THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) is an independent organization devoted to the development of standards.

American Society for Testing and Materials

The talk with present the key results of the IPCC Working Group III 5th assessment report. Concluding four years of intense scientific collaboration by hundreds of authors from around the world, the report responds to the request of the world's governments for a comprehensive, objective and policy neutral assessment of the current scientific knowledge on mitigating climate change. The report has been extensively reviewed by experts and governments to ensure quality and comprehensiveness.

Climate change 2014 - Mitigation of climate change

With digital equipment becoming increasingly networked, either on wired or wireless networks, for personal and professional use alike, distributed software systems have become a crucial element in information and communications technologies. The study of these systems forms the core of the ARLES' work, which is specifically concerned with defining new system software architectures, based on the use of emerging networking technologies. In this context, we concentrate on the study of distributed systems which bring to life the vision of ubiquitous computing systems, also known as ambient intelligence.

반도체 공정 overview

Dynamics of structures

This review discusses biofuel and bioenergy production from seaweed, and ranges from cultivation to final product, and investigates opportunities, problems, advantages, disadvantages and other issues of this emerging industry. High levels of structural polysaccharides and low lignin contents make seaweed attractive feedstocks for production of liquid biofuels via fermentation and biogas production via anaerobic digestion. Since macroalgae can be grown in water (oceans and lakes), they will not compete with land-based crops, and thus will not be in competition with human foods. And biofuel and bioenergy production from macroalgae has some environmental benefits. Electricity produced from biogas derived from macroalgae can be cost-competitive to solar thermal, solar photovoltaic and biomass generated electricity. Biofuel and bioenergy production from macroalgae, however, will entail higher costs than terrestrial biomass feedstocks due to higher costs of cultivation and higher costs to remove harmful content such as sulfur and nitrogen from the resulting fuel or heavy metals from the residues. Economic production of biofuels and bioenergy will be available by increasing the scale and efficiency of production of this emerging resource.

A review of macroalgae production, with potential applications in biofuels and bioenergy

http://www.ddgs.umn.edu/sites/biodieselfeeds.cfans.umn.edu/files/cfans_asset_422293.pdf

Flowability and handling characteristics of bulk solids and powders – a review with implications for DDGS

The production of corn-based ethanol in the U.S. is dramatically increasing, and consequently so is the quantity of coproduct materials generated from this processing sector. These coproduct streams are currently utilized as livestock feed, which provides ethanol processors with a substantial revenue source and significantly increases the profitability of the production process. With the construction and operation of many new plants in recent years these residuals do, however, have much potential for value-added processing and utilization in other sectors as well. This option holds promise of economic benefit for corn processors, especially if the livestock feed market eventually becomes saturated with byproduct feeds. Physical and nutritional properties are crucial for the proper design of processing operations and byproduct applications. Because information concerning ethanol coproduct materials is somewhat disparate outside the livestock arena, the objective of this paper is to fully review the existing literature base and compile a physical and nutritional properties knowledge bank for these residual streams. This paper will also identify several gaps that currently exist, and will discuss future prospects for these materials.

Corn ethanol coproducts: generation, properties, and future prospects.

With the rapid growth in the fuel ethanol industry in recent years, considerable research is being devoted to
determining distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) nutritional properties and to optimizing their inclusion in livestock
diets; physical properties of these materials, however, have been largely ignored. Using standard laboratory methods, several
physical properties for typical DDGS streams were determined, including moisture content, water activity, thermal properties
(conductivity, resistivity, and diffusivity), bulk density, angle of repose, and color. The DDGS samples in this study were
golden-brown in color and exhibited physical properties similar to other dry feed ingredients, such as hominy feed, corn gluten
feed, and other corn-based materials. As a first step, the numerical data generated during this study will help fill a current
void in design information for the ethanol and livestock industries.

/pdf/some-physical-properties-of-distillers-dried-grains-with-1icdoyjgrb.pdf

Some physical properties of distillers dried grains with solubles (ddgs)

Isocaloric (3.05 kcal gG ) ingredient blends were factorially formulated using three levels each of 1 DDGS (20, 25 and 30% db), protein (30, 32.5 and 35% db) and feed moisture content (25, 35 and 45% db), along with appropriate quantities of tapioca starch, soybean meal, fish meal, whey, vitamin and mineral mix to produce a balanced diet for tilapia feed. The ingredient blends were extruded using a laboratory-scale single screw extruder with varying screw speeds (100, 150 and 200 rpm) and extruder barrel temperatures (100, 125 and 150°C). The resulting extrudates were subjected to extensive analyses of physical properties, which included moisture content, unit density, bulk density, expansion ratio, sinking velocity, water absorption, water solubility, color (L*, a* and b*) and pellet durability indices. Several extruder parameters, including moisture content at the die, apparent viscosity, specific mechanical energy, mass flow rate, net torque and die pressure were measured to quantify the extruder behavior during processing. All process settings used produced viable extrudates, but some were of better quality than others. For example, increasing the DDGS levels from 20-30% db, protein content from 30-35% db, feed moisture content from 25-45% db and processing temperature from 100-150°C significantly decreased the PDI values by 7.50, 16.2, 17.2 and 16.6%, respectively. Increasing the feed moisture content from 25-45% db resulted in a substantial increase in SME values by 256.2%. On the other hand, increasing the screw speed from 100-200 rpm significantly decreased the SME values by 33.7%. This study highlights the importance of experimentally determining the effects of feed ingredients and process variables when developing aquafeeds from novel materials.

/pdf/effects-of-ingredients-and-extrusion-parameters-on-aquafeeds-56pq20xxc7.pdf

Kurt A. Rosentrater

Papers

A review of macroalgae production, with potential applications in biofuels and bioenergy

Flowability and handling characteristics of bulk solids and powders – a review with implications for DDGS

Corn ethanol coproducts: generation, properties, and future prospects.

Some physical properties of distillers dried grains with solubles (ddgs)

Effects of Ingredients and Extrusion Parameters on Aquafeeds Containing DDGS and Tapioca Starch