Showing papers by "Leo Paul Dana published in 2015"
TL;DR: In this paper, three great epistemological risks are outlined, as they relate to this type of approach: 1) the risk of abstract actors or beings of reason, as per David Emile Durkheim (1858-1917); 2) The risk of circularity, a concept of Karl Popper (1902-1994); 3) The problem linked to the phenomenon of equifinality, introduced by Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1901-1972).
Abstract: This paper explains why the term 'comprehensive research' appears to be more relevant than 'qualitative research'. Three great epistemological risks are outlined, as they relate to this type of approach: 1) the risk of abstract actors or beings of reason, as per David Emile Durkheim (1858-1917); 2) the risk of circularity, a concept of Karl Popper (1902-1994); 3) the risk linked to the phenomenon of equifinality, a concept introduced by Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1901-1972). Our paper shows how to manage these risks, by determining the unit of analysis (abstract actors), by specifying in an independent manner, the theories in terms of social mechanisms and the material in terms of coding (to avoid circularity), expanding the exploration of plausible rival hypotheses, process tracing and counterfactual reasoning (equifinality). Finally, we explain the scientific contributions that can be expected from this kind of approach, such as highlighting mechanisms, building typologies and redefining concepts or theories.
161 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the Holy Qur'an verses and the Muhammad's (S.A.W) Hadith (teachings and traditions) are used to see the approach of Islam as a religion towards entrepreneurship and business.
Abstract: Islamic entrepreneurship and business is a topic area of business management study due to the increasingly dynamic international business environment in which culture and religion are important to developing business relationships. The main objective of this paper is to see the approach of Islam as a religion towards entrepreneurship and business. Utilising recent and relevant literature on the topic, this paper is based on the Holy Qur'an verses and the Muhammad's (S.A.W) Hadith (teachings and traditions). In this paper the themes focused on include thee taqwa, halal and haram; knowledge and entrepreneurs; innovativeness and risk-taking, proper usage of resources, financing and Islamic perspectives on ethics and social responsibility. At the end of the paper we provide recommendations for further research and suggestions for how emerging interest in this topic area of business management study might be addressed. We also highlight how the context of Islamic business is an important driver of entrepreneurial activity.
110 citations
TL;DR: Indigenous entrepreneurship is among the youngest fields of academic research as discussed by the authors, revealing that some cultural values are incompatible with the basic assumptions of mainstream theories of entrepreneurship, and that social organisation among indigenous peoples is often based on kinship ties, not necessarily created in response to market needs.
Abstract: Indigenous entrepreneurship is among the youngest fields of academic research, revealing that some cultural values are incompatible with the basic assumptions of mainstream theories of entrepreneurship. Social organisation among indigenous peoples is often based on kinship ties, not necessarily created in response to market needs. In contrast to Western-style capitalism, some indigenous economies display elements of egalitarianism, sharing and communal activity. Indigenous entrepreneurship often relies on immediately available resources, and consequently, work in indigenous communities may be less regular than is the case among mainstream societies. Much entrepreneurial activity among indigenous people involves internal economic activity with no transaction, while transactions often take place in the bazaar and in the informal sector, where enterprises often have limited inventory.
74 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In Europe, economic transition was coupled with political transformation, the resulting context being unprecedented and remaining unique as mentioned in this paper, and central to transition are the cultural assumptions of a social system, and rapid regulatory reform does not necessarily lead to rapid or easy transition unless mindset adapts simultaneously.
Abstract: Transition to a market economy involves profound economic changes, and sometimes—but not necessarily—political change as well. In Europe, economic transition was coupled with political transformation, the resulting context being unprecedented and remaining unique. Central to transition are the cultural assumptions of a social system. Rapid regulatory reform does necessarily lead to rapid or easy transition unless mindset adapts simultaneously.
21 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a case study of family business in transition economies in the South-Eastern European Region, focusing on the management, succession and financial issues of family businesses.
