to better prioritize resources and procedures to mitigate the malicious activities. Tests have been performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method and results show the effectiveness of our implementation.

K. P. Soman

Papers

DBD: Deep Learning DGA-Based Botnet Detection

Rule Based Machine Translation from English to Malayalam

Morphological Analyzer for Agglutinative Languages Using Machine Learning Approaches

A Novel Technique for English Font Recognition Using Support Vector Machines

Ransomware Triage Using Deep Learning: Twitter as a Case Study