http://naturalingredient.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/Burt_Essential_Oils_A_Review_2004.pdf

Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods--a review.

Few microorganisms are as versatile as Escherichia coli. An important member of the normal intestinal microflora of humans and other mammals, E. coli has also been widely exploited as a cloning host in recombinant DNA technology. But E. coli is more than just a laboratory workhorse or harmless intestinal inhabitant; it can also be a highly versatile, and frequently deadly, pathogen. Several different E. coli strains cause diverse intestinal and extraintestinal diseases by means of virulence factors that affect a wide range of cellular processes.

Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Listeria monocytogenes, a food-borne pathogen.

Determination of the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity.

https://www.uphs.upenn.edu/bugdrug/antibiotic_manual/oipreventidsacdcstemcell2009.pdf

Guidelines for preventing infectious complications among hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: a global perspective.

Y . L I , R . E . B R A C K E T T , J . C H E N A N D L . R . B E U C H A T . 2002. Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the influence of mild heat treatment, storage temperature and storage time on the survival and growth of Listeria monocytogenes inoculated onto cut iceberg lettuce leaves. Methods and Results: Before or after inoculation with L. monocytogenes, cut iceberg lettuce leaves were dipped in water (20 or 50∞C), containing or not 20 mg l ‐1 chlorine, for 90 s, then stored at 5∞C for up to 18 days or 15∞C for up to 7 days. The presence of 20 mg l ‐1 chlorine in the treatment water did not significantly (aa 0AE05) affect populations of the pathogen, regardless of other test parameters. The population of L. monocytogenes on lettuce treated at 50∞C steadily increased throughout storage at 5∞C for up to 18 days. At day 10 and thereafter, populations were 1AE7‐2AE3 log10 cfu g ‐1 higher on lettuce treated at 50∞C after inoculation compared with untreated lettuce or lettuce treated at 20∞C, regardless of chlorine treatment. The population of L. monocytogenes increased rapidly on lettuce stored at 15∞C. At 2 and 4 days, significantly higher populations were detected on lettuce that had been treated at 50∞C, compared with respective samples that had been treated at 20∞C, regardless of inoculation before or after treatment, or the presence of 20 mg l ‐1 chlorine in the treatment water. Conclusions: The results clearly demonstrated that mild heat treatment of cut lettuce leaves enhances the growth of L. monocytogenes during subsequent storage at 5 or 15∞C. Significance and Impact of the Study: Mild heat treatment of cut lettuce may result in a prolonged shelf life as a result of delaying the development of brown discoloration. However, heat treatment also facilitates the growth of L. monocytogenes during storage at refrigeration temperature, thereby increasing the potential risk of causing listeriosis.

https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2002.01530.x

Mild heat treatment of lettuce enhances growth of Listeria monocytogenes during subsequent storage at 5°C or 15°C

Efficacy of allyl isothiocyanate in killing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 on alfalfa seeds.

Survival of Enterobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formula as affected by composition, water activity, and temperature.

Efficacy of disinfectants in killing spores of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris and performance of media for supporting colony development by survivors.

A study was done to determine the performance of differential, selective media for supporting resuscitation and colony development by stressed cells of Enterobacter sakazakii. Cells of four strains of E. sakazakii isolated from powdered infant formula were exposed to five stress conditions: heat (55°C for 5 min), freezing (−20°C for 24 h, thawed, frozen again at −20°C for 2 h, thawed), acidic pH (3.54), alkaline pH (11.25), and desiccation in powdered infant formula (water activity, 0.25; 21°C for 31 days). Control and stressed cells were spiral plated on tryptic soy agar supplemented with 0.1% pyruvate (TSAP, a nonselective control medium); Leuschner, Baird, Donald, and Cox (LBDC) agar (a differential, nonselective medium); Oh and Kang agar (OK); fecal coliform agar (FCA); Druggan-Forsythe-Iversen (DFI) medium; violet red bile glucose (VRBG) agar; and Enterobacteriaceae enrichment (EE) agar. With the exception of desiccation-stressed cells, suspensions of stressed cells were also plated on these media and on RF the general order for recovering desiccated cells was TSAP, LBDC, FCA, OK > DFI, VRBG, EE. Using the ecometric technique, the general order of growth indices of stressed cells was TSAP, LBDC > FCA > RF, VRBG, OK > DFI, EE. The results indicate that differential, selective media vary greatly in their abilities to support resuscitation and colony formation by stressed cells of E. sakazakii. The orders of performance of media for recovering stressed cells were similar using spiral plating and ecometric techniques, but results from spiral plating should be considered more conclusive.

Larry R. Beuchat

Papers

Mild heat treatment of lettuce enhances growth of Listeria monocytogenes during subsequent storage at 5°C or 15°C

Efficacy of allyl isothiocyanate in killing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 on alfalfa seeds.

Survival of Enterobacter sakazakii in powdered infant formula as affected by composition, water activity, and temperature.

Efficacy of disinfectants in killing spores of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris and performance of media for supporting colony development by survivors.

Performance of media for recovering stressed cells of Enterobacter sakazakii as determined using spiral plating and ecometric techniques.