Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26504 Rio Patras, Greece, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vass. Constantinou Avenue, 116 35 Athens, Greece, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, UPR9021 CNRS, Immunologie et Chimie Therapeutiques, 67084 Strasbourg, France, and Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy

Chemistry of Carbon Nanotubes

We show that the Raman scattering technique can give complete structural information for one-dimensional systems, such as carbon nanotubes. Resonant confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy of an (n,m) individual single-wall nanotube makes it possible to assign its chirality uniquely by measuring one radial breathing mode frequency omega(RBM) and using the theory of resonant transitions. A unique chirality assignment can be made for both metallic and semiconducting nanotubes of diameter d(t), using the parameters gamma(0) = 2.9 eV and omega(RBM) = 248/d(t). For example, the strong RBM intensity observed at 156 cm(-1) for 785 nm laser excitation is assigned to the (13,10) metallic chiral nanotube on a Si/SiO2 surface.

Structural (n,m) determination of isolated single wall carbon nanotubes by resonant Raman scattering

The state of research into carbon nanotube/polymer–matrix composites for mechanical reinforcement is critically reviewed with emphasis on recent advances in CNT composite toughness. Particular interest is also given to interfacial bonding of carbon nanotubes to polymer matrices as it applies to stress transfer from the matrix to the CNT. Potential topics of oncoming focus are highlighted.

Carbon nanotube polymer composites

Comparative study of carbon nanotube dispersion using surfactants.

The present invention is directed to compositions (“Nanomaterial Polymer Compositions”) comprising a silicone polymer and a nanomaterial, including but not limited to, a single or multi-walled nanotube, a nanowire, a nanodot, a quantum dot, a nanorod, a nanocrystal, a nanotetrapod, a nanotripod, a nanobipod, a nanoparticle, a nanosaw, a nanospring, a nanoribbon, a branched nanomaterial, or any combination thereof. The Nanomaterial Polymer Compositions are useful for optical and sensing devices including but not limited to noise suppression, passive Q-switching, mode-locking, waveform shaping, optical switching, optical signal regeneration, phase conjugation or filter devices, dispersion compensation, wavelength conversion, a soliton stabilization, microcavity applications, interferometers; optical, magneto-optical or electro-optical modulation; and biochemical sensors and photodetectors. The Nanomaterial Polymer Compositions are also useful in soft lithography processes.

Nanomaterial polymer compositions and uses thereof

Poly(methyl methacrylate)/single-walled carbon nanotube (PMMA/SWNT) composites were prepared via in situ polymerization induced either by heat, ultraviolet (UV) light, or ionizing (gamma) radiation. The composites dissolved in methylene chloride and then cast into films exhibited enhanced transparency as compared with the melt-blended composite material. UV/visible spectroscopy was used to quantitatively analyze the transparency of the composites. The dielectric constant (e') was measured via dielectric analysis (DEA) and correlated to the refractive-index values using Maxwell's relationship. The dielectric constant increased in the composite samples as compared with the neat PMMA samples prepared by the same methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provided images of the polymer-nanotube composites and single-walled CNTs, respectively.

Transparent Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (PMMA/SWNT) Composite Films with Increased Dielectric Constants†

Single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) composites were fabricated and exposed to ionizing radiation for a total dose of 5.9 Mrads. Neat nanotube paper and pure PMMA were also exposed for comparison, and nonirradiated samples served as controls. A concentration of 0.26 wt% SWNT increased the glass transition temperature (T
g), the Vickers hardness number, and modulus of the matrix. Irradiation of the composite did not significantly change the T
g, the Vickers hardness number, or the modulus; however, the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity increased after irradiation. The dielectric properties were found to be more labile to radiation effects than mechanical properties.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0884291400061914

Effects of gamma radiation on poly(methyl methacrylate)/single-wall nanotube composites

Novel transparent composites composed of single wall carbon nanotubes incorporated into the matrix of a polymer are utilized in services wherein the composites are exposed to ionizing radiation, including galactic cosmic radiation. Accordingly, the composites are useful in deep space applications like space vehicles, space stations, personal equipment as well as applications in the biomedical arts and atom splitting research. The composites can be modified with organic dyes containing at least one phenyl ring and the resulting doped composite is useful as a radiation detector. The preferred polymer is poly(4-methyl-1-pentene).

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Polymer/carbon nanotube composites, methods of use and methods of synthesis thereof

Probing multi-walled nanotube/poly(methyl methacrylate) composites with ionizing radiation

The present invention provides a method for the effective dispersion of carbon nanotubes into a polymer matrix. Through a combination of dispersion through sonication, in situ polymerization, dissolution, and film casting, transparent polymer carbon nanotube composites are produced.

Lanetra M. Clayton

Papers

Transparent Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (PMMA/SWNT) Composite Films with Increased Dielectric Constants†

Effects of gamma radiation on poly(methyl methacrylate)/single-wall nanotube composites

Polymer/carbon nanotube composites, methods of use and methods of synthesis thereof

Probing multi-walled nanotube/poly(methyl methacrylate) composites with ionizing radiation

Transparent polymer carbon nanotube composites and process for preparation