Abstract: Introduction.- Introductory Issues: Context and Uniqueness of Family Businesses.- Content and Uniqueness of Transition Economies.- Different Features of Transition Economies - Institutions Matter.- Management, Succession and Financial Issues: To Be or Not to Be in a Family Business: The Case of Eight Countries in South-Eastern European Region.- Management in Practices in Bulgarian Family and Non-Family SMEs: Exploring "Real" Differences.- Obstacles and Opportunities for Development of Family Businesses: Experiences from Moldova.- Successors' Innovativeness as a Crucial Succession Challenge of Family Businesses in Transition Economies: The Case of Slovenia.- Family Business Succession Risks: The Croatian Context.- The Succession Issues in Family Firms: Insights from Macedonia.- Attributes of Financial Management of Family Companies in the Czech Republic and Slovakia.- Ownership Structure, Cash Constraints and Investment Behaviour in Russian Family Firms.- Internationalization and Other Issues: Family Businesses Motives for Internationalisation: Evidence from Serbia.- Entering in New Markets: Strategies for Internationalization of Family Business.- Family Business in Sport Organizations: Western Experiences as Lessons for Transitional Economies.- Family Businesses in the Trade Sector: An Examination of a Case Study from Kosovo.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the business development of food enterprises in Australia by focusing on Mark Olive and Indigiearth, highlighting the association between the land, nation, families, individuals and communities.
Abstract: Indigenous people in Australia are entrepreneurial by nature because of their ability to use their cultural heritage to create innovative solutions. Part of this creativity stems from indigenous peoples linkage with the land, nature and flora that inspires innovative cooking and food usages. Traditional lands are inseparable from indigenous people in Australia and it is this connection with native herbs, spices and produce that make the food unique. In order to improve the socio-economic development of their people, some indigenous entrepreneurs have started business ventures to capitalise on the international food trend towards locally sourced and grown produce. This paper explores the business development of food enterprises in Australia by focusing on Mark Olive and Indigiearth. These cases are important instances of indigenous entrepreneurship in Australia that highlights the association between the land, nation, families, individuals and communities.
18 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: The Republic of Macedonia as mentioned in this paper is a small country located in Southeast Europe, that is, the Central Balkan Peninsula, and is one of the successor states of former Yugoslavia, and became a member of the United Nations on April 8, 1993.
Abstract: The purpose of this chapter is to share our findings about female entrepreneurs in the Republic of Macedonia. The Republic of Macedonia is a small country located in Southeast Europe, that is, the Central Balkan Peninsula, and is one of the successor states of former Yugoslavia. The Republic of Macedonia declared its independence on September 8, 1991, and became a member of the United Nations on April 8, 1993. As a result of a dispute with the southern neighbor, Greece, regarding the name issue, it was admitted under the provisional reference of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, abbreviated as FYROM (United Nations, 1993). It covers 25,713 km2 (9,928 square miles), bordering Albania, Kosovo, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Greece. Its capital is Skopje, which is the largest city of the Republic of Macedonia and inhabited by 30% of the total population. According to State Statistical Office of the Republic of Macedonia (2005), based on the data from the last Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2002, the Republic of Macedonia had 2,022,547 inhabitants, which is 3.9% more when compared with the census taken in 1994, and 43% more when compared with the census of 1948. The population of the Republic of Macedonia, according to ethnicity, based on Census 2002, consists of 1,297,981 Macedonians (64.2%); 509,083 Albanians (25.2%); 77,959 Turks (3.9%); 53,879 Romani (2.7%); 35,939 Serbs (1.8%); 19,571 Bosnians/Muslims (0.9%); and 30,688 under the heading of “others” (1.4%). The gross domestic product (GDP) in 2011 was 461,730 million denars (the currency of the Republic of Macedonia) and had increased by 6.4%, in nominal terms, in comparison to 2010. The real GDP growth rate in comparison with 2010 was 2.8% (State Statistical Office of Republic of Macedonia, 2012).
