Boosted by the general aim of exploiting the biotechnological potential of the microbial component of biodiversity, research on the secondary metabolite production of endophytic fungi has remarkably increased in the past few decades. Novel compounds and bioactivities have resulted from this work, which has stimulated a more thorough consideration of various natural ecosystems as conducive contexts for the discovery of new drugs. Thriving at the frontier between land and sea, mangrove forests represent one of the most valuable areas in this respect. The present paper offers a review of the research on the characterization and biological activities of secondary metabolites from manglicolous strains of species belonging to the genus Talaromyces. Aspects concerning the opportunity for a more reliable identification of this biological material in the light of recent taxonomic revisions are also discussed.

Secondary Metabolites of Mangrove-Associated Strains of Talaromyces

As medicine advances, cancer is still among one of the major health problems, posing significant threats to human health. New anticancer agents features with novel scaffolds and/or unique mechanisms of action are highly desirable for the treatment of cancers, especially those highly aggressive and drug-resistant ones. Nitrogen mustard has been widely used as an anticancer drug since the discovery of its antitumor effect in the 1942. However, the lack of selectivity to cancer cells restricts the wide usage of a mass of nitrogen mustard agents to achieve further clinical significance. Discovery of antitumor hybrids using nitrogen mustards as key functional groups has exhibited enormous potential in the drug development. Introduction of nitrogen mustards resulted in improvement in the activity, selectivity, targetability, safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties of corresponding lead compounds or agents. Herein, the recently developed nitrogen mustard based hybrids have been introduced in the cancer therapy.

Therapeutic Potential of Nitrogen Mustard Based Hybrid Molecules.

Recent progress of antibacterial natural products: Future antibiotics candidates.

Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Hypoxia-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), driven by hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), is involved in cancer progression and metastasis. The present study was designed to explore the role of propofol in hypoxia-induced resistance of prostate cancer cells to docetaxel. We used the Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation assay to measure cell viability and cell proliferation, respectively, in prostate cancer cell lines. Then, we detected HIF-1α, E-cadherin, and vimentin expression using western blotting. Propofol reversed the hypoxia-induced docetaxel resistance in the prostate cancer cell lines. Propofol not only decreased hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression, but also reversed hypoxia-induced EMT by suppressing HIF-1α. Furthermore, small interfering RNA–mediated silencing of HIF-1α reversed the hypoxia-induced docetaxel resistance, although there was little change in docetaxel sensitivity between the hypoxia group and propofol group. The induction of hypoxia did not affect E-cadherin and vimentin expression, and under the siRNA knockdown conditions, the effects of propofol were obviated. These data support a role for propofol in regulating EMT in prostate cancer cells. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that propofol plays an important role in hypoxia-induced docetaxel sensitivity and EMT in prostate cancer cells and that it is a potential drug for overcoming drug resistance in prostate cancer cells via HIF-1α suppression.

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Propofol Reversed Hypoxia-Induced Docetaxel Resistance in Prostate Cancer Cells by Preventing Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition by Inhibiting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α

The review of the 2016–2017 marine pharmacology literature was prepared in a manner similar as the 10 prior reviews of this series. Preclinical marine pharmacology research during 2016–2017 assessed 313 marine compounds with novel pharmacology reported by a growing number of investigators from 54 countries. The peer-reviewed literature reported antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities for 123 marine natural products, 111 marine compounds with antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities as well as affecting the immune and nervous system, while in contrast 79 marine compounds displayed miscellaneous mechanisms of action which upon further investigation may contribute to several pharmacological classes. Therefore, in 2016–2017, the preclinical marine natural product pharmacology pipeline generated both novel pharmacology as well as potentially new lead compounds for the growing clinical marine pharmaceutical pipeline, and thus sustained with its contributions the global research for novel and effective therapeutic strategies for multiple disease categories.

Marine Pharmacology in 2016-2017: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action.

A new antibacterial chromone derivative from mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium aculeatum (No. 9EB).

Brefeldin A enhances docetaxel-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells in monolayer and 3D cultures.

The invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical compound and discloses a benzopyrone compound, a benzopyrone compound preparation method and application of the benzopyrone compound to preparation of antibacterial medicines The compound has a structure shown as a formula (I) and is obtained by separation and extraction from fermented culture substances of mangrove endophytic fungus Penicillium sp9EB The preparation method includes: subjecting mangrove fungi to seed culture and fermentation culture, extracting with methyl alcohol, filtering and concentrating to obtain extract, adding water for making the extract into suspension, and subjecting ethyl acetate extract to silica gel column chromatography, gel column chromatography, preparative high-performance liquid phase purification and the like to obtain a target product The benzopyrone compound provides a lead compound for development of the antibacterial medicines and can be applied to preparation of medicines resistant to salmonellae, bacillus cereus and the like

Benzopyrone compound, benzopyrone compound preparation method and application of benzopyrone compound to preparation of antibacterial medicines

The invention discloses a serum-free tumor stem cell culture medium. The serum-free tumor stem cell culture medium is prepared from an MCDB153 basic culture medium, cell factors, protein polypeptides, antibiotics, epinephrine, selenium, sodium hydrogen carbonate, lipids and mangrove endophytic fungus metabolite 4(15)-eudesmene-5,7-dyhydroxyl-1-ketone. The tumor stem cell culture medium contains no serum, the formula compositions are definite, the safety is relatively high, the serum-free tumor stem cell culture medium can efficiently concentrate tumor stem cells from a malignant tumor cell line and tumor tissues, the tumor stem cells are enabled to grow stably, good cell activity and physiological property can be maintained, and the serum-free tumor stem cell culture medium is very applicable to the field of relevant researches for tumor cells and the tumor stem cells.

Liu Ting

Papers

A new antibacterial chromone derivative from mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium aculeatum (No. 9EB).

Brefeldin A enhances docetaxel-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells in monolayer and 3D cultures.

Benzopyrone compound, benzopyrone compound preparation method and application of benzopyrone compound to preparation of antibacterial medicines

Serum-free tumor stem cell culture medium and application thereof