All these premises having, as I think, been clearly made out, it is impossible that the rulers now on earth should make any benefit, or derive any the least shadow of authority from that, which is held to be the fountain of all power, Adam's private dominion and paternal jurisdiction; so that he that will not give just occasion to think that all government in the world is the product only of force and violence, and that men live together by no other rules but that of beasts, where the strongest carries it, and so lay a foundation for perpetual disorder and mischief, tumult, sedition and rebellion, (things that the followers of that hypothesis so loudly cry out against) must of necessity find out another rise of government, another original of political power, and another way of designing and knowing the persons that have it, than what Sir Robert Filmer hath taught us.

Two Treatises of Government.

The wealth of networks : how social production transformsmarkets and freedom

Scholars of culture, humanities and social sciences have increasingly come to an appreciation of the importance of the legal domain in social life, while critically engaged socio-legal scholars around the world have taken up the task of understanding "Law's Empire" in all of its cultural, political, and economic dimensions. The questions arising from these intersections, and addressing imperialisms past and present forms the subject matter of a special symposium issue of Social Identities under the editorship of Griffith University's Rob McQueen, and UBC's Wes Pue and with contributions from McQueen, Ian Duncanson, Renisa Mawani, David Williams, Emma Cunliffe, Chidi Oguamanam, W. Wesley Pue, Fatou Camara, and Dianne Kirkby. This paper introduces the volume, forthcoming in late 2007. The central problematique of this issue has previously been explored through the 2005 Law's Empire conference, an informal but vibrant postcolonial legal studies network.

Law's Empire

American Bankruptcy Institute Law Review 17 Am. Bankr. Inst. L. Rev., No. 1, Spring, 2009. Boston College Law Review 50 B.C. L. Rev., No. 3, May, 2009. Boston University Public Interest Law Journal 18 B.U. Pub. Int. L.J., No. 2, Spring, 2009. Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution 10 Cardozo J. Conflict Resol., No. 2, Spring, 2009. Cardozo Public Law, Policy, & Ethics Journal 7 Cardozo Pub. L. Pol’y & Ethics J., No. 3, Summer, 2009. Chicago Journal of International Law 10 Chi. J. Int’l L., No. 1, Summer, 2009. Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy 20 Colo. J. Int’l Envtl. L. & Pol’y, No. 2, Winter, 2009. Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts 32 Colum. J.L. & Arts, No. 3, Spring, 2009. Connecticut Public Interest Law Journal 8 Conn. Pub. Int. L.J., No. 2, Spring-Summer, 2009. Cornell Journal of Law and Public Policy 18 Cornell J.L. & Pub. Pol’y, No. 1, Fall, 2008. Cornell Law Review 94 Cornell L. Rev., No. 5, July, 2009. Creighton Law Review 42 Creighton L. Rev., No. 3, April, 2009. Criminal Law Forum 20 Crim. L. Forum, Nos. 2-3, Pp. 173-394, 2009. Delaware Journal of Corporate Law 34 Del. J. Corp. L., No. 2, Pp. 433-754, 2009. Environmental Law Reporter News & Analysis 39 Envtl. L. Rep. News & Analysis, No. 7, July, 2009. European Journal of International Law 20 Eur. J. Int’l L., No. 2, April, 2009. Family Law Quarterly 43 Fam. L.Q., No. 1, Spring, 2009. Georgetown Journal of International Law 40 Geo. J. Int’l L., No. 3, Spring, 2009. Georgetown Journal of Legal Ethics 22 Geo. J. Legal Ethics, No. 2, Spring, 2009. Golden Gate University Law Review 39 Golden Gate U. L. Rev., No. 2, Winter, 2009. Harvard Environmental Law Review 33 Harv. Envtl. L. Rev., No. 2, Pp. 297-608, 2009. International Review of Law and Economics 29 Int’l Rev. L. & Econ., No. 1, March, 2009. Journal of Environmental Law and Litigation 24 J. Envtl. L. & Litig., No. 1, Pp. 1-201, 2009. Journal of Legislation 34 J. Legis., No. 1, Pp. 1-98, 2008. Journal of Technology Law & Policy 14 J. Tech. L. & Pol’y, No. 1, June, 2009. Labor Lawyer 24 Lab. Law., No. 3, Winter/Spring, 2009. Michigan Journal of International Law 30 Mich. J. Int’l L., No. 3, Spring, 2009. New Criminal Law Review 12 New Crim. L. Rev., No. 2, Spring, 2009. Northern Kentucky Law Review 36 N. Ky. L. Rev., No. 4, Pp. 445-654, 2009. Ohio Northern University Law Review 35 Ohio N.U. L. Rev., No. 2, Pp. 445-886, 2009. Pace Law Review 29 Pace L. Rev., No. 3, Spring, 2009. Quinnipiac Health Law Journal 12 Quinnipiac Health L.J., No. 2, Pp. 209-332, 2008-2009. Real Property, Trust and Estate Law Journal 44 Real Prop. Tr. & Est. L.J., No. 1, Spring, 2009. Rutgers Race and the Law Review 10 Rutgers Race & L. Rev., No. 2, Pp. 441-629, 2009. San Diego Law Review 46 San Diego L. Rev., No. 2, Spring, 2009. Seton Hall Law Review 39 Seton Hall L. Rev., No. 3, Pp. 725-1102, 2009. Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal 18 S. Cal. Interdisc. L.J., No. 3, Spring, 2009. Stanford Environmental Law Journal 28 Stan. Envtl. L.J., No. 3, July, 2009. Tulsa Law Review 44 Tulsa L. Rev., No. 2, Winter, 2008. UMKC Law Review 77 UMKC L. Rev., No. 4, Summer, 2009. Washburn Law Journal 48 Washburn L.J., No. 3, Spring, 2009. Washington University Global Studies Law Review 8 Wash. U. Global Stud. L. Rev., No. 3, Pp.451-617, 2009. Washington University Journal of Law & Policy 29 Wash. U. J.L. & Pol’y, Pp. 1-401, 2009. Washington University Law Review 86 Wash. U. L. Rev., No. 6, Pp. 1273-1521, 2009. William Mitchell Law Review 35 Wm. Mitchell L. Rev., No. 4, Pp. 1235-1609, 2009. Yale Journal of International Law 34 Yale J. Int’l L., No. 2, Summer, 2009. Yale Journal on Regulation 26 Yale J. on Reg., No. 2, Summer, 2009.