13 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, three great epistemological risks are outlined, as they relate to this type of approach: 1) the risk of abstract actors or beings of reason, as per David Emile Durkheim (1858-1917); 2) The risk of circularity, a concept of Karl Popper (1902-1994); 3) The problem linked to the phenomenon of equifinality, introduced by Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1901-1972).
Abstract: This paper explains why the term 'comprehensive research' appears to be more relevant than 'qualitative research'. Three great epistemological risks are outlined, as they relate to this type of approach: 1) the risk of abstract actors or beings of reason, as per David Emile Durkheim (1858-1917); 2) the risk of circularity, a concept of Karl Popper (1902-1994); 3) the risk linked to the phenomenon of equifinality, a concept introduced by Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1901-1972). Our paper shows how to manage these risks, by determining the unit of analysis (abstract actors), by specifying in an independent manner, the theories in terms of social mechanisms and the material in terms of coding (to avoid circularity), expanding the exploration of plausible rival hypotheses, process tracing and counterfactual reasoning (equifinality). Finally, we explain the scientific contributions that can be expected from this kind of approach, such as highlighting mechanisms, building typologies and redefining concepts or theories.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify and describe three major sources of entrepreneurial value creation, using the primary data collected from 34 successful start-ups: innovative, relational and circumstantial entrepreneurship; and the root processes which support their exploitation.
Abstract: Despite the rich literature addressing entrepreneurial business models and processes, the sources of entrepreneurial value creation are still under debate. Recent studies focus on the value creation processes applied by technology entrepreneurs, social entrepreneurs, and transformational entrepreneurs; however, the business models behind some of these conceptual labels are rather simplistic and confusing. To provide a clear analysis and classification of the sources of entrepreneurial value creation, this study starts with a presentation of the value-related processes, which define modern business models. Using this theoretical approach, the paper develops a criticism of the existing models and then identifies and describes three major sources of entrepreneurial value creation, using the primary data collected from 34 successful start-ups: innovative, relational and circumstantial entrepreneurship; and the root processes which support their exploitation: innovation, marketing, and respectively market research and reactivity.
9 citations
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a comprehensive state-of-the-art picture of family businesses that operate in transition economies; besides a theoretical background, it provides a mixture of empirical evidence that is very likely to offer a brighter view of this field from the perspective of transition countries.
Abstract: The book—Family Businesses in Transition Economies—provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art picture of family businesses that operate in transitional economies; besides a theoretical background, it provides a mixture of empirical evidence that is very likely to offer a brighter view of this field from the perspective of transition countries. The book is a result of long lasting effort and it includes contributions of motivated scholars and experts from different transitional countries and beyond, specially written for the purpose of this book. The volume consists of 16 chapters that are organized into three sections: (1) introductory issues; (2) management, succession and financial issues; and (3) internationalisation and other issues. This introduction gives a brief overview.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of distributors in the innovation process of Sahinler Ferforge Company (SFC) and found that the highest degree of involvement of the distributors in innovation process by SFC takes place in four stages: 1) scoping; 2) project selection; 3) commercialization; 4) evaluation.
Abstract: As organisations seek to develop partnerships and more effective information links with trading partners, internal processes become interlinked and span the traditional boundaries of firms. In the past, the mission of companies was simply to make profit and generate return on shareholders' investments. Nowadays, when the business environment is uncertain and competition is very high, innovation is very important for organisations. The focus of this paper is to investigate how innovation is applied in a secular Islamic country. To do so we observe the Sahinler Ferforge Company (SFC), located in Bursa, Turkey; our focus is the impact of distributors in the innovation process of this company. Activities regarding innovation in SFC are positively related with the success of the company and the tendency is to increase activities, especially with its distributors and to build a long relationship. The highest degree of involvement of the distributors in the innovation process by SFC takes place in four stages: 1) scoping; 2) project selection; 3) commercialisation; 4) evaluation. Our results show that the management of SFC is willing to involve distributors more in the innovation process.
