Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Consider a given dynamical system, described by ẋ = f(x) (wheref is a nonlinear function) and [x0] a subset ofR. We present an algorithm, based on interval analysis, able to show that there exists a unique equilibrium statex∞ ∈ [x0] which is asymptotically stable. The effective method also provides a set[x] (subset of[x0]) which is included in the attraction domain of x∞.

Ieee transactions on automatic control

Energy management strategies of connected HEVs and PHEVs: Recent progress and outlook

Sustainability analysis of the electric vehicle use in Europe for CO2 emissions reduction

This paper examines the competitiveness of the latest generation of electric delivery trucks. A new model that integrates routing constraints, speed profiles, energy consumption, and vehicle ownership costs is developed. The model is applied to the study the competitiveness of three commercial vehicles: a widely available conventional diesel truck and two brands of electric trucks. Scenarios and breakeven points are calculated and analyzed for a large number parameter combination. The results show that route feasibility, minimum fleet size, distance traveled, battery life, purchase costs, and planning horizon are among the most significant factors affecting commercial electric vehicle competitiveness.

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A Methodology to Evaluate the Competitiveness of Electric Delivery Trucks

Due to the introduction of electrical regenerative braking, the structure, design and control of braking system of an electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electrical vehicle (HEV) and fuel cell vehicle (FCV) is quite different from the pure mechanical braking system of conventional vehicles. Desirable braking performance not only guarantee to quickly stop the vehicle and maintain the traveling direction stable and controllable, but recapture the braking energy as much as possible on various conditions of road. In this paper, the braking energy characteristics on vehicle speed and braking power in typical urban driving cycles have been investigated. The results provide strong supports to the design and control of such hybrid braking system. Two hybrid braking systems have been introduced. One is parallel hybrid braking system, which has a simple structure and control. The other is fully controllable hybrid braking system. Two typical control strategies for this system have been established. One emphasizes optimal braking performance and the other on optimal braking energy recovery.

Design and Control Principles of Hybrid Braking System for EV, HEV and FCV

Jackknife is an unstable state of tractor semi-trailer combination, and there is no sensor available to detect the jackknife or measure the hitch articulation angle. A state observer is designed to estimate the articulation angle, where a 3 DOF tractor semi-trailer linear model is used. The steering wheel angle sensors, lateral acceleration sensor, yaw rate sensor and axle load sensor of electronic stability control system for commercial vehicle are available here, and the signals are used in the state observer. Utilized road adhesion coefficient is estimated with lateral acceleration to correct the linear tire model. The observer is validated on a 21 DOF tractor semi-trailer nonlinear model, the simulation results shown that the estimated articulation angle is accurate in either linear area or nonlinear area of tire lateral force model.

Estimation of Articulation Angle for Tractor Semi-trailer Based on State Observer

Optimal energy management strategy for parallel plug-in hybrid electric vehicle based on driving behavior analysis and real time traffic information prediction

Energy management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle integrated with vehicle-environment cooperation control

Benefitting from the advances in sensor nets, wireless communication, and embedded systems, the cyber-physical system (CPS) has been implemented in many practical areas. The cyber world and the physical world in CPS are closely linked and merged, guaranteeing the reliable and efficient performance of the physical world. The service-oriented CPS has been the hot research and development. In this paper, we present a novel velocity-profile prediction method based on the specific CPS architecture. Three main efforts have been made. First, a CPS architecture which is appropriate for velocity-profile prediction is built. Second, the hybrid velocity-profile prediction (HVPP) method is developed based on the exclusive CPS architecture. The HVPP method accomplishes the velocity-profile prediction by cooperatively employing different control units in CPS. Third, a case study in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is performed to evaluate the effect of CPS-based service in the real application. Results of the case study demonstrate that the HVPP method can improve the fuel economy of PHEV significantly.

Liang Chu

Papers

Design and Control Principles of Hybrid Braking System for EV, HEV and FCV

Estimation of Articulation Angle for Tractor Semi-trailer Based on State Observer

Optimal energy management strategy for parallel plug-in hybrid electric vehicle based on driving behavior analysis and real time traffic information prediction

Energy management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle integrated with vehicle-environment cooperation control

A Cyber-Physical System-Based Velocity-Profile Prediction Method and Case Study of Application in Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle