/pdf/recent-advances-in-zn-ion-batteries-utvauxy3ub.pdf

Recent Advances in Zn-Ion Batteries

Electrochemical water splitting is a promising technology for sustainable conversion, storage, and transport of hydrogen energy. Searching for earth-abundant hydrogen/oxygen evolution reaction (HER/OER) electrocatalysts with high activity and durability to replace noble-metal-based catalysts plays paramount importance in the scalable application of water electrolysis. A freestanding electrode architecture is highly attractive as compared to the conventional coated powdery form because of enhanced kinetics and stability. Herein, recent progress in developing transition-metal-based HER/OER electrocatalytic materials is reviewed with selected examples of chalcogenides, phosphides, carbides, nitrides, alloys, phosphates, oxides, hydroxides, and oxyhydroxides. Focusing on self-supported electrodes, the latest advances in their structural design, controllable synthesis, mechanistic understanding, and strategies for performance enhancement are presented. Remaining challenges and future perspectives for the further development of self-supported electrocatalysts are also discussed.

Self-Supported Transition-Metal-Based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) are truly promising contenders for the future large-scale electrical energy storage applications due to their cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, intri...

Active Materials for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Morphology, and Electrochemistry

Advanced rechargeable zinc-based batteries: Recent progress and future perspectives

Organic materials have attracted much attention for their utility as lithium-battery electrodes because their tunable structures can be sustainably prepared from abundant precursors in an environmentally friendly manner. Most research into organic electrodes has focused on the material level instead of evaluating performance in practical batteries. This Review addresses this by first providing an overview of the history and redox of organic electrode materials and then evaluating the prospects and remaining challenges of organic electrode materials for practical lithium batteries. Our evaluations are made according to energy density, power density, cycle life, gravimetric density, electronic conductivity and other relevant parameters, such as energy efficiency, cost and resource availability. We posit that research in this field must focus more on the intrinsic electronic conductivity and density of organic electrode materials, after which a comprehensive optimization of full batteries should be performed under practically relevant conditions. We hope to stimulate high-quality applied research that might see the future commercialization of organic electrode materials. Organic materials can serve as sustainable electrodes in lithium batteries. This Review describes the desirable characteristics of organic electrodes and the corresponding batteries and how we should evaluate them in terms of performance, cost and sustainability.

Prospects of organic electrode materials for practical lithium batteries

Organic carbonyl compounds show potential as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) but the limited capacities (<600 mA h g-1 ) and high solubility in electrolyte restrict their further applications Herein we report the synthesis and application of cyclohexanehexone (C6 O6 ), which exhibits an ultrahigh capacity of 902 mA h g-1 with an average voltage of 17 V at 20 mA g-1 in LIBs (corresponding to a high energy density of 1533 Wh kg-1C6O6 ) A preliminary cycling test shows that C6 O6 displays a capacity retention of 82 % after 100 cycles at 50 mA g-1 because of the limited solubility in high-polarity ionic liquid electrolyte Furthermore, the combination of DFT calculations and experimental techniques, such as Raman and IR spectroscopy, demonstrates the electrochemical active C=O groups during discharge and charge processes

Cyclohexanehexone with Ultrahigh Capacity as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

We report high-performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries consisting of a zinc anode, a poly(benzoquinonyl sulfide) (PBQS) cathode, and a 3 M Zn(CF3SO3)2 aqueous electrolyte. The PBQS cathode displays an initial discharge capacity of 203 mA h g−1 at 0.1C and a good capacity retention of 86% after 50 cycles at 0.2C. The PBQS cathode can deliver a high reversible capacity of 126 mA h g−1 at a high rate of 5.0C. Meanwhile, we also studied the redox mechanism during discharge/charge processes by ex situ infrared spectra and theoretical calculations, revealing that reversible bonding of Zn2+ ions with carbonyl oxygen atoms in PBQS occurs in the redox reactions of PBQS molecules. The redox reactions of PBQS molecules can be regarded as the reversible bonding of Zn2+ ions with carbonyl oxygen atoms in PBQS.

High-performance rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries with a poly(benzoquinonyl sulfide) cathode

A new facile and green solid exfoliation method using urea-assisted ball milling is reported here to prepare NH2-functionalized few-layer black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets The thickness of the obtained nanosheets is about 215–487 nm The NH2-BP nanosheets exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance with an overpotential of 290 mV at −10 mA cm−2, a Tafel slope of 63 mV dec−1 and a turnover frequency of 321 s−1 at an overpotential of 290 mV, which drastically surpass those of the bulk BP This electrocatalytic activity of NH2-BP nanosheets in alkaline electrolyte greatly outperforms that in acidic electrolyte, making it a promising metal-free HER catalyst

Facile preparation of NH2-functionalized black phosphorene for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

Sodium metal is a promising anode, but uneven Na deposition with a dendrite growth seriously impedes its application. Herein, a fibrous hydroxylated MXene/carbon nanotubes (h-Ti3 C2 /CNTs) composite is designed as a scaffold for dendrite-free Na metal electrodes. This composite displays fast Na+ /electron transport kinetics and good thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. The h-Ti3 C2 contains abundant sodiophilic functional groups, which play a significant role in inducing homogeneous nucleation of Na. Meanwhile, CNTs provide high tensile strength and ease of film-forming. As a result, h-Ti3 C2 /CNTs exhibit a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.2 % and no dendrite after 1000 cycles. The h-Ti3 C2 /CNTs/Na based symmetric cells show a long lifespan over 4000 h at 1.0 mA cm-2 with a capacity of 1.0 mAh cm-2 . Furthermore, Na-O2 batteries with a h-Ti3 C2 /CNTs/Na anode exhibit a low potential gap of 0.11 V after an initial 70 cycles.

A 3D Hydroxylated MXene/Carbon Nanotubes Composite as a Scaffold for Dendrite-Free Sodium-Metal Electrodes.

Electrochemical energy storage with redox-flow batteries (RFBs) under subzero temperature is of great significance for the use of renewable energy in cold regions. However, RFBs are generally used above 10 °C. Herein we present non-aqueous organic RFBs based on 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (H2 TPP) as a bipolar redox-active material (anode: [H2 TPP]2- /H2 TPP, cathode: H2 TPP/[H2 TPP]2+ ) and a Y-zeolite-poly(vinylidene fluoride) (Y-PVDF) ion-selective membrane with high ionic conductivity as a separator. The constructed RFBs exhibit a high volumetric capacity of 8.72 Ah L-1 with a high voltage of 2.83 V and excellent cycling stability (capacity retention exceeding 99.98 % per cycle) in the temperature range between 20 and -40 °C. Our study highlights principles for the design of RFBs that operate at low temperatures, thus offering a promising approach to electrochemical energy storage under cold-climate conditions.

Licheng Miao

Papers

Cyclohexanehexone with Ultrahigh Capacity as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

High-performance rechargeable aqueous Zn-ion batteries with a poly(benzoquinonyl sulfide) cathode

Facile preparation of NH2-functionalized black phosphorene for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction

A 3D Hydroxylated MXene/Carbon Nanotubes Composite as a Scaffold for Dendrite-Free Sodium-Metal Electrodes.

Porphyrin-Based Symmetric Redox-Flow Batteries towards Cold-Climate Energy Storage.