https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.2307%2F3343168.pdf

Development as Freedom

「脆弱性(Vulnerability)」とは何か

It made it possible to improve people's lives. Now it prevents all forms of discrimination in the world. It helps to improve our world.

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Justice and the Politics of Difference

Cet article analyse les relations conceptuelles (imprecises) de la vulnerabilite, de la resilience et de la capacite d’adaptation aux changements climatiques selon le systeme socio-ecologique (socio-ecologigal systems – SES) afin de comprendre et anticiper le comportement des composantes sociales et ecologiques du systeme. Une serie de questions est proposee par l’auteur sur la specification de ces termes afin de developper une structure conceptuelle qui inclut les dimensions naturelles et so...

Linkages between vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity

https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/bitstream/icict/41064/2/Heller_L%c3%a9o_IRR_2020_COVID-19.pdf

COVID-19 faecal-oral transmission: Are we asking the right questions?

3 Abstract This epidemiological investigation examines the impact of several environmental sanitation conditions and hygiene practices on diarrhea occurrence among children under five years of age living in an urban area. The case-control design was employed; 997 cases and 999 controls were included in the investigation. Cases were defined as children with diarrhea and controls were randomly selected among children under five years of age. After logistic regression adjustment, the following variables were found to be significantly associated with diarrhea: washing and purifying fruit and vegetables; presence of wastewater in the street; refuse storage, collection and disposal; domestic water reservoir conditions; feces disposal from swaddles; presence of vectors in the house and flooding in the lot. The estimates of the relative risks reached values up to 2.87. The present study revealed the feasibility of developing and implementing an adequate model to establish intervention priorities in the field of environmental sanitation. Key-words: Diarrhea. Hygiene practices. Model for priority setting. Urban refuse. Water supply.

Environmental sanitation conditions and health impact: a case-control study Condições de saneamento ambiental e impacto na saúde: um estudo caso-controle

This epidemiological investigation examines the impact of several environmental sanitation conditions and hygiene practices on diarrhea occurrence among children under five years of age living in an urban area. The case-control design was employed; 997 cases and 999 controls were included in the investigation. Cases were defined as children with diarrhea and controls were randomly selected among children under five years of age. After logistic regression adjustment, the following variables were found to be significantly associated with diarrhea: washing and purifying fruit and vegetables; presence of wastewater in the street; refuse storage, collection and disposal; domestic water reservoir conditions; feces disposal from swaddles; presence of vectors in the house and flooding in the lot. The estimates of the relative risks reached values up to 2.87. The present study revealed the feasibility of developing and implementing an adequate model to establish intervention priorities in the field of environmental sanitation.

/pdf/environmental-sanitation-conditions-and-health-impact-a-case-2mhqzinr8f.pdf

Environmental sanitation conditions and health impact: a case-control study

Discute-se a relacao entre saude e saneamento, situando-a no contexto do processo de desenvolvimento social. E defendida inicialmente a insercao dessa relacao no atual enfoque saude e ambiente, reconhecendo que esta nova area nao elimina a pertinencia da abordagem saude-saneamento, na verdade sua precursora. Apresenta-se a conceituacao de saneamento e sua atual situacao no pais, alem dos marcos conceituais da relacao saude-saneamento. Indicadores de desenvolvimento dos paises, enfatizando os brasileiros, sao confrontados com indicadores sanitarios, mostrando-se que, para o grau de desenvolvimento economico e a cobertura por servicos de saneamento no Brasil, melhor desempenho dos indicadores de saude seria esperado. Avaliam-se as assertivas que podem ser extraidas dos estudos epidemiologicos desenvolvidos na area de saneamento e, por fim, discutem-se as perspectivas que se apresentam no campo da relacao saude-saneamento.

/pdf/relacao-entre-saude-e-saneamento-na-perspectiva-do-4yb8j3buhz.pdf

Relação entre saúde e saneamento na perspectiva do desenvolvimento

The objective of the present study was to characterize Giardia duodenalis infection among children living in sub-standard settlement areas in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The cross-sectional epidemiological study included 590 children from 1 to 5 years of age. Data were collected from one child per selected family through home interviews with the parent or guardian and parasitological examination of stool samples. Thirty-one putative risk factors concerning family structure, socioeconomic status, and environmental factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Prevalence of G. duodenalis infection was 18% (106 children). Four potential risk factors were heavily associated with G. duodenalis infection: number of under-five children in the same household, index child's birth order, existence of a bathroom in the home, and drinking water source.

/pdf/giardia-duodenalis-infection-risk-factors-for-children-4w4yvwcgrh.pdf

Léo Heller

Papers

COVID-19 faecal-oral transmission: Are we asking the right questions?

Environmental sanitation conditions and health impact: a case-control study Condições de saneamento ambiental e impacto na saúde: um estudo caso-controle

Environmental sanitation conditions and health impact: a case-control study

Relação entre saúde e saneamento na perspectiva do desenvolvimento

Giardia duodenalis infection: risk factors for children living in sub-standard settlements in Brazil