Metal hydride materials for solid hydrogen storage: a review

Hydrogen production, storage, transportation and key challenges with applications: A review

Catalytic transformations of syngas (a mixture of H2 and CO), which is one of the most important C1-chemistry platforms, and CO2, a greenhouse gas released from human industrial activities but also a candidate of abundant carbon feedstock, into chemicals and fuels have attracted much attention in recent years. Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is a classic route of syngas chemistry, but the product selectivity of FT synthesis is limited by the Anderson-Schulz-Flory (ASF) distribution. The hydrogenation of CO2 into C2+ hydrocarbons involving C-C bond formation encounters similar selectivity limitation. The present article focuses on recent advances in breaking the selectivity limitation by using a reaction coupling strategy for hydrogenation of both CO and CO2 into C2+ hydrocarbons, which include key building-block chemicals, such as lower (C2-C4) olefins and aromatics, and liquid fuels, such as gasoline (C5-C11 hydrocarbons), jet fuel (C8-C16 hydrocarbons) and diesel fuel (C10-C20 hydrocarbons). The design and development of novel bifunctional or multifunctional catalysts, which are composed of metal, metal carbide or metal oxide nanoparticles and zeolites, for hydrogenation of CO and CO2 to C2+ hydrocarbons beyond FT synthesis will be reviewed. The key factors in controlling catalytic performances, such as the catalyst component, the acidity and mesoporosity of the zeolite and the proximity between the metal/metal carbide/metal oxide and zeolite, will be analysed to provide insights for designing efficient bifunctional or multifunctional catalysts. The reaction mechanism, in particular the activation of CO and CO2, the reaction pathway and the reaction intermediate, will be discussed to provide a deep understanding of the chemistry of the new C1 chemistry routes beyond FT synthesis.

New horizon in C1 chemistry: breaking the selectivity limitation in transformation of syngas and hydrogenation of CO2 into hydrocarbon chemicals and fuels

Materials for hydrogen storage: current research trends and perspectives

Hydrogen is considered a good energy carrier candidate for future automotive applications that could be part of a carbon-free cycle. Metal hydrides are often preferred over pressurized gas and other hydrogen storage methods because of their gravimetric and volumetric storage capacities and safe operating pressures. In addition to the hydrogen storage capacity, other properties that have often been disregarded must now be addressed before hydrogen storage in metal hydrides becomes feasible. The slow hydriding/dehydriding kinetics, high release temperature, low storage efficiency due to the high enthalpy of formation, and thermal management during the hydriding reaction remain important difficulties in meeting the objectives set by the Department of Energy (DOE) for hydrogen storage systems. Nanotechnology offers new ways of addressing those issues by taking advantage of the distinctive chemical and physical properties observed in nanostructures. Nanostructured materials significantly improve the reaction kinetics, reduce the enthalpy of formation, and lower the hydrogen absorption and release temperatures through destabilization of the metal hydride and multiple catalytic effects in the system. But nanostructures can also lead to poor cyclability, degradation of the sorption properties, and a significant reduction of the thermal conductivity that could make metal hydrides impractical for hydrogen storage. This review summarizes the effects that nanotechnology can have on the main properties of metal hydrides and highlights the main competing behaviours between the system requirements, the necessary trade-offs, and the research priorities necessary to obtain hydride storage materials for practical automotive applications. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Size effects on the hydrogen storage properties of nanostructured metal hydrides: A review

Thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transformation in rare earth–magnesium alloys: A critical review

An extended Jonhson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolomogorov model with analytical solutions is developed to achieve the comprehensive determination of kinetic parameters in solid-state phase transitions. A new subexpression is given for the case of adequately small activation energy of nucleation, which is ignored in previous works. Exact or approximate analytical solutions to the expressions in this model for isothermal and non-isothermal conditions are improved by introducing the Euler integral of the first kind, which are proved to be valid, accurate, and simple for possible parameters. On the basis of this model, five kinetic parameters (pre-exponential factor, activation energy of nucleation, activation energy of growth, nucleation index, and growth index) can be comprehensively determined by simultaneous analysis of isothermal and non-isothermal experimental data. Three practical examples, including two simulated examples and one experimental example, are then presented to illustrate and validate the comprehensive ...

Comprehensive Determination of Kinetic Parameters in Solid-State Phase Transitions: An Extended Jonhson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolomogorov Model with Analytical Solutions

Kuo-Chih Chou

Papers

Thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transformation in rare earth–magnesium alloys: A critical review

Comprehensive Determination of Kinetic Parameters in Solid-State Phase Transitions: An Extended Jonhson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolomogorov Model with Analytical Solutions

Kinetics of absorption and desorption of hydrogen in alloy powder

Catalytic effect of Ni@rGO on the hydrogen storage properties of MgH2

A new model for hydriding and dehydriding reactions in intermetallics