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Current index to legal periodicals

n.b.: En el idioma original de la Comunicación, Es pañol, Inglés, Portugués o Francés, 250 palabras máximo) Una de las competencias transversales en las que universitarias es la del trabajo cooperativo, que e xperimenta u aulas universitarias (sean sus muros físicos o virt uales). Ello es fruto de una dilatada investigación psicológica y pedagógica, a la que se ha sumado la más reciente sobre los usos educativos de las tecnologías de la inform desarrollo del aprendizaje cooperativo en la educac ión superior supone un reflejo del protagonismo cada vez mayor de la cooperación en la i vestigación académica y en nuestra propia experiencia cotidiana vinculada a las redes de comunicación informáticas. El proyecto de traducción cooperativa de la obra de Yochai Benkler Networks que presento aquí se ubica en la intersección ambiv lente de estas dos tendencias con el propósito de explorar la fluencia de esa “riqueza de las redes” a la educac ión superior, imbricando la dimensión educativa con la de producc ión social de conocimiento. En este sentido, el principal objetivo de la presente reflexión es c ontribuir a la discusión sobre procesos de enseñanza/aprendizaje que, tanto en su metodología c mo en sus contenidos, permitan vincular coherentemente las tareas académicas (tant o docentes como investigadoras) con exitosas formas de cooperación social herederas del movimiento de software libre e in por la fértil reivindicación de un ABSTRACT (Inglés, siempre debe existir un abstract Cooperative work is one of the most significant com petencies in recent University reforms, and is achieving a gradual introduction in univer sity classrooms (may their walls be physical or virtual). This results from extensive together with more recent studies on educational us es of Technologies (ICTs) . Nevertheless, the current development of cooperat iv learning in higher Libro Nuevos Medios, Nueva ComunicaciónInglés, siempre debe existir un abstract Cooperative work is one of the most significant com petencies in recent University reforms, and is achieving a gradual introduction in univer sity classrooms (may their walls be physical or virtual). This results from extensive together with more recent studies on educational us es of Technologies (ICTs) . Nevertheless, the current development of cooperat iv learning in higher Libro Nuevos Medios, Nueva Comunicación |cientifico@comunicacion3punto0.com The Wealth of Networks Yochai Benkler Prof. Dr. D. Florencio Cabello Universidad de Málaga Málaga, España profesor de Tecnología

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The Wealth of Networks

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The Virtues and Vices of a Judge: An Aristotelian Guide to Judicial Selection