15 Jan 2015
TL;DR: Les Sames as mentioned in this paper are le peuple indigene du Nord de la Scandinavie, vivant en Norvege, en Suede, en Finlande, and dans la peninsule russe de Kola.
Abstract: La quasi-totalite des travaux sur la coopetition porte sur l’emergence de la cooperation dans un milieu concurrentiel. La competition peut-elle emerger d’un substrat relationnel cooperatif ? Une partie de la litterature en entrepreneuriat s’interesse a l’entrepreneuriat indigene. C’est dans ce contexte particulier que nous abordons les relations coopetitives, plus precisement dans le contexte du peuple same. Les Sames sont le peuple indigene du Nord de la Scandinavie, vivant en Norvege, en Suede, en Finlande et dans la peninsule russe de Kola. L’elevage de rennes, activite exercee dans un cadre familial, reste un mode de vie a forte valeur sociale. Une etude ethnographique realisee aupres des entrepreneurs sames revele que la raison de l’elevage est le maintien de la tradition, et pas necessairement la maximisation des profits. L’elevage de rennes n’etant plus que d’un interet economique limite, nombre d’entrepreneurs sames ont developpe des activites complementaires pour compenser la baisse de revenu de l’elevage, tout en preservant la valeur sociale d’une forme d’entrepreneuriat culturellement valorise. Pour gerer ces relations coopetitives, les entrepreneurs cloisonnent leurs relations cooperatives, aux enjeux culturels et territoriaux, de leurs relations concurrentielles, dont les enjeux sont economiques. Des implications en matiere de coopetition et d’entrepreneuriat en sont tirees.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors represent netnography of a larger, international sample of self-designated self-initiated expatriates who, independently of any research intervention, engaged in an online conversation headlined “Self-Made Expats?” on the international expat platform internations.com.
Abstract: The label expatriates is increasingly used by and applied to a growing number of persons who do not fit classical concepts of company-driven expatriation. While relevant research is engaged in establishing interaction with smaller samples of self- initiated expatriates, the present article represents netnography of a larger, international sample of self-designated self-initiated expatriates who, independently of any research intervention, engaged in an online conversation headlined “Self-Made Expats?” on the international expatriates platform internations.com. While key findings from this non- responsive approach to the self-disclosures of an internationally diverse web community of self-made expatriates support certain dimensions of prevailing academic definitions, they also suggest reconsidering the so far disclaimed relevance of entrepreneurialism for the concept of self-initiated expatriation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the characteristics of the two concepts desire and intention by integrating the time dimensions using the concept of temporal distance, which assumes that the value of outcomes perceived differently over time.
Abstract: This study introduced a first cut of entrepreneurial desires and nexus of opportunity and entrepreneurial intentions. In this study we examine the characteristics of the two concepts desire and intention by integrating the time dimensions using the concept of temporal distance, which assumes that the value of outcomes perceived differently over time. We argue that these two concepts are the source of an individual’s entrepreneurial journey. As such, desires and intentions and their impact on opportunity identification can shed light into how opportunities are identified and exploited through venture formation, growth, and their subsequent survival. Using Construal Level Theory (CLT), we look into the fact that desires are integral to entrepreneurial intentions, as they provide insights into entrepreneurial mind-set and subsequent entrepreneurial actions. We used case study methodology and studied three veteran entrepreneurs and their ventures in Sri Lanka. Our data captures the historical data related to origins of entrepreneurial desires to present status of the venture performance, integrating the nexus of individual and firm. This study highlights that temporal distance has an effect on how entrepreneurs respond to future events by changing the way they mentally represent those events. The greater the distance the more likely the events are seen from a more abstract level. This abstract conceptualisation, has a long term impact on the strategic direction of the firm and its performance.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the relationship between business and the developmental aspirations of the world's 800 million plus Indigenous People, whose communities are among the poorest and most marginalized in the world.
