Leo Ling

TL;DR: Although all gaze shifts were hypometric, they were more hypometric in some monkeys than in others, and certain features of the gaze shift were identifiable in all monkeys, suggesting that gaze is controlled in a different way with the head free.

TL;DR: Prosthetic implantation of the semicircular canals in humans is technically feasible and Preservation of native auditory and vestibular function was not demonstrated in a single subject with advanced Ménière’s disease.

TL;DR: Single-unit activity in the caudal central nucleus of the oculomotor complex in monkeys trained to make vertical saccadic, smooth-pursuit, and fixation eye movements suggests that levator and superior rectus motoneurons receive input signals that originate from a common source, but that the signals are processed differently to deal with the different loads facing these muscles.

TL;DR: It is possible to implant the vestibular system with prosthetic stimulating electrodes without loss of rotational sensitivity or hearing and a feasibility study for the treatment of human subjects with disabling Ménière’s disease has begun.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that canal-specific two-dimensionally (2D) measured eye velocities are elicited from intermittent brief 2 s biphasic pulse electrical stimulation in four human subjects implanted with a Vestibular prosthesis, suggesting that electrical stimulation of the vestibular end organ in human subjects provided controlled vestibul inputs over time.