Functional Nanomaterials for Phototherapies of Cancer

Dr. J. Ge, Q. Jia, Dr. W. Liu, L. Guo, Dr. M. Lan, Prof. H. Zhang, Prof. X. Meng, Prof. P. Wang Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 , P. R. China E-mail: wangpf@mail.ipc.ac.cn Q. Jia, Prof. Q. Liu College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266510 , P. R. China E-mail: qyliu@sdust.edu.cn

Red‐Emissive Carbon Dots for Fluorescent, Photoacoustic, and Thermal Theranostics in Living Mice

This review captures the synthesis, assembly, properties, and applications of copper chalcogenide NCs, which have achieved significant research interest in the last decade due to their compositional and structural versatility. The outstanding functional properties of these materials stems from the relationship between their band structure and defect concentration, including charge carrier concentration and electronic conductivity character, which consequently affects their optoelectronic, optical, and plasmonic properties. This, combined with several metastable crystal phases and stoichiometries and the low energy of formation of defects, makes the reproducible synthesis of these materials, with tunable parameters, remarkable. Further to this, the review captures the progress of the hierarchical assembly of these NCs, which bridges the link between their discrete and collective properties. Their ubiquitous application set has cross-cut energy conversion (photovoltaics, photocatalysis, thermoelectrics), en...

Compound Copper Chalcogenide Nanocrystals

Hollow Bi2 Se3 nanoparticles prepared by a cation exchange method are loaded with perfluorocarbon as an oxygen carrier. With these nanoparticles, a promising concept is demonstrated to enhance radiotherapy by not only using their X-ray-absorbing ability to locally concentrate radiation energy in the tumor, but also employing near-infrared light to trigger burst release of oxygen from the nanoparticles to overcome hypoxia-associated radio-resistance.

Perfluorocarbon-Loaded Hollow Bi2Se3 Nanoparticles for Timely Supply of Oxygen under Near-Infrared Light to Enhance the Radiotherapy of Cancer

Radiation therapy (RT) including external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and internal radioisotope therapy (RIT) has been widely used for clinical cancer treatment. However, owing to the low radiation absorption of tumors, high doses of ionizing radiations are often needed during RT, leading to severe damages to normal tissues adjacent to tumors. Meanwhile, the RT efficacies are limited by different mechanisms, among which the tumor hypoxia-associated radiation resistance is a well-known one, as there exists hypoxia inside most solid tumors while oxygen is essential to enhance radiation-induced DNA damages. With the development in nanotechnology, there have been great interests in using nanomedicine strategies to enhance radiation responses of tumors. Nanomaterials containing high-Z elements to absorb radiation rays (e.g. X-ray) can act as radio-sensitizers to deposit radiation energy within tumors and promote treatment efficacy. Nanoscale carriers are able to deliver therapeutic radioisotopes into tumors for internal RIT, or chemotherapeutic drugs for synergistically combined chemo-radiotherapy. As uncovered in recent studies, the tumor microenvironment could be modulated by various nanomedicine approaches to overcome hypoxia-associated radiation resistance. Herein, the authors will summarize the applications of nanomedicine for RT cancer treatment, and pay particular attention to the latest development of 'advanced materials' for enhanced cancer RT.

Emerging Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials for Cancer Radiation Therapy.

Copper chalcogenides have been demonstrated to be a promising photothermal agent due to their high photothermal conversion efficiency, synthetic simplicity, and low cost. However, the hydrophobic and less biocompatible characteristics associated with their synthetic processes hamper widely biological applications. An alternative strategy for improving hydrophilicity and biocompatibility is to coat the copper chalcogenide nanomaterials with silica shell. Herein, the rational preparation design results in successful coating mesoporous silica (mSiO(2)) on as-synthesized Cu9S5 nanocrystals, forming Cu9S5@mSiO(2)-PEG core-shell nanostructures. As-prepared Cu9S5@mSiO(2)-PEG core-shell nanostructures show low cytotoxicity and excellent blood compatibility, and are effectively employed for photothermal ablation of cancer cells and infrared thermal imaging. Moreover, anticancer drug of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded Cu9S5@mSiO(2)-PEG core-shell nanostructures show pH sensitive release profile and are therefore beneficial to delivery of DOX into cancer cells for chemotherapy. Importantly, the combination of photothermal- and chemotherapies demonstrates better effects of therapy on cancer treatment than individual therapy approaches in vitro and in vivo.

A Low-Toxic Multifunctional Nanoplatform Based on Cu9S5@mSiO(2) Core-Shell Nanocomposites: Combining Photothermal- and Chemotherapies with Infrared Thermal Imaging for Cancer Treatment

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adfm.201370178

Nanocomposites: A Low‐Toxic Multifunctional Nanoplatform Based on Cu9S5@mSiO2 Core‐Shell Nanocomposites: Combining Photothermal‐ and Chemotherapies with Infrared Thermal Imaging for Cancer Treatment (Adv. Funct. Mater. 35/2013)

Keke Huo

Papers

A Low-Toxic Multifunctional Nanoplatform Based on Cu9S5@mSiO(2) Core-Shell Nanocomposites: Combining Photothermal- and Chemotherapies with Infrared Thermal Imaging for Cancer Treatment

Nanocomposites: A Low‐Toxic Multifunctional Nanoplatform Based on Cu9S5@mSiO2 Core‐Shell Nanocomposites: Combining Photothermal‐ and Chemotherapies with Infrared Thermal Imaging for Cancer Treatment (Adv. Funct. Mater. 35/2013)