Sometimes technological change is so profound that it rocks the foundations of an entire body of law. Peer-to-peer (P2P) filesharing systems - Napster, Gnutella, KaZaA, Grokster, and Freenet3 - are mere symptoms of a set of technological innovations that have set in motion an ongoing process of fundamental changes in the nature of copyright law. The video tape recorder begat the Sony substantial noninfringing use defense. The digital cassette recorder begat the Audio Home Recording Act. The internet begat the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Napster begat Napster. We see the law morph right in front of our eyes, but its ultimate form is still obscure. As a consequence, the future of copyright is up for grabs. We live in a magical, exhilarating, and frightening time: Many alternative copyfutures shimmer on the horizon, sometimes coming into sharper focus and sometimes fading away. In this heady atmosphere, the idea slingers are at work. Richard Posner and William Landes have proposed indefinitely renewable copyrights. Neil Netanel, William Fisher, and others propose to legalize P2P filesharing and replace the lost revenues with a tax on hardware and internet service. Joseph Liu suggests that the scope of fair use should grow with time. Mark Lemley is debunking ex post justifications for intellectual property. No surprise, the academics do not have a monopoly on idea slinging. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) have gone on the offensive, proposing legislation like the Induce Act, targeted at shutting down P2P filesharing services that allow third parties to share copyrighted content. No copywarrior is more prominent and influential than Larry Lessig. Lessig was the brilliant architect of Eric Eldred's failed challenge to the CTEA's retroactive twenty-year extension of copyright terms - effectively a twenty-year moratorium on new works entering the public domain. In Free Culture, Lessig has remade himself as a norm entrepreneur - a public figure with the towering ambition of reshaping copynorms - the fundamental set of social norms that shape perceptions of the morality of filesharing and the legitimacy of legislation that shrinks the public domain. This essay examines the ideas in Free Culture in the context of current controversies over the future of copyright.

The Future of Copyright

INTRODUCTION 551 I. THREE STAGES IN DWORKIN’S THEORY OF INTERPRETATION 553 A. Hard Cases: Fit and Justification 553 B. Law’s Empire: Law as Integrity 554 C. Justice for Hedgehogs: The Unity of Interpretation 557 II. WHAT IS INTERPRETATION? 558 A. The Structure of Dworkin’s Theory 558 B. Is the Unity-of-Interpretation Thesis True? 560 III. THE PATH NOT TAKEN: THE INTERPRETATION-CONSTRUCTION DISTINCTION 567 A. Alternative Dworkin 567 B. The Interpretation-Construction Distinction 568 C. Interpretation: An Account of Semantic Availability 569 D. Construction: Alternative Dworkinian Accounts 572 CONCLUSION: FROM CONSTRUCTIVE INTERPRETATION TO CONSTRUCTIVISM 577

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The Unity of Interpretation

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To Our Children's Children's Children: The Problems of Intergenerational Ethics

This essay advances a formalist conception of constitutional stare decisis. I shall argue that instrumentalist accounts of precedent are inherently unsatisfying and that the Supreme Court should abandon adherence to the doctrine that it is free to overrule its own prior decisions. These moves are embedded in a larger theoretical framework - a revival of formalist ideas in legal theory that I shall call "neoformalism" to distinguish my view from the so-called "formalism" caricatured by the legal realists (and from some other views that are called "formalist"). In Part II, The Critique of Unenumerated Constitutional Rights, we set the stage by briefly recalling why the unenumerated rights precedents are under theoretical (and political) siege. Then, in Part III, Neoformalism, Stare Decisis, and the Rule of Law, we examine the jurisprudential roots of a formalist revival that would create theoretical space for the idea that the Supreme Court should regard itself as bound by precedent. In Part IV, A Neoformalist Conception of Constitutional Stare Decisis, that theoretical framework is deployed to develop the outline of a neoformalist theory of constitutional stare decisis. This conception is brought down to earth in Part V, which answers the question posed by its title: Does the Neoformalist Conception of Constitutional Stare Decisis Support Contemporary Unenumerated Rights Jurisprudence? We wrap it all up in Part VI, Unenumerated Rights and the Future of Constitutional Doctrine.

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Lawrence B. Solum

Papers

The Virtues and Vices of a Judge: An Aristotelian Guide to Judicial Selection

The Future of Copyright

The Unity of Interpretation

To Our Children's Children's Children: The Problems of Intergenerational Ethics

Constitutional Stare Decisis, Legal Formalism, and the Future of Unenumerated Rights