Abstract: In this paper we explore the relationship between business (most notably, corporations involved in the natural resource extraction industry) and the developmental aspirations of the world’s 800 million plus Indigenous People, whose communities are among the poorest and most marginalized in the world. To do so, we examine the emergence, evolution and growing importance of the rights of Indigenous people and the role these rights have played (and can play) in the development pathways available to Indigenous communities around the globe. To do this, we use regulation theory to explore the relationship between Indigenous rights and social capital formation as an under researched area when considering how Indigenous people pursue development, particularly through entrepreneurship We posit that the more localized the mode of social regulation (and greater the level of Indigenous participation in social regulation), the higher the level of social capital formation, but that the pathway upon which the local mode of regulation is based has a mediating effect on the entrepreneurial processes utilized by these communities. In exploring, this we will focus on modes of development involving Indigenous peoples’ participation in the modern economy through mutually beneficial alliances (MBAs) including joint ventures (JVs) with non-Indigenous organizations. A framework and illustrative examples are presented. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of this research with respect to understanding and predicting the development fortunes of Indigenous peoples globally.
07 Aug 2015
TL;DR: In this article, a qualitative longitudinal case studies based on a sample of eight firms belonging to the textile district, following their histories of innovation along a period of five years, is adopted to interpret the findings of a field research.
Abstract: This study aims at inquiring entrepreneurship in its relational dimension. In particular the paper analyses this concern with a contextualisation in the Florence-Prato district. Such an environment offers similar entrepreneurial resources as pre-conditions, the so-called genius loci. However, firms evolve differently due to their approach to opportunities, basing on network configurations.
We used a qualitative longitudinal case studies based on a sample of eight firms belonging to the textile district, following their histories of innovation along a period of five years. A strong tie and weak tie approach is adopted to interpret the findings of a field research. Importance of strong ties which are strictly connect with the territory. Weak ties or serendipity events are mostly recalled in the discovering phase of a radical innovation. After an initial phase, strong ties come back into play in the implementation phase, to find means of practical feasibility. However, entrepreneurs differ: in some cases have assumed a causal logic, otherwise, entrepreneurs instead starting from a contingent situation have developed new scenarios for their firm.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors represent netnography of a larger, international sample of self-designated self-initiated expatriates who, independently of any research intervention, engaged in an online conversation headlined “Self-Made Expats?” on the international expat platform internations.com.
Abstract: The label expatriates is increasingly used by and applied to a growing number of persons who do not fit classical concepts of company-driven expatriation. While relevant research is engaged in establishing interaction with smaller samples of self-initiated expatriates, the present article represents netnography of a larger, international sample of self-designated self-initiated expatriates who, independently of any research intervention, engaged in an online conversation headlined “Self-Made Expats?” on the international expatriates platform internations.com. While key findings from this non- responsive approach to the self-disclosures of an internationally diverse web community of self-made expatriates support certain dimensions of prevailing academic definitions, they also suggest reconsidering the so far disclaimed relevance of entrepreneurialism for the concept of self-initiated expatriation.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors represent netnography of a larger, international sample of self-designated self-initiated expatriates who, independently of any research intervention, engaged in an online conversation headlined “Self-Made Expats?” on the international expat platform internations.com.
Abstract: The label expatriates is increasingly used by and applied to a growing number of persons who do not fit classical concepts of company-driven expatriation. While relevant research is engaged in establishing interaction with smaller samples of self- initiated expatriates, the present article represents netnography of a larger, international sample of self-designated self-initiated expatriates who, independently of any research intervention, engaged in an online conversation headlined “Self-Made Expats?” on the international expatriates platform internations.com. While key findings from this non- responsive approach to the self-disclosures of an internationally diverse web community of self-made expatriates support certain dimensions of prevailing academic definitions, they also suggest reconsidering the so far disclaimed relevance of entrepreneurialism for the concept of self-initiated expatriation.