https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/966059.pdf

Fungal pollution of indoor environments and its management.

The objective of this study is to provide fundamental data related to size-based characteristics of bioaerosol distributed in the general hospital. Measurement sites are main lobby, ICU, surgical ward and biomedical laboratory and total five times were sampled with six-stage cascade impactor. Mean concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi were the highest in main lobby as followed by an order of surgical ward, ICU and biomedical laboratory. The predominant genera of airborne bacteria identified in the general hospital were Staphylococcus spp. (50%), Micrococcus spp. (15-20%), Corynebacterium spp. (5-20%), and Bacillus spp. (5-15%). On the other hand, the predominant genera of airborne fungi identified in the general hospital were Cladosporium spp. (30%), Penicillium spp. (20-25%), Aspergillus spp. (15-20%), and Alternaria spp. (10-20%). The detection rate was generally highest on stage 5 (1.1-2.1 microm) for airborne bacteria and on stage 1 (>7.0 microm) for airborne fungi.

Distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria and fungi in the general hospitals of Korea.

The Middle East Dust storms have greatly affected the south and west parts of Iran during the last decade. The main purpose of this study was to examine and compare culturable airborne bacteria concentration in particulate matter (PM) during normal, semi-dust, and dust event days in different places and seasons in Ahvaz from November 2011 to May 2012. Sampling was performed every 6 days and on dust event days at different sampling stations. The overall mean concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 for the entire study period were 598.92, 114.8, and 34.5 μg/m3, respectively. The PM concentrations during the dust event days were much higher than normal and semi-dust event days. The highest mean PM concentrations were observed in March 2011. The low PM2.5/PM10 ratios indicate that these PM are mostly originating from natural sources such as dust storms. The overall mean concentration of total bacteria during the study period was 620.6 CFU/m3. The greatest bacterial concentrations were observed during dust event days and at areas with high traffic and more human activities compared with normal days and greener areas. The percentage of gram-positive bacteria was significantly higher than that during the study period (89 vs 11 %). During this study, 26 genera of culturable bacteria were identified from all the sampling stations. The most dominant genera in all sampling stations were Streptomyces, Bacillus, Kocuria, Corynebacterium, and Paenibacillus. The results also showed that there were positive correlations between PM and bacterial concentrations during the study period (p < 0.05).

Particulate matter and bacteria characteristics of the Middle East Dust (MED) storms over Ahvaz, Iran

Characterization of indoor air quality and efficiency of air purifier in childcare centers, Korea

The first purpose of our study was to determine culturable indoor airborne fungi in different places in Ahvaz during normal and dust event days. Ahvaz is the biggest city in southwest of Iran which has suffered from dust storms in recent decade. To minimize personal exposure to polluted air, governmental and private sectors excluding critical places such as hospitals, fire department and security organization are closed during dust event days. Therefore, the second objective of this survey was to see whether this plan (forced shutdown) is in place. Samples were collected from July 2010 to March 2011 by using quick take 30 equipped with a single-stage sampler. Fungal population was measured in school, university and hospital during normal and dust event days. Five dominant fungi genera in three sampling stations were Cladosporium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Rhizopus the concentrations (CFU/m3) of which were higher during dust events than normal days. Airborne fungi such as Aspergillus, Mucor and Rhizopus are opportunistic fungi which can cause aspergillusis and mucormycosis infections in immunodeficiency individuals, vulnerable groups as well as healthy people. The results of this study confirmed the measure of forced shutdown in Ahvaz city due to increased concentration of fungi during dust event days.

Determination of culturable indoor airborne fungi during normal and dust event days in Ahvaz, Iran

Distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria and fungi in the feedstuff-manufacturing factories.

Odor reduction rate in the confinement pig building by spraying various additives

The concentration of airborne bacteria and fungi in public buildings is regulated by law in Korea. Levels are investigated during the moderate seasons, spring (March—May) and autumn (September—November), using a six-stage cascade impactor. Total concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi range from 290 to 940 cfu · m-3 and 330 to 540 cfu · m -3, respectively. The levels of airborne bacteria and fungi are significantly highest in a kindergarten building and lowest in an elderly welfare facility ( p 0.05). The mean ratios of indoor and outdoor concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi are below 1.0 regardless of the fraction of particle size and building type. The indoor concentration of airborne bacteria and fungi do not correlate significantly with indoor temperature and relative humidity...

Assessment of Bioaerosols in the Public Buildings of Korea

The objective of the study is to demonstrate an effect of manual feeding on the level of farmer's exposure to airborne contaminants in the confinement nursery pig house. The levels of all the airborne contaminants besides respirable dust, total airborne fungi and ammonia were significantly higher in the treated nursery pig house with feeding than the control nursery pig house without feeding. Although there is no significant difference in respirable dust and total airborne fungi between the treatment and the control, their concentrations in the treated nursery pig house were also higher than the control nursery pig house. The result that the level of ammonia in the treated nursery pig house is lower than the control nursery pig house would be reasoned by the mechanism of ammonia generation in the pig house and adsorption property of ammonia to dust particles. In conclusion, manual feeding by farmer increased the exposure level of airborne contaminants compared to no feeding activity.

Ki Youn Kim

Papers

Distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria and fungi in the feedstuff-manufacturing factories.

Odor reduction rate in the confinement pig building by spraying various additives

Assessment of Bioaerosols in the Public Buildings of Korea

Effect of manual feeding on the level of farmer's exposure to airborne contaminants in the confinement nursery pig house.

Effect of General Ventilation Rate on Concentrations of Gaseous Pollutants Emitted from Enclosed Pig Building