Recent advances in heterogeneous catalysis for green biodiesel production by transesterification

Investigation of CaO nanocatalyst synthesized from Acalypha indica leaves and its application in biodiesel production using waste cooking oil

The present study focused to synthesize the copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using novel Canthium coromandelicum leaves in a cost-effective, easy, and sustainable approach. The obtained Canthium coromandelicum-copper oxide nanoparticles (CC-CuONPs) were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR analysis, FESEM, HR-TEM imaging, and XRD study. The XRD pattern verified the development of crystalline CC-CuONPs with an average size of 33 nm. The biosynthesized CC-CuONPs were roughly spherical, according to HR-TEM and FESEM analyses. FT-IR research verified the existence of functional groups involved in CC-CuONPs production. Cu and O2 have high-energy signals of 78.32% and 12.78%, respectively, according to data from EDX. The photocatalytic evaluation showed that synthesized CC-CuONPs have the efficiency of degrading methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) by 91.32%, 89.35% respectively. The findings showed that biosynthesized CC-CuONPs might effectively remove contaminants in an environmentally acceptable manner. 

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of novel Canthium coromandelicum leaves based copper oxide nanoparticles for the degradation of textile dyes.

Nanotechnology emerged as a scientific innovation in the 21st century. Metallic nanoparticles (metal or metal oxide nanoparticles) have attained remarkable popularity due to their interesting biological, physical, chemical, magnetic, and optical properties. Metal-based nanoparticles can be prepared by utilizing different biological, physical, and chemical methods. The biological method is preferred as it provides a green, simple, facile, ecofriendly, rapid, and cost-effective route for the green synthesis of nanoparticles. Plants have complex phytochemical constituents such as carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, and proteins, which can behave as reducing and stabilizing agents. However, the mechanism of green synthesis by using plants is still highly debatable. In this report, we summarized basic principles or mechanisms of green synthesis especially for metal or metal oxide (i.e., ZnO, Au, Ag, and TiO2, Fe, Fe2O3, Cu, CuO, Co) nanoparticles. Finally, we explored the medical applications of plant-based nanoparticles in terms of antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activity.

Green Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Different Plants’ Parts for Antimicrobial Activity and Anticancer Activity: A Review Article

This review literature focuses on the current state of green synthesis of copper and copper oxide (Cu/CuO)-based nanomaterial utilizing plant extracts as reducing and capping agents, and the paper discusses the antimicrobial applications of these biomaterials. Additionally, a novel hypothetical mechanism for the antimicrobial activity of biosynthesized Cu/CuO nanomaterial was proposed. This study will shed light on the future of the green production of Cu/CuO nanomaterial in antimicrobials. This review discusses the synthesis approach and the plant parts that have been utilized previously, allowing researchers to gain a brief understanding of the synthesis procedure employing plant extracts. Moreover, this paper includes an overview of the various analytical approaches used to characterize the produced nanomaterials and a summary of the microbial strains used in this area that have been studied thus far. Finally, the paper discusses the difficulties and potential prospectives associated with the synthesis of Cu/CuO nanomaterials from plant extracts. • Green synthesis of Copper and Copper oxide (Cu/CuO)-based nanomaterials utilizing plant extracts is reviewed. • The optimization parameters in the green synthesis method using plant extracts are elaborated. • Different characterization techniques have been discussed. • A broad literature review of Cu/CuO-based nanomaterials in antimicrobial application. • The mechanism of antimicrobial property was discussed. 

Green synthesised copper and copper oxide based nanomaterials using plant extracts and their application in antimicrobial activity: Review

Terminalia chebula as a novel green source for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and as feedstock for biodiesel production and its application on diesel engine

Parametric studies on the storage stability and aging effect of biodiesel treated with Eucalyptus oil as a cost‐effective green‐antioxidant additive

Heterogeneous nano-copper oxide catalyst was prepared via a simple eco-friendly, solution combustion method using novel seed extract of Terminalia bellirica and characterized by various techniques like powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. The prepared catalyst demonstrated a greater catalytic activity towards the synthesis of Nα-protected amino keto-1,2,3-triazoles analogues via the three-component reaction among amino acyl chloride derivatives of protected amino acids/dipeptide acids, phenylacetylene and sodium azide. Further, synthesized CuO nanoparticles were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus subtilis, revealed that nano-CuO have significant activity. In addition, nano-CuO showed an excellent catalytic activity in biodiesel production optimization from Terminalia bellirica oil and achieved 97% yield of Terminalia bellirica methyl ester/biodiesel with optimum conditions of 3.5 wt% catalyst loading, 9:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 65 °C temperature and 60 min reaction time. From the kinetic study of biodiesel production at different temperatures activation energy (Ea) of 38.06 kJ/mol and frequency factor (A) of 2.2 × 104 min−1 was observed. The fuel properties of produced biodiesel were in the range of ASTM standards.

Effective utilization of green synthesized CuO nanoparticles for the preparation of keto-1,2,3-triazole analogues of protected amino acids/dipeptide acids and recyclable catalyst for the optimization and kinetic study of biodiesel production

This study demonstrates that the gasoline can be used as a co-solvent towards the modification of feedstock such as waste cooking oil for the synthesis of biodiesel via transesterification reaction, where the gasoline is removed from the reaction solution after the treatment. Parametric studies including varying the amount of co-solvent with respect to the feedstock, methanol/oil molar ratio, catalyst amount, reaction temperature, time, and stirring speed have been conducted to optimize the experiment. Our results show that biodiesel with a yield of ~ 99.4% is achieved at optimized conditions viz. 10% v/v co-solvent with respect to the feedstock, 0.6 wt% catalyst concentration, 6:1 molar-ratio, 50 °C temperature, 40 min reaction time, and 350 rpm stirring speed, while it is ~ 82.3% without the addition of co-solvent in the reaction solution under the same conditions. The thermodynamic parameters such as frequency factor, activation-energy, enthalpy, and entropy of the system have been estimated to be 1.3 × 104 min−1, 34.04 kJ mol−1, 31.48 kJ mol−1, and − 0.17 kJ mol−1 k−1, respectively. Further, various properties of the biodiesel produced with and without the feedstock modification have also been quantitatively measured and the developed approach favoured the feedstock modification towards improving the biodiesel yield and its physicochemical properties.

K. V. Yatish

Papers

Terminalia chebula as a novel green source for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and as feedstock for biodiesel production and its application on diesel engine

Parametric studies on the storage stability and aging effect of biodiesel treated with Eucalyptus oil as a cost‐effective green‐antioxidant additive

Effective utilization of green synthesized CuO nanoparticles for the preparation of keto-1,2,3-triazole analogues of protected amino acids/dipeptide acids and recyclable catalyst for the optimization and kinetic study of biodiesel production

Gasoline pre-treated feedstock for the production of biodiesel with improved physicochemical properties